我国能源消费增长特点、发展趋势及政策取向

改革开放以来,我国能源消费总量持续增长,国内能源供需缺口不断扩大,石油对外依存度已超过50％。我国能源效率明显下降,但大大低于发达国家水平。经济增长速度快,经济结构不合理,价格管制过严和社会性管制缺失,是我国能源消费过快增长的原因。“十二五”期间,我国能源供求形势将依然严峻,对外依存度将会进一步上升。必须加快经济结构和能源结构调整,深化改革,促进能源节约。     

知识产权拒绝许可的反垄断法规制

知识产权拒绝许可是知识产权人合法行使权利的方式之一,是受法律保护的任何第三人不得任意干涉的合法权利。但是知识产权人如果滥用该权利限制了相关市场的有效竞争,意图巩固和加强自己的垄断地位,则会引起反垄断法的规制,承担反垄断法上的责任。     

论警察思想政治工作创新的“以人为本”原则

“以人为本”是新时期警察思想政治工作改革创新应遵循的基本原则。这是因为,它是坚持马克思主义的内在要求;它是适应社会主义市场经济体制的内在要求;它是实践科学发展观的根本要求;它是契合现代管理理念的必然要求。     

论现阶段我国民办高校的发展定位以及政策研究

民办高校在我国实现高等教育大众化的过程中,是一支不可或缺的力量。民办高校必须根据自身的特点准确地进行层次定位：已经有相当办学经验积累的民办高校应该向综合性大学的目标迈进,大多数新兴民办高校的着眼点则应当放在高等职业教育上。在规模定位上,民办高校应结合自身实际情况,适当为好,切忌盲目求大。同时,在民办高校的定位问题上,政策的考虑也是必要的。     

华侨华人历史地理研究刍议

建设和发展华侨华人历史地理研究有利于促进华侨华人学科的完善,拓展历史地理学的研究领域,对推动当今华侨华人问题的解决也有重要现实意义。华侨华人历史地理研究是一门交叉学科,其学科属性是探索历史时期与华侨华人相关的地理现象的演变及两者间的相互影响,并进而探索演变和影响的规律的学科;华侨华人历史地理的研究对象是历史时期与华侨华人相关的地理现象的演变;研究内容主要包括华侨华人历史地理理论和方法研究,侨乡历史地理,移民历史地理,海外华侨华人历史人文地理、社会地理,华侨华人历史自然地理等;研究方法主要是历史文献法、实地考察法、新技术手段及其他相关学科的方法。     

Interpersonal Violence Among College Students: Does Sexual Orientation Impact Risk of Victimization?

Researchers have shown that college students are at an increased risk of experiencing interpersonal violence (IV). One factor that appears to play a role in shaping their likelihood of IV is sexual orientation. However, little is known about this relationship and how IV risk varies across categories of sexual orientation. Utilizing a sample of approximately 43,000 college students from the American College Health Association’s National College Health Assessment II, this study examined the prevalence of IV across five categories of self-identified sexual orientation and examined whether sexual orientation was a predictor of IV. Results indicated that, on average, students who identified as lesbian, gay, bisexual, or questioning were significantly more likely to experience IV than their heterosexual counterparts. Implications for prevention and future research are discussed.     

Historical family systems and contemporary developmental outcomes: what is to be gained from the historical census microdata revolution?

Recent years have witnessed a growing interest in the role of the historical family as the instigator of disparate developmental trajectories. However, a major challenge faced by these studies was that they had to work around a lack of reliable historical data. This study demonstrates how embarking on the recent outburst of historical microdata infrastructures may help to improve these explorations by suggesting additional statistics and a derived measure (the Patriarchy Index) that might prove useful in future efforts aimed at assessing the effect of historical family organization on comparative development. The added value of that endeavour is assessed by comparing the predictive validity of the PI for contemporary developmental gradients against a composite indicator of family organization previously used by economic historians (Carmichael’s ‘Female Friendliness Index’). The results indicate that conclusions about the relationship between historical family organization and various societal outcomes may be sensitive to the measure used. Based on the evidence presented in this paper, it is argued that one of the reasons why the potential importance of historical family for contemporary developmental disparities has not been convincingly unravelled could be inadequacy of data and indicators so far employed to assess historical family formations. To the extent that the Patriarchy Index would be taken up by wider scholarly circles as an indicator of historical family organization it could help unravel potentially new associations between past and present, at least as far as Europe is concerned.     

‘An error is feedback’: the experience of communication error management in crisis negotiations

A range of studies have examined what should be said and done in crisis negotiations. Yet, no study to date has considered what happens when an error is made, how to respond to an error, and what the consequences of errors and responses might be on the negotiation process itself. To develop our understanding of errors, we conducted 11 semi-structured interviews with police crisis negotiators in the Netherlands. Negotiators reported making errors of three types: factual, judgment, or contextual. They also reported making use of four types of response strategy: accept, apologize, attribute, and contradict. Critically, the negotiators did not perceive errors as solely detrimental, but as an opportunity for feedback. They advocated for an error management approach, which focused on what could be learned from another person’s errors when looking back at them. Suggestions for improvement of the communication error management experience in crisis negotiations are discussed.     

海洋强国战略下中国海事司法的职能

海事司法因海洋活动主体的专业性需求而由海事法院专门审判.作为海洋强国战略软实力的重要组成部分,新形势下中国海事司法的职能需重新定位,在保护公民、法人合法权益、保障海洋经济活动秩序的基础上,还应发挥其在推动涉海法律体系发展及维护国家海洋主权上的作用.为此,应着重从扩大海事法院的管辖权和培养海事审判理念两方面完善中国海事司法,并从相应的组织、理念、法律和人才方面为海事司法职能的实现提供具体保障.     

思考在证据“拿来”之后——威格摩尔证明表格的逻辑化倾向及启示

人们普遍承认在由证据法学向证明法学转向过程中，威格摩尔是一位具有宏阔战略眼光的人物，但对反映其司法证明科学理论的著作《建立在逻辑学、心理学和一般生活经验基础上的司法证明原则》并未给予应有的重视。这主要与当时普遍重视证据规则立法、相对轻视司法证明内在结构与原则的研究不无关系。现在英美国家的证据规则立法已充分发达，而影响证据立法的体制与主要因素已有所变化，重新认识其司法证明的基本原则与方法论倾向会对预测证据法晕的发展趋蛰与我国的证据立法实践有重要现实意义。