论警察思想政治工作创新的“以人为本”原则

“以人为本”是新时期警察思想政治工作改革创新应遵循的基本原则。这是因为,它是坚持马克思主义的内在要求;它是适应社会主义市场经济体制的内在要求;它是实践科学发展观的根本要求;它是契合现代管理理念的必然要求。     

论现阶段我国民办高校的发展定位以及政策研究

民办高校在我国实现高等教育大众化的过程中,是一支不可或缺的力量。民办高校必须根据自身的特点准确地进行层次定位：已经有相当办学经验积累的民办高校应该向综合性大学的目标迈进,大多数新兴民办高校的着眼点则应当放在高等职业教育上。在规模定位上,民办高校应结合自身实际情况,适当为好,切忌盲目求大。同时,在民办高校的定位问题上,政策的考虑也是必要的。     

华侨华人历史地理研究刍议

建设和发展华侨华人历史地理研究有利于促进华侨华人学科的完善,拓展历史地理学的研究领域,对推动当今华侨华人问题的解决也有重要现实意义。华侨华人历史地理研究是一门交叉学科,其学科属性是探索历史时期与华侨华人相关的地理现象的演变及两者间的相互影响,并进而探索演变和影响的规律的学科;华侨华人历史地理的研究对象是历史时期与华侨华人相关的地理现象的演变;研究内容主要包括华侨华人历史地理理论和方法研究,侨乡历史地理,移民历史地理,海外华侨华人历史人文地理、社会地理,华侨华人历史自然地理等;研究方法主要是历史文献法、实地考察法、新技术手段及其他相关学科的方法。     

Interpersonal Violence Among College Students: Does Sexual Orientation Impact Risk of Victimization?

Researchers have shown that college students are at an increased risk of experiencing interpersonal violence (IV). One factor that appears to play a role in shaping their likelihood of IV is sexual orientation. However, little is known about this relationship and how IV risk varies across categories of sexual orientation. Utilizing a sample of approximately 43,000 college students from the American College Health Association’s National College Health Assessment II, this study examined the prevalence of IV across five categories of self-identified sexual orientation and examined whether sexual orientation was a predictor of IV. Results indicated that, on average, students who identified as lesbian, gay, bisexual, or questioning were significantly more likely to experience IV than their heterosexual counterparts. Implications for prevention and future research are discussed.     

Historical family systems and contemporary developmental outcomes: what is to be gained from the historical census microdata revolution?

Recent years have witnessed a growing interest in the role of the historical family as the instigator of disparate developmental trajectories. However, a major challenge faced by these studies was that they had to work around a lack of reliable historical data. This study demonstrates how embarking on the recent outburst of historical microdata infrastructures may help to improve these explorations by suggesting additional statistics and a derived measure (the Patriarchy Index) that might prove useful in future efforts aimed at assessing the effect of historical family organization on comparative development. The added value of that endeavour is assessed by comparing the predictive validity of the PI for contemporary developmental gradients against a composite indicator of family organization previously used by economic historians (Carmichael’s ‘Female Friendliness Index’). The results indicate that conclusions about the relationship between historical family organization and various societal outcomes may be sensitive to the measure used. Based on the evidence presented in this paper, it is argued that one of the reasons why the potential importance of historical family for contemporary developmental disparities has not been convincingly unravelled could be inadequacy of data and indicators so far employed to assess historical family formations. To the extent that the Patriarchy Index would be taken up by wider scholarly circles as an indicator of historical family organization it could help unravel potentially new associations between past and present, at least as far as Europe is concerned.     

‘An error is feedback’: the experience of communication error management in crisis negotiations

A range of studies have examined what should be said and done in crisis negotiations. Yet, no study to date has considered what happens when an error is made, how to respond to an error, and what the consequences of errors and responses might be on the negotiation process itself. To develop our understanding of errors, we conducted 11 semi-structured interviews with police crisis negotiators in the Netherlands. Negotiators reported making errors of three types: factual, judgment, or contextual. They also reported making use of four types of response strategy: accept, apologize, attribute, and contradict. Critically, the negotiators did not perceive errors as solely detrimental, but as an opportunity for feedback. They advocated for an error management approach, which focused on what could be learned from another person’s errors when looking back at them. Suggestions for improvement of the communication error management experience in crisis negotiations are discussed.     

“逃避侦查或者审判“含义和构成

在中国刑事追诉时效中,有一个颇为重要但却"被遗忘"的理论角落,即如何理解追诉时效延长制度中的"逃避侦查或者审判".本文在分析时效制度价值的基础上,通过探求语词的确切含义、分析法条的逻辑关系,着重论证了"逃避侦查或者审判"应以当事人"明知"为前提,并提出了构成"逃避侦查或者审判"须具备的时间条件、主观条件、客观条件.     

程序控权与程序性立法的控权指向检讨——以《行政诉讼法》立法目的为个案

就对权力的规制而言,一个合理分权的权力结构当是最为根本和富有实效的,然在这一根本性前提尚未具备且短期内难有实质性变化的境况下,程序对于控权的意义更应被特别强调,尤其在如《行政诉讼法》这样的程序性立法中.因为对权力的规制需要程序要件的满足;权力行使的过程性要求对其制约的程序性;程序特别是正当程序本身即为控权机制;程序制约的过程正当性是法治之德的核心;程序的牵制性有助于催发权力结构的合理变化.但遗憾的是,在如《行政诉讼法》这样的控权性质相当浓厚的程序性立法中,由立法目的所体现的对于权力刻意维护的立法指向却是需要深刻检讨的.     

Support for Harsh Criminal Sanctions and Criminal Justice Beliefs: A Social Dominance Perspective

Much of the criminal justice literature indicates that people’s support for harsh criminal sanctions such as the death penalty is strongly related to their beliefs about deterrence and their beliefs about retribution. In this paper, using social dominance theory as our organizing framework, we expand upon this literature by showing that social dominance orientation (SDO) is also related to support for harsh criminal sanctions, as well as to deterrence and retribution beliefs. In addition, we show that the relationships between SDO, on the one hand, and support for various forms of severe criminal sanctions, on the other, are mediated by deterrence and retribution beliefs.

我国信访制度的功能定位与制度完善——兼评新《信访条例》的若干缺憾

就功能而言,信访制度应当被定位为一种以沟通为基础,以督查为核心,以斡旋为辅助的程序性法律制度,其目的在于听取民众之苦情申诉并给予尽可能的救济.为此,必须以信访听证制度为核心重构信访制度的督查机制,以使我国的信访制度成为整个纠纷解决体系中的一个重要的组成部分.