社会资本视角下慈善组织公信力影响因素研究

近年来我国慈善组织的公信力屡遭考验,嫣然基金事件又将慈善组织推到了风口浪尖。信任是社会资本的重要内容,从社会资本理论出发,根据文献梳理,找出慈善组织公信力影响因素主要有信息透明度、合法性、社会网络、内部治理结构以及慈善文化。目前我国慈善组织公信力提升应先从信息透明度与内部治理结构着手,为我国慈善组织深化改革提供了长远发展的突破口。     

Female serial killers in the United States: means,motives, and makings

Most studies that have focused on female serial killers (FSKs), although informative, have examined limited sample sizes. We consulted mass media reports of demographics, motives, methods, mental health, and victim characteristics of 64 FSKs who committed their crimes in the US from 1821 to 2008. Consistent with other studies, our data showed that FSKs were typically White, educated, have been married, and held a caregiving role (e.g. mother, health care worker). Nearly 40% of FSKs in this sample experienced some form of mental illness. Their most common motive for murder was financial gain, and their most common method of killing was poisoning. FSKs knew all or most of their victims, and most were related to their victims. In all cases, FSKs targeted at least one victim who was a child, elderly, or infirm – those who had little chance of fighting back. We interpret these killers’ behaviors from clinical and evolutionary angles.     

深化综合改革中的组织重构探究

原有的层级制组织结构由于存在高行政成本、监督成本和影响成本,以及对环境适应性低的缺陷,成为制约经济发展和社会进步的瓶颈之一。在不断变化的新形势下,政府应打破层级制和集权,采取分类和分层治理等措施进行组织重构,逐步转向网络组织结构。同时,注意分化改革中的各种阻力,即传统习惯势力的束缚、既得利益者的反对以及转换成本的存在。     

Citizenship in Civil Society?

Abstract

This article seeks to provide a conceptual framework to complement and guide the empirical analysis of civil society. The core argument is that civil society must be understood, not as a category of (post)industrialized society, but as one of individualized society. Civil society is characterized by individualism that is sustained and protected by the civil values of autonomy and emancipation. This, accordingly, implies that empirical data of civil society can be understood most fruitfully within the framework of individualized society. Classical sociology, however, perceives this very individualism and its values as being antagonistic to its own civic vision. Hence, the crucial question is whether there can be any scope for citizenship, classically understood, within civil society. This article begins with the conceptual reconstruction of the social organization of civil society. Thereafter, two distinct civil society perspectives—mediating structures and Tocquevillianism—are explored to see how civil individualism and citizenship relate to each.     

论加强我国政府法制机构建设

坚持科学民主决策、坚持依法行政、坚持行政监督,是政府工作必须遵循的三项基本原则。政府法制机构作为法制工作的载体,为政府依法行政提供强大的制度保障。大力加强和改进政府法制机构建设,即提高认识、健全机构、保障经费、增强素质、创新工作、强化职能,是加强对执法活动监督的重要组织基础,是进一步推进依法行政的关键环节。     

明清时期男性关系网络主导下的女性择医

现有对中国古代女性医疗史的研究主要集中于女性作为救治者或妇科语境下对女性身体的认知,鲜有从社会医疗史的角度讨论女性作为被救治者所面对的诊疗生态。本文以明清时期女性择医问题作为研究对象,发现在中国古代空间和性别意识的交互影响下,明清时期的男性关系网络对于女性病患的择医行为起着主导性作用。通过对比不同阶层女性的求医渠道,可以发现不同社会地位的女性患者在求医问诊过程中对于男性关系网络的依赖程度大不相同,社会地位较低的女性病患对于这种关系网络的依赖性较弱。以此为延伸,本文对中上阶层女性病患在就诊过程中的缄默问题也做了进一步阐释。     

The Day I Will Never Forget: an interview with Kim Longinotto

The documentary filmmaker Kim Longinotto talks to Catherine Fowler about her latest film The Day I Will Never Forget (2003) about female genital mutilation (FGM) in Africa. Longinotto’s films have consistently interrogated our understanding of womens’ place in the world, and her latest film is no exception. She discusses how she found her subjects: Fardohsa, a midwife who has been campaigning against FGM, a group of girls who have (successfully) taken their parents to court in order to prevent FGM being practised, and Fouzia, a girl of nine who reads a poem that she wrote the day after she was circumcised, asking her mother to explain why she put her daughter through such a painful experience. Longinotto also discusses the ethical issues raised by her filming of a circumcision of two sisters, and the wider issues that her film engages: the powerless position of women in African societies, the confusion of religion and culture in discussions of FGM, and the impact of saying ‘no’ to this practice.     

完善女职工权益保护专项集体合同制度探析

当前,在推进签订女职工权益保护专项集体合同工作方面,存在地区发展不平衡等诸多问题。运用人权理论分析,这项制度有其存在的必要性。提高人权意识、完善女职工权益保护专项集体合同制度是落实妇女生存权和发展权等基本人权的重要手段。     

“两个普遍”要求乡镇（街道）工会建设新突破

当前,乡镇(街道)工会已成为工会组织体系中承上启下的重要环节,加强乡镇(街道)工会建设,落实"组织起来、切实维权"工作方针,亟待解决"有人干事"和"有钱办事"等问题,按照工会规范化建设要求,明确乡镇(街道)总工会法律地位,增强基层工会活力,确保依法推动企业普遍建立工会组织,依法推动企业普遍开展工资集体协商,即"两个普遍"工作目标的实现。     

坚定信心强服务 应对危机促和谐——充分发挥工会组织在应对金融危机中的作用

随着金融危机的影响不断加剧并向实体经济蔓延,对职工利益和劳动关系的影响在所难免,需要工会组织充分发挥作用,联系各方共克时艰,为帮助企业度过困难凝聚群力,为和谐劳动关系的构建奠定基础。