Beyond the scarcity scare: reframing the discourse of hunger with an eco-mind

Solutions to world hunger continue to be impeded by a frame – a set of assumptions – that keeps much of humanity focusing narrowly on quantitative growth. The result is greater food production and greater hunger. Yet, across the world another way of seeing, one grounded in the relational insights of ecology, is transforming food systems in ways that both enhance flora and fauna and strengthen human relationships, enabling farmers to gain a greater voice in food production and fairer access to the food produced.     

组织、领导传销活动罪与诈骗罪的竞合论探析--以利用保健食品传销犯罪为角度

利用保健食品传销犯罪是新型的传销犯罪,其在骗取财物的过程中涉及对保健食品的虚假宣传,其构成要件要素又与诈骗罪具有交叉部分,而"两高一部"的《关于办理组织领导传销活动刑事案件适用法律若干问题的意见》并未对组织、领导传销活动罪与诈骗罪之间的罪数讨论予以明示,有必要通过二罪理论上的竞合论争议,比较日本刑法的竞合论规定,结合我国竞合论的规定,明示利用保健食品传销犯罪与诈骗罪的交叉部分的罪名适用关系。     

Modified landscapes: vulnerabilities to genetically modified corn in northern Guatemala

From the countryside to the cubicle, this contribution explores vulnerabilities to genetically modified (GM) contamination of maize landraces in northern Guatemala following the DR-CAFTA (Dominican Republic-Central America-United States Free Trade Agreement). Although some industrial farmers elsewhere in Guatemala might welcome GM seeds, in this lowland refuge zone, transnational agribusiness corporations would largely face a recalcitrant and risk-averse peasantry not easily converted into reliable customers. While the unpredictability of improvisational swidden systems in this dynamic frontier zone has protected small farmers from corporate seed marketers, it also leaves them vulnerable to informal (and invisible) GM gene flow into local maize landraces. Recent changes to Guatemala's biosafety regulatory structure may compound processes of involuntary contamination despite latent citizen opposition to GM corn.     

Climate-smart agriculture: what is it good for?

Leading international organisations presently argue that a transition to ‘climate-smart agriculture’ (CSA) is an obligatory task to ensure food supply for an anticipated nine billion people by 2050. Despite the rubric’s newfound importance, the conceptual underpinnings of CSA are often left unclear. Focusing on the World Bank’s framework, this paper critically interrogates the principles and concepts that underpin CSA. It argues that while CSA provides greater policy space for more holistic approaches to agriculture, it nonetheless operates within an apolitical framework that is narrowly focused on technical fixes at the level of production. This depoliticised approach to the global food system tends to validate existing policy agendas and minimise questions concerning power, inequality and access. By highlighting four strong tensions that permeate the CSA framework, the paper extols the need to greatly widen the scope of debate. To this end, it proposes an alternative ‘climate-wise’ framework to foreground the inherently political dimensions of food and agriculture in an era of climatic change.     

追溯体系对食品国际贸易的影响分析

食品安全是食品贸易的焦点问题,而追溯体系是保障食品安全性的重要举措。文章从追溯的内涵和种类出发,深入分析追溯体系的产生原因以及对食品国际贸易的影响。研究发现,消费者、企业和政府共同推动了可追溯体系的产生;追溯体系的发展提高了出口产品的竞争力、促进了食品产业链的合作交流与产业内贸易的发展;然而各国追溯体系发展的不平衡也给国际贸易带来挑战,我国作为食品生产和出口大国,也应积极推广追溯体系,提高食品的安全竞争力。     

东盟-海合会经贸合作关系：现状、基础及特点

东盟与海合会之间从早期的零散经济接触发展到深入的以＂粮食换石油＂为核心内容框架、多类商品贸易为基础的经贸合作领域;在此过程之中,东盟和海合会内部分别建立了自由贸易区和共同市场,并且建立东盟-海合会自由贸易区开始成为双方的共识,新加坡-海合会自由贸易区的建立以及随之而来马来西亚的诉求可以视作渐进式推进东盟与海合会关系发展的具体步骤。不仅如此,东盟与海合会之间的制度建设也取得重大进展,双方部长级会议已经成型,互派大使也将实现。所有这些对于进一步保障东盟和海合会的安全利益有着切实的积极意义。东盟-海合会自由贸易区未来的建立将会成为全球诸多自由贸易区之间相互连接的重要一环。     

浅议西部民族地区食品安全的法治保障

作为民生问题的食品安全问题关系着每位公民的身体健康、生命安全,也关系着社会的稳定与和谐。在西部民族地区,由于历史、经济和社会等方面的原因,食品安全保障水平较低。因此,对西部民族地区食品安全通过法治手段进行保障,已经成为保障民生的重要方面。     

风险社会视域下对食品安全风险性的认知与监管

在风险社会里,技术的发展在给人类自然环境带来风险的同时,也给食品安全带来了风险。食品安全风险既有对人的健康权、生命权的漠视,更存在政府与公民之间的公共利益机制失衡和政府与企业之间的治理机制失衡问题,这些机制失衡主要表现在食品安全问题对国家安全性和政府公信力的影响上。因此,既需要通过加强政府监管来防范食品安全风险,提升消费者、生产者对食品安全风险的认知度,进一步建立健全食品安全风险控制系统,也需要正确处理消费者与企业利益的关系。     

论我国食品安全监管的症结和出路

食品安全法颁布实施后,各地食品安全事故仍旧频繁发生。食品及食品安全相关基础概念界定不明、监管权限划分不清、安全标准不统一等要害问题在法律出台后仍然没有得到解决。通过对食品及相关概念的重新界定,在立法上区分食品、药品和毒物的概念和标准,着重比较分析了我国与发达国家之间食品安全监管体系之差异,重新界定和阐释了监管权限、行业自律、社会及公民监督等重大问题,借助制度经济学及规制博弈理论对我国目前食品安全监管进行评析并提出了一些具体的改良意见。