纺织物浸渍海洛因定量提取方法的研究

目的建立浸渍在纺织物品中的海洛因定量提取方法。方法浸渍在纺织物品中的海洛因,以5％乙酸提取2次～3次。提取液加入15％结晶乙酸钠,以碳酸钠调pH9,沉淀减压过滤,干燥后称量。结果所得样品含量与原来的接近,提取率达95％。结论该方法简单快捷、易于操作且不损坏载体。     

吸毒者头发中海洛因、6-单乙酰吗啡、吗啡、可待因和乙酰可待因的分析及评价

目的确定海洛因吸毒者头发中海洛因、6-单乙酰吗啡（6-MAM）、吗啡（MOR）、可待因（COD）和乙酰可待因（AC）的浓度并考察其与国际毛发分析协会（Society of Hair Testing,SOHT）建议标准的适用性。方法 50个头发样品经冷冻研磨处理后采用液相色谱-串联质谱方法分析。结果所有样品中均检出6-MAM,并且浓度高于SOHT所建议的0.2 ng/mg,其中海洛因、6-MAM、MOR、COD和AC的浓度与其它研究报道无明显差异。头发中6-MAM：MOR的比率在0.15~36.27范围。结论由于各实验室间毛发样品前处理方法不同,而且存在吸食毒品中成分、剂量、吸食方式、代谢、头发颜色等诸多个体差异,本研究认为采用头发中6-MAM：MOR的比率大于1.3标准难以应用于鉴定海洛因吸毒。     

Stable isotope analyses of heroin seized from the merchant vessel Pong Su

A new type of heroin HCl seized in Australia was examined by stable isotope analysis. The final origin/process classification of these samples by chromatographic signature profiles of the impurity/manufacturing by-products was previously determined to be "unknown" by two independent national laboratories. Various drug enforcement authorities speculated that the heroin might be from a new region or new illicit process due to the unusual chromatographic impurity profiles that were present. Samples from 20 different kilogram packages were examined for isotopic content to determine if the samples fit isotopic patterns of known origins or if they were unique to any known origins. Authentic specimens from Southeast Asian (N=59), Southwest Asia (N=37), South America (N=104), and Mexico (N=21) we concomitantly examined for comparison purposes. Both continuous flow elemental analysis-isotope ratio mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-isotope ratio mass spectrometry techniques were utilized. Heroin samples were also converted to morphine, without apparent isotopic fractionation, utilizing methanolic HCl for gas chromatography-isotope ratio mass spectrometry. The Pong Su samples were found to be isotopically and isotopically/alkaloidally distinct from the known origin/process classifications of Southwest Asian, Southeast Asian, South American, and Mexican.     

湖南省青少年吸毒现状、原因及对策分析

从当前湖南青少年吸毒的现状来看,有这样几个特点:一是吸食毒品种类不断增加;二是范围不断扩大;三是吸毒人数增多。青少年吸毒有个体、家庭和社会多方面的原因,应该从建立防范青少年染毒社会机制、牢固在校学生拒毒防线、强化惩治毒品犯罪力度、加大普查检测力度、消除社会歧视、注重家庭教育等多方面进行治理,减少和杜绝青少年吸毒现象的发生。     

武汉市武东医院2005年和2006年收治的海洛因滥用者中HCV感染情况比较分析

目的:了解海洛因滥用者中HCV感染情况及滥用方式与HCV感染的关系。方法:采用自行设计的《HCV感染者一般情况登记表》对武东医院戒毒科2005年和2006年收治的海洛因滥用者中经抗-HCV酶免疫法(EIA)检测出的HCV感染者的资料进行回顾性分析。结果:2005年共收治海洛因滥用者2348例,检测出HCV抗体阳性者740例,占31.5%;2006年共收治海洛因滥用者2776例,HCV抗体阳性者1068例,占38.5%,两年比较差异有显著性(P<0.01)。2005年740例感染者中采用注射方式滥用者460例,占62.2%,烫吸280例,占37.8%;2006年1068例感染者中注射方式滥用者730例,占68.4%,烫吸338例,占31.6%。2006年采用注射方式滥用者高于2005年(P<0.05)。两年的HCV感染者在年龄分布上差异有显著性(P<0.05)。两年药物滥用5a以上的HCV感染者分别占66.2%和60.7%。结论:药物滥用人群中HCV感染率快速增长,感染者中采用静脉注射的比例高,说明静脉注射仍是HCV感染的主要途径,但非静脉注射者中HCV感染的比率也很高。     

关于强制戒毒所归口管理问题的思考

强制戒毒所一直以来由当地政府设立 ,由公安机关禁毒部门进行管理。随着我国毒品问题的发展 ,某些省份根据自己的具体情况对强制戒毒所的归口管理进行了调整 ,改为由监管部门进行管理。强制戒毒所归口管理的问题关系到我国禁毒工作的整体部署 ,必须引起足够的重视。文章经过比较分析 ,得出了结论 :将强制戒毒所归于禁毒部门管理或者监管部门管理各有利弊 ,禁毒部门负责强制戒毒所的管理有利于禁毒部门对整个禁毒工作进行统抓统管 ,有利于最大限度地发挥有限的禁毒资源的作用 ,禁毒部门管理强制戒毒所是禁毒工作的基本要求。强制戒毒所归口到禁毒部门管理优于监管部门管理     

析引诱、教唆、欺骗他人吸毒罪中的几个疑难问题

引诱、教唆、欺骗他人吸毒罪侵犯了国家关于麻醉药品、精神药品的管制和他人的身心健康。该罪在主观上行为人明知自己实施引诱、教唆、欺骗行为是为了促使他人吸食、注射毒品而仍然实施;而在客观方面具有行为的非法性、手段的多种多样与导致他人吸毒这一结果三个特征。它在犯罪形态上也表现出自己的特色。     

Measuring Client Satisfaction and Engagement: The Role of a Mentor Parent Program in Family Drug Treatment Court

Parent engagement is an important intermediate outcome in Family Drug Treatment Court (FDTC) and child welfare services. This study explored the utility and reliability of a client satisfaction and engagement survey designed to measure interim outcomes of a Mentor Parent Program, operating in conjunction with a FDTC. Findings suggest the survey is a useful, parsimonious and reliable tool for measuring key dimensions of parent mentor services including client engagement; client‐centered support and empowerment; and help with systems navigation and accessing resources. The survey may be adapted for use in other FDTC or parent mentor contexts.     

Patterns of Crime and Substance Abuse among Israeli Ex-Addict Female Inmates

The current study examined the relationship between drug addiction and crime involvement among Israeli female prisoners, and further examined the differential contribution of early onset of drug, sexual abuse and poly drug use, to predict involvement in offenses against person. Fifty-four ex-addict female inmates participated in this study. Research findings indicated that a majority began using drugs prior to their involvement in crime and most were convicted of drug-related crimes. In addition, almost half had a history of sexual abuse. Female inmates who were sexually abused were characterized by an early onset of drug and poly drug use. A relationship was observed between poly drug use and offenses against person. Also, the duration of drug abstinence corresponded to a lower sense of coherence and higher level of trait anxiety among female inmates. The implications of these findings for substance abuse treatment are discussed. Gila Chen, PhD, is a lecturer in the Criminology Department at Ashkelon Academic College and Bar-Ilan University. Her academic interests include youth at risk, female offenders, self-help groups, and drug addiction.     

海洛因盐型检验研究进展

本文综述了海洛因毒品不同存在形态的基本性质,对海洛因毒品进行盐型检验的必要性以及近年来国内外对于海洛因盐型检验的基本情况和研究进展。