Problems and service needs among ex-offenders with HIV risk behaviors entering sober living recovery homes

There is currently a nationwide effort to decrease the number of persons who are incarcerated in jails and prisons. However, many ex-offenders on probation or parole do not have access to affordable housing and larger proportions have histories of HIV risk as well as substance abuse problems. In California, sober living houses (SLHs) are becoming an increasingly popular housing option for these individuals. Based largely on the principles of alcoholics anonymous, SLHs require abstinence from alcohol and drugs and provide peer support for recovery. The current study examined the types of problems experienced among 330 ex-offenders with lifetime risk for HIV during the six months prior to entering SLHs. Nearly three fourths (74%) of all ex-offenders entering the houses had at least one HIV risk. The importance of housing was evident in the finding that housing status and participants’ perceptions of their housing situation were associated with a variety of problem areas, including substance use, HIV risk, psychiatric severity, and legal problems. SLHs represent an important housing option for ex-offenders, but many residents may need additional services to address various problems.     

The provenance of émigrés: the validity of measuring knowledge of places

Establishing the origin of those seeking asylum is essential but difficult as asylum seekers often cannot corroborate their origin claim with documents. The aim of the present study was to assess whether asking knowledge questions, sketch questions and impossible questions are valid methods to determine the veracity of an origin claim. Participants (N?=?105) from Tilburg (truth-tellers), Maastricht (partial liars) and Gothenburg (full liars) were asked to convince an interviewer that they originated from Tilburg. Half of them prepared and half of them did not prepare themselves for the interview. They were asked 10 knowledge questions typically asked to assess the credibility of origin claims, 4 impossible questions and 1 sketch question. Participants from Tilburg answered more questions correctly than participants from Maastricht and Gothenburg. Performance also improved with preparation. Even though the results did provide some support for the validity of assessing claims about origin by asking knowledge questions, the differences between the groups were modest, and it was impossible to correctly identify all truth-tellers and liars. Changing the output modality from verbal answering to sketching contributed to the credibility assessment of origin claims, whereas impossible questions were not discriminatory.     

中外犯罪构成比较研究

刑法学领域有三种犯罪构成模式 ,这三种犯罪构成并没有本质的区别 ,只是认识问题的切入点和思维的方式不同而已。以“分析性思维”为特点的西方人和以“对立统一之综合性思维”为特点的中国人在社会危害性分析的基础上形成了不同的犯罪构成理论。我国的犯罪构成在节省司法资源、保障人权等方面要优于国外的犯罪构成。     

论权利

人与世界具有三层关系 :意识关系、支配关系和权利关系。在意识关系 (主体与客体的关系 )中 ,主体与客体互为前提 ,相互渗透 ,意识关系不具有排他性。在支配关系(支配主体与支配客体的关系 )中 ,支配一方面是主体对客体片面的必然性的扬弃 ,另一方面也是客体对主体片面的必然性的扬弃。在权利关系 (权利主体与权利客体的关系 )中 ,法通过对个别意志的肯定和否定使主体拥有了支配的自由和可能 ,使支配主体的支配具有了随意性和排他性 ,使支配被划分为合法的支配和非法的支配。这种对个别意志的肯定和否定的统一 ,支配的自由与可能的统一 ,进行支配的随意性与排他性的统一 ,就是权利     

Product Liability: A Neo-Austrian Based Perspective

The paper is an exercise in a neo-Austrian based economic analysis of product liability. After a short historical introduction, we take two of the basic premises of Austrian economic thought and see which system of product liability results. If costs are subjective and entrepreneurship is the essence of an efficient market process, a system of caveat emptor and vendor results. For judges to assess damages, in the way others advocate judges to do, judges would need to measure costs, something that cannot be done according to Austrian economics. The paper also answers some possible criticisms from the mainstream neoclassical perspective.     

The Public Interest Theory of Regulation: Non-Existence or Misinterpretation?

The Public Interest Theory of regulation explains, in general terms, that regulation seeks the protection and benefit of the public at large. This paper argues that possibly the Public Interest Theory does not exist as such for reasons that will be discussed later. In addition, the paper contends that the Stigler's and Posner's characterisation of the Public Interest Theory has similarities with the welfare economics rationale for regulation. Nevertheless, the similarities do not prove or deny a connection between both the concepts of public interest and the welfare economics rationale for regulation.     

西方非主流经济学的消费行为理论述评

无论是西方主流经济学还是非主流经济学的消费行为理论，都具有十分明显的时代特征，是理论的历史承袭性和修正性的结晶。因此，诸家理论都表现出一定的局限性，有待进一步修正，深化，拓展和整和，但这并不诋毁其应用价值，深入研究这些理论，有利于我们在不同的时期选择适宜的政策，引导和刺激居民消费行为沿着正确的方向发展。     

著作权合理使用及其经济学分析

合理使用是指在一定的条件下不经著作权人的许可,也不必向其支付报酬而对作品所进行的使用。在经济学看来,著作权法中的合理使用体现了著作权法实施的社会成本和收益间的平衡。其中交易成本分析方法运用于合理使用制度中,侧重于交易成本损害了自愿许可协议的达成从而导致市场失败的情形。合理使用还可以运用新古典经济学原理分析。     

新区域经济观:理论视野与实践案例

区域经济的发展和研究成为新的经济学热点问题。知识经济的兴起,国际经济全球化和区域经济一体化,为区域经济的实践、区域经济学的理论与方法注入了大量新内容,取得了一系列重要的研究成果。我们将这些研究成果概括为新区域经济观。本文概述区域经济学研究内容、层次与范围的拓展,分析区域经济理论创新和实践案例,探讨新区域经济观如何支撑五个“统筹”与区域协调发展等问题。     

西部民族地区城镇化建设中税收优惠的法律经济学研究

本文在分析现阶段西部民族地区的税收优惠政策及其局限性的基础上,从法律经济学效益最大化的思想出发,指出在西部民族地区城镇化建设的税收优惠中必须依法治税,应当赋予部分西部民族地区政府地方税收立法权,还要落实西部民族地区自治机关的税收管理自治权。