Historical political economy and liberal democratic capitalism

This paper explores the ways in which pregnancy is increasingly portrayed as a state requiring careful and detailed risk prevention. The subject of risk reduction in not the pregnant woman; the effort here is not to reduce maternalrisk during pregnancy, but rather to reduce possible risks to the foetus due to maternal behaviour.

The deployment of risk discourse regarding foetal endangerment through maternal diet, exercise, lifestyle choices and personal habits is investigated using popular advice manuals directed at pregnant women. Through an examination of these materials, connections are made between the use of this ‘risk talk’ in prenatal advice to pregnant women and a larger practice of ‘self-regulation’ that occurs in advanced liberal rule.     

美国管理式医疗的发展历程及对国内医保的借鉴

从理论和实证的研究表明,管理式医疗曾被当作美国医疗保险改革的典范,甚至有人尊其为有效降低医疗费用和成本的灵丹妙药。在有效控制节节攀升的医疗服务费用方面,管理式医疗确实达到了非常好的效果。但是,医疗服务需要关注的不仅是费用,还有医疗服务的质量、服务的可及性以及临床医疗的长远发展等方面。而美国管理式医疗的发展历程生动地诠释了普通民众需要的不仅仅是廉价的医疗服务这一现实。     

关于劳动者生命道德的思考

劳动者作为社会发展的重要力量,具有生命存在的终极意义及追寻生命价值的本能渴望.但是他们生命的存在以及价值的实现不断面临现实的挑战,敬畏与关爱是对劳动者生命的基本的道德态度,工会在其中可以发挥重要作用.     

STRICTLY LIABLE: GOVERNMENTAL USE OF THE PARENT–CHILD RELATIONSHIP AS A BASIS FOR HOLDING VICTIMS LIABLE FOR THEIR CHILD'S WITNESS TO DOMESTIC VIOLENCE

Studies estimate that between three and ten million children in the United States witness domestic violence annually. Although studies have demonstrated a co‐occurrence of domestic violence and child abuse, there is no concrete evidence to support the assumption that a child's exposure to domestic violence increases the risk to the child of abuse or neglect. Recently the New York State Court of Appeals determined that a child's witness to abuse does not suffice, in and of itself, to show that removal of the child is necessary or that removal is in the “best interests” of the child. Programs which have developed alternatives to presumptive removal understand the importance of viewing the interests of the battered parent and children as being in accord with each other rather than in opposition. Private and government sponsored programs have demonstrated some success in protecting the parent‐child relationship, ensuring the safety of both parent and child, and increasing accountability of batterers while reducing the necessity for removals. Alternative programs are less costly to the state than foster care, and emotionally less costly to the families.     

Deconstructing Deliberation in the Appraisal of Medical Technologies: NICEly Does it?

Appraisals of medical technologies undertaken by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) have significant implications for the setting of priorities for health care expenditure in the NHS in England and Wales. NICE has been characterised as a deliberative body, an evaluation which reflects the recent attention paid by those working within the health policy community to the establishment of mechanisms which deliver procedural justice, in the absence of societal consensus upon the substantive values which should underpin distributive choices in health care. This article critically interrogates the assessment of NICE as deliberative in character. It also considers the relationship between legitimacy and deliberation in this policy context, in light of the claim that 'thickening proceduralisation' by establishing and enhancing deliberative structures and processes is a useful strategy for addressing regulatory problems.     

论强制医疗启动程序决定主体

强制医疗制度是国家医疗保健制度的有机组成部分,强制医疗有广义与狭义之分。狭义的强制医疗,如实施危害行为的精神病患者、甲类传染病患者等;广义的强制医疗,包括预防接种、指定医保单位就医等。强制医疗程序启动的决定主体必须是国家赋予相应权力的机关,其他任何单位不具有这样的权力,因而无权决定强制医疗程序启动。强制医疗主体的确定取决于强制医疗对象的危害程度、广度及时间等因素。     

各利益相关者在医院与社区双向转诊合作中的责任与机制简

针对目前双向转诊中信息不能共享、药品获得和费用报销障碍、社区人力服务水平相对较差等问题,从双向转诊中各利益相关者角度分析在双向转诊实施过程中政府、医疗机构（医院与社区卫生服务机构）、患者与家属各自应当承担的责任,提出相应的措施及改进机制。     

犯罪过失构成要素比较研究

科学地抽象和概括犯罪过失共同的构成要素并进行比较研究,对于正确认定犯罪过失和过失犯罪,具有积极的意义。中外学者都比较重视对过失构成要素的研究,但侧重点各不相同:国外学者特别是大陆法系的学者注重对构成要素内容的研究,国内学者则侧重于对其结构的剖析。违法性认识不是犯罪过失的构成要素。     

职务过失犯罪研究

职务过失犯罪是指国家工作人员在履行职务的过程中严重不负责任 ,失职不履行或者不正确履行自己的职责 ,应当预见到自己的失职行为可能造成危害社会的结果而疏忽大意没有预见 ,或者已经预见而轻信能够避免 ,致使公共财产、国家和人民利益遭受重大损失的行为。对职务过失犯罪的注意义务和认定 ,应采取抽象结果预见说 ;对职务过失犯罪的处罚 ,应重于技术过失犯罪和职业过失犯罪。     

对目前实施生育保险局限性与突破方向的思考

目前生育保险制度在我国尚未全面推进,其原因是局部地区相对独立的改革及立法的滞后。未来生育保险突破的方向应是向全国统一规划、实施、调剂和管理的态势发展。政府和社会应进一步重视生育保障的社会价值,更好地维护女职工的合法权益和特殊利益。