Types of knowledge utilization of regulatory impact assessments: Evidence from Swiss policymaking

Ex ante policy appraisals, such as Regulatory Impact Assessments (RIAs), are promoted because they are expected to inform decisionmakers and, thus, to lead to better quality regulation. Such instrumental use is not the only possible use of RIAs. Ex ante policy appraisal can affect the policy process in various ways. However, a consolidated theory on the conditions for utilization of RIAs in the policy process has yet to be developed. In order to explore these conditions, we analyze three case studies of Swiss decisionmaking processes and apply concepts from knowledge utilization literature. In conclusion, we find that policy arenas matter more than the institutional context and design of RIA procedures. In line with previous literature, political use seems to be a prevalent type of utilization. Yet we find that, under specific conditions, RIAs also provide a basis for the optimization of policy designs (instrumental use), help improve interagency relations (policy‐process use), and may change how a policy issue is understood (conceptual use).     

家庭暴力的防范与价值观培育

家庭暴力是影响社会发展的毒瘤,严重危害着人们的身心健康,是构建和谐社会必须解决的重要问题。家庭暴力产生的根本原因是由于正确价值观的缺位所造成的。为从根本上预防和消除家庭暴力的发生,就必须引导人们树立正确的价值观,正确认识各种家庭关系;树立正确的家庭文明观,家庭伦理观,并在全社会培养一种关怀意识。     

课堂教学：大学生思想政治教育的着力点

充分发挥课堂教学在大学生思想政治教育中的主导作用 ,正确处理思想政治教育与知识教育的关系 ,改进思想政治理论课教学、进行思想政治学科建设、加强思想政治教育工作队伍建设和培育良好的思想政治教育环境     

经济全球化条件下外国仲裁机构在中国仲裁及其影响

外国仲裁机构到中国仲裁,主要是指由外国仲裁机构管理的适用该外国仲裁机构仲裁规则在中国境内进行的仲裁。这对于我国境内的仲裁机构而言,既是挑战,也是机遇。作者认为,建立一支高素质的、为国内外当事人所信赖、能够公正地解决国际商事争议的仲裁员队伍,是我国各仲裁委员会赖以生存与发展的生命线。     

知识经济对传统会计的冲击与会计创新

21世纪已迈入知识经济时代。知识经济的特征必将对传统会计的会计目标、假设、原则、核算内容以及会计报告等方面产生一定的冲击和影响。因此,尽快建立新型会计模式,将人力资源会计纳入会计管理系统,增强财务会计报告的及时性与充分性等,是创新会计业务,迎接知识经济挑战的需要。     

The highs and lows of working with sexual offenders: A New Zealand perspective

Abstract

The positive effects on clinicians responsible for the treatment of sexual offenders are little understood. The few available studies have focused upon the negative sequelae of this work. The current study of clinicians working therapeutically with sexual offenders at a community-based organization aimed for a more balanced picture of the effects of sex offender treatment provision. Using qualitative methods, both negative and positive aspects of this work emerged within three main themes: taking an optimistic perspective, working for community outcomes and supportive agency culture. Although the study revealed many challenges for therapists, these were found to be counterbalanced against rewards, affording a high degree of personal and professional fulfilment from working within this field.     

环境影响评价的正当性解析——以公众参与机制为例

环境影响评价必须有公众参与才能为其提供正当性,但现有的制度安排未能解决公众参与的实质正当性问题,公众参与环节往往流于形式。通过研究公众的范围选择、公众参与的方式以及听证主持人和专家的独立性等问题,提出当前需要改进的建议。     

Propaganda,effect, and the cold war: Gauging the status of america's “war of words”

The article examines the interrelationship among propaganda, effect, and the Cold War during congressional debates over America's first peacetime propaganda program. Although the rise of the communication research paradigm affected the production of statistical evidence to measure the effectiveness of America's Cold War propaganda, this case study argues that the “war of words” metaphor further heightened the need for empirical proof of America's status in that conflict, Just as with any physical battle that relies on body counts and land measurements to determine the success of America's war efforts, the criteria for measuring the status of America's “war of words” were driven by a similar demand for “objective” proof. The longevity of the Cold War helped ensure the institutionalization of the communication research paradigm, which rejected the use of anecdotal evidence as support for the program's impact.     

浅析教师人格魅力对学生的影响

教师的人格魅力是教师的性格、气质、能力等个性特征的总和,是教师个人整体的精神风貌,它对学生有很大的影响,能够促进学生人格的发展。教师要注意塑造自己高尚的人格,发挥人格力量的独特魅力去影响学生。     

论刑事司法错误的发生机理与现实危害——基于诉讼运行的分析

从诉讼运行的角度讲,"不枉不纵/程序合法"仅是一种具有理想色彩的迷思,相反,刑事司法错误在诉讼现实中无可难免。这主要是因为,主观上,刑事司法制度的构建与运行受制于人类的有限理性;客观上,刑事司法活动的开启与完成也受到认知规律和物证技术的限制,难以保障不枉不纵和程序合法。而刑事司法错误的现实危害却极大,微观上造成本案权益的损失与司法成本的耗费,宏观上则导致程序刚性的式微与国家信用的流失。