社区居民参与旅游发展的问题及体制性影响因素研究——一个社区主导型旅游村落的视角

中国社区主导型旅游村落的居民在参与旅游发展过程中存在各种问题,该文以北京郊区一个自然村落为例,针对社区居民参与旅游过程中参与旅游规划与决策、村资源旅游经营、旅游监督、旅游收益分配四个方面存在的问题,提出了社区居民社区参与旅游不足问题背后的三个体制性影响因素,即村干部委托代理制度、村干部公共管理角色与经营角色的混合制度,以及乡村干部内部利益的庇护网,并提出了可选择的发展路径。     

新现实主义视野下的东亚地区主义发展路径

作为主流的国际关系理论,新现实主义也被运用于地区层面,成为很多国内外学者阐释东亚地区主义的主要理论范式之一。在新现实主义者看来,东亚国家对于均势体系或结构的追逐由来已久,无论是东盟的成立,大国平衡战略的实践,还是由于中国崛起而引发的"中国威胁论"以及中日之间的矛盾和竞争等都彰显了东亚地区结构的不断变动,显示出东亚地区国家间追逐权力平衡的过程。     

影响当代中国工艺美术的设计性因素解析

单就设计性因素考察,中国当代工艺美术及其设计,除了受中国传统关学及中国传统设计思想的影响外,还有着与西方设计思潮互动的历史。进入工业时代,艺术与技术的融合成为一种必然,但随着设计美学由现代向后现代的转换,艺术自身的生命力与渗透力也不容小视,激进主义、材料美学、设计艺术的商业化倾向等,都对中国当代工艺美术设计产生了深刻影响。     

领导干部提高情商“六步曲”

情商做为调节管理自己情绪和人际情绪的能力,对个人的影响重大,对领导干部的作用更为突出。情商是领导干部提升个人影响力的重要途径,是领导干部化解矛盾纠纷的重要法宝,也是领导干部维系个人身心健康的重要基础。提高领导干部情商有"六步曲",即知情、解情、调情、识情、移情和传情。     

Is Bigger Better? Activity and Success in Negotiations in the United Nations General Assembly

Theorists often claim that being bigger than one's counterparts offers advantages in multilateral negotiations. In this article, I examine that argument using data from negotiations in the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA). The article analyzes and compares the activity levels of smaller and larger states in international negotiations, and sheds light on the conditions under which the latter “punch below their weight.” My analysis indicates that size directly affects participation, but not success rates. Bigger states can better formulate national positions on a broad range of issues, enabling their diplomats to more actively participate in negotiations, while smaller states are absent more often. Activity is conducive to success, which helps bigger states. But not every negotiation strategy is equally effective. In the UNGA's one‐state, one‐vote context, bigger states are not able to systematically exert disproportionate influence despite their often superior financial resources and bargaining strategies.     

淡水硅藻种群及数量变化的影响因素及其法医学意义

江河、湖泊等淡水系统中,硅藻种群及数量变化与环境、水文的改变有着极其密切的关系。本文针对近年来淡水硅藻种群及数量变化影响因素的研究进行综述,以期为通过硅藻检验结果合理分析水中尸体死因、案件性质及判断落水点提供参考依据。     

公安院校大学生学习积极性影响因素研究

公安院校大学生学习积极性受多种因素的影响。通过对北京警察学院学生展开的问卷调查研究发现,影响大学生学习积极性的主要因素包括社会、学校和家庭在内的外部环境因素以及学生学习的动机、意志和兴趣等内部因素。应采取有针对性的策略,提高大学生的学习积极性。     

中国共产党早期马克思主义战略观的形成

中国共产党早期战略观形成的理论基础,是马克思主义战略思想.中国共产党早期战略观形成的国际因素,是共产国际的战略思想.中国共产党是在共产国际的帮助和指导下建立起来的,党的二大又决定加入共产国际,二者的这种密切联系决定后者对前者的影响是巨大的,其中包括共产国际战略思想的影响.中国共产党早期战略观形成的实践沃土,是党自身的革命实践,这一点具有决定性意义.党成立后对中国近代革命实践进行了深刻的战略反思,对党领导的革命实践不断进行战略上的思考,从而逐步形成了具有中国特色的马克思主义战略现.     

Democracy in crisis? The declining support for national democracy in European countries, 2007–2011

The Great Recession that started in 2007/2008 has been the worst economic downturn since the crisis of the 1930s in Europe. It led to a major sovereign debt crisis, which is arguably the biggest challenge for the European Union (EU) and its common currency. Not since the 1950s have advanced democracies experienced such a dramatic external imposition of austerity and structural reform policies through inter‐ or supranational organisations such as the EU and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) or as implicitly requested by international financial markets. Did this massive interference with the room for maneuver of parliaments and governments in many countries erode support for national democracy in the crisis since 2007? Did citizens realise that their national democratic institutions were no longer able to effectively decide on major economic and social policies, on economic and welfare state institutions? And did they react by concluding that this constrained democracy no longer merited further support? These are the questions guiding this article, which compares 26 EU countries in 2007–2011 and re‐analyses 78 national surveys. Aggregate data from these surveys is analysed in a time‐series cross‐section design to examine changes in democratic support at the country level. The hypotheses also are tested at the individual level by estimating a series of cross‐classified multilevel logistic regression models. Support for national democracy – operationalised as satisfaction with the way democracy works and as trust in parliament – declined dramatically during the crisis. This was caused both by international organisations and markets interfering with national democratic procedures and by the deteriorating situation of the national economy as perceived by individual citizens.     

Political and Civic Engagement and Participation: Towards an Integrative Perspective

Abstract

This article presents an overview of current understandings in the study of political and civic engagement and participation, drawing in particular on innovations which have emerged from the Processes Influencing Democratic Ownership and Participation (PIDOP) project. For the purposes of the article, ‘engagement’ is defined as having an interest in, paying attention to, or having knowledge, beliefs, opinions, attitudes, or feelings about either political or civic matters, whereas ‘participation’ is defined in terms of political and civic participatory behaviours. The different forms that political and civic engagement and participation can take are outlined, and the factors that are related to different patterns of engagement and participation are reviewed. These factors operate at different levels, and include distal macro contextual factors, demographic factors, proximal social factors, and endogenous psychological factors. An integrative model covering all four levels of factors is outlined. Some findings from the secondary analysis of existing data-sets (including the European Social Survey and the International Social Survey Programme) in the PIDOP project are also reported. These findings show that engagement and participation vary as a function of complex interactions between macro, demographic, and psychological factors. It is argued that multi-level integrative theories, such as the one proposed in the current article, are required to understand the drivers of political and civic engagement and participation, and that policies and interventions aimed at enhancing citizens' levels of engagement and participation need to take this multi-level complexity into account.