Law and Disorder: The Brazilian Landless Farmworkers' Movement

Abstract — The Brazilian Landless Farmworkers' Movement (MST) occupies idle farmland and demands that it be expropriated under the terms of Brazil's agrarian reform law. The MST uses illegal tactics in the field to force the government's hand and at the same time asserts its legitimacy with legalism and invocation of public sentiment in favor of land reform. It confronts repression promoted by the landowning class and increasingly from the state itself. Through the combination of militant and legal tactics it has won expropriation of many farms and turned them into successful agricultural enterprises.     

土地出让过程中的政府角色冲突和转变

由于城市土地所有权属于国家，具体的土地出让行为由地方政府及其职能部门来执行。在这种体制下政府及其职能部门具有土地经营者和管理者的双重身份，不同的身份有不同的价值趋向，这本身就是个矛盾，更何况权利与利益联系在一起就可能导致权力扭曲，文章主要对这种身份冲突所引起的问题和解决机制进行浅显的研究。     

非法占用农用地罪犯罪对象林地之司法认定

在分析我国林地管理有关法律法规的基础上,结合非法占用农用地罪的立法原意,对非法占用农用地罪犯罪对象之一的林地的司法认定问题进行分析,探讨认定林地的依据。     

Foreign ownership of land in Phuket,Thailand

Thai Land Law does not allow outright ownership of land by foreign nationals. Phuket, a well-known Thailand tourist destination, is facing a problem of acquiring land by foreigners. The objective of this study was to compile data on ownership of land by foreigners in Phuket areas and explore the types of ownership through which the land had been acquired. The purpose of this study was also to assess the nature of the problems of foreigners owning immovable properties in Phuket, and the impacts could further make appropriate recommendations. There were two types of foreign ownership of land in Phuket. The first type was legal ownership of immovable properties by foreigners, and the second were the cases that foreigners took advantage of the loopholes of the law to acquire but in fact owned and utilized land mostly in scenic beaches by using Thais as nominees. These nominees could either be their spouse, or employees of corporate bodies or legal entities. In some cases, nominees were actually employees of law firms which assisted foreigners to register as a Thai corporate body. However, the impact of foreigners owning immobile properties in Phuket can be both positive and negative. On the positive side, the local economies actually benefited foreigners owning immobile properties as this led to increasing economic growth and land utilization. The negative impacts on the other hand were mainly the loss of revenue of local governments from local taxes and duties, including land price distortion. Another negative dimension was the difficulties of the public sector to control the negative environmental impacts. From the economic perspective, the feasibility of declaring areas where there is a high concentration of foreigners owning immobile properties as special area should be explored. Finally, the establishment of a ＂governing council＂ to control and develop conditions to protect the environment and reduce the impact to communities as part of the package of investment promotion should also be considered.     

浅谈我国农村土地社会保障功能的法律制度

土地是农村百业之基，是农民生存之本。改变农村经济发展的落后局面，缩小城乡差距，实现城乡均衡发展，是建设社会主义新农村的重大发展战略。建立和完善农村土地社会保障功能的法律制度，关系到现代农业发展和新农村建设。因此，在保障土地合理利用的前提下构建社会保障体系，是当前我国农村经济建设的必然选择。     

构建我国土地规划资格制度

近年来,我国违法用地的现象严重,土地规划的编制缺乏科学性是导致人为随意修改规划造成违法用地的重要原因之一。目前我国土地规划的现状、土地规划机构的规划能力和水平对规划质量的提高有一定影响,构建我国土地规划资格制度具有重要的理论和现实意义,建立我国专业化的土地规划队伍即土地规划资格制度应参考城市规划师执业资格的模式。     

后位继承法律制度研究——兼与补充继承比较

后位继承与补充继承均为遗产继承中财产利益移转的两种特殊方式，而且两者均渊源于罗马法。后位继承与补充继承充分尊重遗嘱人处分个人财产的意志自由，是继承法遗嘱自由原则的重要体现。我国未来民法典应当确立后位继承与补充继承制度。     

农用地流转有效机制探讨

有效的农用地流转机制是统筹城乡发展的重要突破口。该文肯定了农用地流转的意义，分析了农用地流转与耕地保护之间的矛盾冲突，并在此基础上借鉴一些地方的特色土地流转模式，探讨了农用地流转的有效机制。     

被征用土地作价入股制度研究

伴随着我国城市规模的迅速扩张及城市化进程的加速,大量集体所有土地被国家征用作为新增建设用地.然而,失去了这种生活基础的农民的利益却未得到充分的补偿,从而使失地农民成为社会弱势群体中的弱势.为了保障失地农民的生产和生活权益,针对这一群体的特点,我们应该尽早建立起一种长效机制以为他们获得收益提供新的途径.     

我国土地征收补偿制度的现状、存在的问题及其完善对策

当前,引发我国土地征收纠纷的最主要原因是土地补偿问题。本文考察了我国现行土地补偿制度的现状,分析了我国现行土地补偿制度在补偿的标准、范围、方式等方面存在的不能适应当前现实需要的成因,并提出相应的完善建议。