论我国土地征收的程序保障

正当的土地征收程序能更好制约公权力,保护私权利,平衡二者之间的冲突。我国现行征地程序存在严重缺陷,不能充分发挥其保障作用,亟待完善。要充分发挥程序的保障作用,就必须立足于保护农民的知情权、参与权与权利救济,遵循正当程序相关规则,不断加以完善。     

Negotiating Access to Land in Nepal

In a rural agrarian economy like that of Nepal, land has traditionally been a primary source of livelihood and security, as well as a symbol of status. Thousands of poor farmers are completely dependent on land for their livelihoods, yet not all of them have access to or control over this fundamental resource. Negotiation for access to land has been a lengthy and complicated process. It remains so in the changed political context of Nepal, where increasing numbers of emerging actors need to be considered, often with conflicting claims and counterclaims. In this context the traditional ways of thinking need to be revised, both with regard to the negotiating process and the mechanisms of land reform, to accommodate the country’s recent and ongoing massive socio-economic transformation.     

我国集体建设用地使用权流转制度的建构

我国集体建设用地使用权可流转制度的建立,将集体建设用地纳入土地一级市场,充分发挥土地的资源性作用,对于我国经济保持持续稳定发展具有重要意义。此项制度的建立,必然会增加农民收入,促进农村经济发展,推动"城乡一体化"建设,加快社会主义新农村建设。一项制度的建立需要以相关配套制度为依托,我国集体建设用地使用权可流转制度的建立需要以相关经济制度、社会保障制度为基础。     

Turning Housing Into Driving: Parking Requirements and Density in Los Angeles and New York

This article examines the idea that residential minimum parking requirements are associated with lower housing and population densities and higher vehicle densities (residential vehicles per square mile). Cities frequently use minimum parking requirements to manage traffic, but parking requirements accommodate vehicles, suggesting they should lead to more driving and congestion rather than less. If parking requirements reduce congestion, they likely do so not by reducing the number of vehicles in an area but by reducing the densities of housing and people. We support this idea by comparing the Los Angeles and New York urbanized areas. We show that differences in housing, vehicle, and population densities across and within these urbanized areas are closely correlated with differences in the share of housing units that include parking, and that the share of housing units that include parking is in turn correlated with the stringency of parking requirements. Compared with Los Angeles, New York shifts less of the cost of driving into its housing market. We further show that within New York City, a 10% increase in minimum parking requirements is associated with a 5% increase in vehicles per square mile, a 4% increase in vehicles per person, and a 6% reduction in both population density and housing density. These relationships remain even after controlling for street layout and proximity to the subway.     

Is Urban Sprawl Good for Minorities?

This article investigates the effect of urban sprawl, as measured by employment decentralization, on minority housing consumption gaps since the housing bust. Previous research contends that sprawl contributes to reducing the Black–White housing consumption gap by increasing the supply of land in housing markets and thereby increasing affordability. Antisprawl policies may therefore exacerbate the Black–White housing disparity. This research makes two contributions to the literature. First, the article examines how changes in sprawl may have varying influences on the Black–White housing gap, a previously unexamined facet of this relationship. In the vast majority of metropolitan areas in this sample, sprawl is predicted to exacerbate the Black–White housing gap until sprawl reaches a threshold. Only in a limited number of high-sprawl metropolitan areas does sprawl contribute to reducing the Black–White housing gap. Second, the article examines differences in housing gaps for three distinct minority groups—Blacks, Asians, and Hispanics—using recent data from the 2009 American Housing Survey. For Blacks, sprawl continues to have varying effects on housing consumption. For Asians, urban sprawl yields significant gains in housing consumption relative to Whites. However, no significant results occur for Hispanics. This article demonstrates that the independent effect of urban sprawl on U.S. minority housing consumption is a highly uneven process in the post–Great Recession economy. As such, arguments that antisprawl policies reduce minority gains in housing should be treated with considerable skepticism.     

土地储备库里的权利辨

土地储备库里存有国有土地所有权,但无建设用地使用权,更无宅基地使用权、土地承包经营权以及地役权,也不应该有债权性质的土地权利。该国有土地所有权并不归属于土地储备机构,而归国家享有。     

农村土地征收补偿法律制度的完善

当前我国农村土地征收补偿法律制度存在诸多缺陷,导致失地农民合法权益遭受严重侵害。我国土地征收补偿应以公平为原则,按市场价格进行补偿,补偿以实际发生的物质损失为限。通过村民自治权和履行民主程序解决补偿费的分配问题。     

The Perils of Bula Matari: Constraint and Power in the Colonial State

This review article argues that analyses of the food security implications of emerging powers in Africa could be strengthened through foregrounding the issue of perspective. Researchers working in this area should engage with food security opinion contests, and avoid obscuring these debates moving forward.     

基于亚欧融合和支线陆桥一体化双重背景下中蒙俄的差趋性分析

面对持续低迷的欧盟经济,以中国为主导的亚洲经济却飞速发展,为了弥补亚欧贸易和投资的失衡,必须加强亚欧的经济联系,不断提升亚欧经济融合度。为了加强欧盟与东北亚的紧密合作,以锦赤白铁路为契机,构建亚欧支线陆桥,是构成东北亚经济一体化和亚欧经济融合的基础和前提。通过分析沿桥国家的差异性和趋同性,建立利益协调机制,以实现区域经济的可持续发展。     

加快农村集体建设用地管理制度创新探析

伴随中国城镇化迅猛发展,大中城市周边集体建设用地已经成为城镇化的主要区域。全国各地的集体建设用地流转试验为新型城镇化背景下转变增长方式、完善土地管理机制提供了宝贵经验。该文在总结各地集体建设用地流转试验基础上,提出在大中城市周边区域率先建立统一的集体建设用地流转制度,促进城市周边区域经济社会统筹协调发展的目标,并就完善集体经济组织主体地位,发挥政府引导、协调、管理和监督职能,鼓励、扶持产业支撑,深化城镇社会保障和就业体制改革,加快公共服务均等化改革和城乡综合管理体制创新等问题提出具体建议。