征地补偿法律问题研究

随着社会生产力的发展,工业化进程的推进,我国的城市化和城镇化的进程也已经开始加速。城镇化遇到的首要问题就是征地问题。然而,失地农民在征地过程中却得不到相应合理的补偿,自身合法利益经常遭受侵害。文章在研究现阶段征地补偿的现状基础上,从法律视角分析了征地补偿诸多问题产生的原因,并提出了相应的立法建议。     

论集体土地所有权的缺陷及其完善措施

本文以农村经济市场化为背景 ,总结和分析了我国现行集体土地所有权存在的缺陷 ,提出了完善集体土地所有权的基本思路以及明确界定农民集体组织、完善土地征用制度并赋予村农民集体土地取回权等具体的集体土地所有权完善措施。     

Adivasiness as Caste Expression and Land Rights Claim-Making in Central-Eastern India

ABSTRACT

The adivasi population represents a special case in India’s new land wars. Strong individual and community rights to agricultural and forest lands have been enacted for this group based on notions of adivasi identities as primeval, but without linking these to economic and political influence. This article interrogates the adivasi land question seen through a caste lens. It does so via case studies in two states to understand the ways in which adivasi identity can be mobilised for its instrumental value and used to demand land rights. In Andhra Pradesh, the Supreme Court’s Samatha Judgement has prevented virtually all private mining activities. In Jharkhand, however, similar legislation is seen to be trumped by the national Coal Bearing Areas Act, as well as by former and current land acquisition acts that allow industrial land claims to take precedence over identity-based ones. Available evidence indicates the challenges involved in bringing support for land rights that are premised on a supposedly unchanging adivasi identity when these rights go against dominant interests. This circumstance serves to highlight the possibilities present in caste analysis to understand the plight of adivasis, despite their usually distinct treatment in scholarly analyses.     

The Politics of Caste in India’s New Land Wars

ABSTRACT

In this article we introduce the special issue through framing the debate on the role of caste in India’s current land wars. We draw attention to how caste consistently mediates land transfers in present day India by pre-empting, undermining, or fuelling processes of social contestation, as well as the ways in which land claims in turn shape realigned or reimagined caste identities. Based on this, we make three main arguments. The first and most obvious one is that in contemporary conflicts over land, caste matters in evolving ways that deserve attention. Second, we argue that caste and land are recursively linked categories that are produced and reproduced in continuous interaction, even as multi-scalar political economies (re)shape them. And third, that different registers of caste are articulated by different social groups in more or less overt ways as they stake often competing claims to land.     

Zimbabwe’s transition overload: an interpretation

ABSTRACT

The article argues that to understand the troubled history of Zimbabwe we have to pay attention to the multiple and incomplete ‘transitions’ that the country underwent within three decades. Each of these transitions was probably inevitable and the trajectory they followed may be the right one for each of the transitions. However, the transitions in Zimbabwe were intertwined in a not always mutually supportive way. Indeed, we also argue that eventually, Zimbabwe suffered from a ‘transition overload’ as the many transitions undermined or confounded each other. The article is also a caution against the preoccupation of individuals in Zimbabwean history. Finally, there are some lessons for post-conflict countries that are often faced with wide-ranging agenda that often include externally imposed items.     

土地犯罪研究

土地犯罪的立法缘起于经济迅猛发展之下的深刻土地危机及保护土地的特殊需要。土地资源是人类生产和生活不可替代的物质基础,是国脉所系,民生所系的“生命线”。土地犯罪是对社会根本利益的侵犯,是对我们生命线的破坏。惩治土地犯罪是现实的呼唤,历史的必然。修订后的《刑法》及《土地管理法》增设了土地犯罪及其刑事责任的规定,完善了土地法律责任体系,对合理利用和有效保护我们稀缺的土地资源具有不可估量的现实意义,现实迫切需要深化土地犯罪的理论研究,以指导法律的准确运用。     

论我国农垦橡胶产业土地制度的完善——以海南农垦为例

我国农垦中的橡胶产业改革已经进行多年,取得了很大成绩,但还存在着一定的问题。本文以海南农垦中的橡胶产业土地制度改革为例,对橡胶土地制度存在的问题进行剖析。以期进一步完善橡胶产业土地制度,实现土地资源的有效配置。     

论农村土地资源再分配的经济法调整——以北京市海淀区的农村城市化进程为例

我国农村土地资源再分配的过程受国家公共权力部门的直接调节。目前农村土地资源再分配过程中存在着角色冲突、利益冲突和规范冲突三方面的问题。经济法作为利益资源和权利的再分配书,具有维权性和控权性特点。要实现对农村土地资源再分配过程中的国家调节,并保证调整的结果具有公正性、稳定性和权威性,就亟需借助经济法的作用。     

征地纠纷之解决机制研究

伴随着中国城市化、工业化水平迅速提高,征地纠纷问题早已成为一个复杂社会问题。要预防和解决征地纠纷,必须对征地纠纷的发生原因进行全面的分析,并在此基础上,从征地目的、征地程序、征地纠纷解决方式等几方面对征地及征地纠纷法律制度进行重构。