科斯定理在侵权法制定中的应用

科斯定理认为 ,交易成本的高低对权利规则的制定起着决定性作用。如果交易成本较低 ,权利的原始配置就不会影响太大 ,因为当事人会自行重置 ;但在交易成本较高的情况下 ,一般会保持权利的原始配置状态。科斯定理不仅是经济学原理 ,在侵权法领域也大有作为。     

对一项社区警务活动的成本分析

社区警务作为一种全新的公安民警服务理念,它要求公安机关为社区提供优质、高效的服务。为此,面向社区的基层公安机关不得不思考警务活动的成本问题。文章正是通过对一项社区警务活动的成本分析入手,为警务管理工作提供选择的方案,从而为提高警务工作的效率提出有益的建言。     

浅谈政府组织行政成本及其控制

随着我国市场经济体制改革进入“深水区”,政府行政体制改革也进入实质性阶段。然而政府组织行政费用支出过大,行政管理成本居高不下是困扰我国政府行政体制改革的最大问题之一。而解决的最佳出路在于塑造“企业化”的政府。     

政府行政成本比较研究

政府行政成本问题一直是党和政府高度重视的问题，但无论是纵向比较还是横向比较，目前我国政府行政成本偏高都是不争的事实。通过与发达国家、发展中国家及金砖国家相关资料的对比。给我国政府管理带来的启示是：增强成本效益观念和纳税人意识，构建“企业化政府”，强化预算刚性约束。加强事前事中监督。是降低政府行政成本的有效措施。     

Japan's peacekeeping policy: Strategic calculation or internalization of an international norm?

Abstract

With the Gulf War as a trigger, Japan began to make a humanitarian contribution by dispatching the Self Defense Forces to United Nations peacekeeping operations. Given Japan's strong hesitation for participation in the past, Japan's peacekeeping policy presents an intriguing challenge to examine the factors for a preference change and sustained compliance. By investigating Japan's peacekeeping policies towards East Timor and Haiti, this article examines how Japan's behavior and preferences were influenced by either internalized norms or cost/benefit calculations. While norm-driven behavior is considered to be incompatible with strategic calculated behavior, the article demonstrates that these two factors can co-exist.     

Paying to Be Punished: A Statutory Analysis of Sex Offender Registration Fees

Over the last 20 years, sex offender policies, specifically in terms of community corrections, have increased in scope. One of the most controversial and pervasive sex offender policies is that of registration. In response to the consumption of already limited resources, jurisdictions have imposed increasingly higher community supervision fees onto the offenders, requiring them to pay for their own re-entry. However, to date no research study has examined the statutory language associated with registration fees collected post release from formal community sanctions. Using a statutory analysis within the United States, this research finds and quantifies the imposition of a registration fee on offenders who are legally compelled to pay these registration costs, regardless of whether they are still currently under community supervision. Results show that more than half of U.S. states (n?=?28) incorporate statutory language authorizing registration fees, ranging anywhere from $5 per registration to up to $250 per year. These findings, as well as suggestions for future research and policy recommendations, are discussed.     

Why Are Some States More Generous in Offering R&D Tax Credits than Others? An Empirical Answer

This article examines political cost factors that affect a state's propensity to adopt a corporate income tax credit to encourage research and development (R&D) activities in the United States. Assuming state elected officials are vote-maximizers, this article hypothesizes that politicians' consideration of potential revenue losses and influence from organized interests are critical in a state's decision to provide a R&D tax credit. To test the hypothesis, two statistical models are specified. With a dichotomous dependent variable of whether or not a R&D tax credit is offered, a Logit regression model is utilized. For the interval level dependent variable of effective R&D credit rates, this article specifies a Tobit model. The results show that politicians' concerns about revenue losses loom much larger than private organized interests.     

A Balanced Budget with Side Effects—A Case Study of Implementation of a Hospital Cost Savings Program in Sweden

This study examines the implementation of a hospital cost savings program in a Swedish county hospital to understand how and why a downsizing intervention works and what outcomes it produces. Data were gathered from interviews and documents. Substantial differences were found among the healthcare professionals’ perceptions of the downsizing process. These diverse perceptions likely limited the scope of staffs’ participation and innovations of new savings strategies. Our findings stress the need for impact analyses addressing both intended aims and unintended side effects. Full attention should be paid to communication processes required to establish a trustful and committed change climate.     

浅议单位治安防范成本与效益

内保单位如何处理防范成本与效益的关系不仅影响到单位整体经济效益,而且影响社会治安稳定。当前,单位内保工作中存在的一个突出问题是,一些单位负责人未能正确认识防范成本与效益的关系,防范投入不足与结构不合理。公安机关应当加强指导与监督,促进单位逐渐走上防范成本与防范效益良性循环的可持续发展之路。     

论赌博罪的完善——法经济学的视角

我国刑法已明确地将赌博作为一种犯罪进行处罚.但由于我国法律没有很好地考虑刑罚的效率性和经济性,在赌博犯罪立法上还存在着一定的缺陷和漏洞.通过法经济学方法,对赌博犯罪立法的正当性和效率性进行分析,提出完善我国赌博犯罪立法的建议.