车辆接触相对运动关系的判断

作者结合实际研究了交通事故或涉车案件中,如何判断两车是否接触、接触时的相对运动关系等问题,总结了两种较有效的判断方法。     

论尼泊尔与印度的关系及其发展趋势

君主制时期,尼泊尔同印度的关系绕着“控制与反控制”展开。尼泊尔建立联邦民主共和国后,政治外交政策也显示出和以往不同的灵活性,主动发展与印度的关系。普拉昌达政府旗帜鲜明地提出了发展独立自主的外交政策的政治观点,内帕尔政府从要求得到更多的经济发展自主权的角度,向印度的“控制”政策提出了反抗。     

Attachment Styles, Conflict Perception, and Adolescents' Strategies of Coping with Interpersonal Conflict

In this study, we examined the relationships between and among adolescents' attachment styles, conflict perceptions, and strategies for coping with conflicts with their peers. The study participants were 146 pupils at a junior high school who completed self-report questionnaires about their attachment styles (secure, anxious, or avoidant), conflict coping styles (avoiding, dominating, obliging, compromising, and integrating), and conflict perceptions (positive or negative), as well as social and academic status and the frequency with which they and their friends were involved in conflicts.
We found strong, statistically significant correlations between attachment style, coping strategy, and conflict perception. Generally, participants whose secure attachment scores were higher reported that they held more positive attitudes toward conflict, used more cooperative strategies to cope with conflicts, and were involved in conflicts less often; they also seemed to be less obliging and more dominating in their coping strategies. Avoidant attachment adolescents in our study displayed more negative conflict perceptions and made greater use of dominating strategies.
We also found that participants' conflict perceptions mediated the relationship between their attachment styles and coping styles. Because it is generally easier to change attitudes than it is to change attachment styles, which are more fixed, our findings suggest that changing adolescents' conflict perceptions, through school curricula, for example, may be an effective way to improve their ability to cope with conflict.     

Is it really performance that is measured？ A reflection of the South African Government＇s performance management system

The institutionalisation of performance management in the South African public service is a post-1994 intervention necessitated by the need to counteract the legacy of poor performance in public service institutions. Performance management as an integrated system is not a standalone intervention, but has direct links with other organisational processes. At both the micro- and macro-levels, PMS （performance management system） recognises institutional performance relationships between individuals＇, teams＇ and departments＇ performance contributions for attaining government performance targets. These institutional performance relationships in the South African public service have attracted excessive attention, whilst their performance impact in communities has been overlooked. In addition, the interdependence between the dichotomies of PMS： institutional performance relationships and performance impact have also been overlooked. In the South African context, this condition creates a disparity in terms of which government employees are rewarded for outstanding performance, whilst targeted beneficiaries express dissatisfaction, often with violent protests, over government＇s performance in the delivery of basic services. The protestors cite poor service delivery in prioritised key performance areas of the South African Government. The granting of performance rewards to government employees is an expression of performance excellence, which should translate into quality service delivery. Such delivery should not only meet the levels of service delivery expectations of targeted communities, but should also result in their total satisfaction. The article is founded on the basis that any disparity between targeted beneficiaries＇ service expectations and level of satisfaction can be linked directly to government progress in PMS implementation.     

中美关系新阶段中的战略“失语”与战略稳定探索

过去几年,中美关系从国际体系内的霸权国家与国际体系外的相对较弱国家之间的关系,演变为国际体系内的守成强国与崛起强国之间的关系。这种变化导致中美关系告别了过去四十余年的"接触—融入"战略框架。中美关系进入新阶段后,两国需要一个双方都可接受的、新的战略稳定框架,以确保中美关系的长期稳定。然而,由于种种原因,两国迄今尚未能形成可以为两国关系实践提供战略指导的新框架与新论述。美国方面出现了以亚太政策代替中国政策等问题;中国方面提出的"新型大国关系"概念也未能获得美方很好地理解与接受。因此,过去几年中美关系进入一个缺乏宏观战略共识指引的新时期。这是过去几年中美关系中的竞争面、消极面日益凸显的重要原因。让人鼓舞的是,中美两国领导人在危机管控、全球议题合作等领域,正在以逐案处理的方式,为两国摸索新的利益边界。这种探索或许能够导致中美两国形成新的稳定框架,其产生的"正能量"与中美结构性矛盾自然产生的"负能量"之间的"竞赛"将决定未来一段时间内中美关系的移动方向。不过,两国领导人的这种尝试未来也将面临美国政治周期变化等不确定因素的影响。     

论事实劳动关系——兼谈《劳动合同法(草案)》相关条款的完善

书面劳动合同形式不应该成为事实劳动关系的有效要件,而应该是证明要件.在我国正在制订的<劳动合同法>中,应规定用人单位负有签订书面劳动合同的基本义务和承担违背该义务的法律责任,并规定签订合同的期限,而且在认定劳动关系时应采用举证责任倒置原则.     

依附皇权:明清时期徽商的兴衰及其启示

徽商在明清时期堪称中国第一大商帮。徽商的崛起与其精心构建依附型政商关系的战略选择是分不开的。结交权贵、重金买官、送女联姻、行贿寻租、为君分忧、资助寒门是徽商依附皇权官僚阶级的主要策略。在依附皇权得势之后,徽商又通过贱买贵卖、排挤同行、垄断经营等手段攫取巨额利益。然而随着时代的变化及利益输送链条的断裂,徽商与皇权的依附关系终究还是破裂了。徽商的兴衰史对于构建新型政商关系具有重要的启示意义:企业方面,应该更多地把重心放在提高核心竞争力上,坚持合法经营,不搞钱权交易和利益输送;政府方面,应该减少行政权力对市场的干预,进一步转变政府职能,优化营商环境,提高公共服务能力;长远来看,最重要的还是完善法治建设,培育新型的政商互动文化。     

对西部地区构建和谐民族关系的政治学思考

和谐的民族关系是社会主义和谐社会的重要内容。目前民族关系的不和谐主要表现为西部民族地区日益凸现和增多的各民族间矛盾和纠纷。从政治学论域出发,分析民族关系不和谐的表现,建立民族关系和谐发展的政治机制是实现民族地区政治发展与现代化的当务之急。     

环境行政公益诉讼的原告资格探析

环境利益是社会公共利益,随着经济的发展,环境问题日趋严重,行政机关的行政行为侵犯公众环境权的事例在现实生活中屡屡发生,建立健全环境行政公益诉讼制度成为当务之急,对于保护环境公益,推动行政权法制化有重要意义。构建原告资格及制定相应的制度,赋予公民、社会团体、检察院提起环境行政诉讼的权利,是建立环境行政公益诉讼的重要内容。     

发挥网络媒体优势建立良性互动的警察公共关系

利用网络媒体建立警察公共关系是一种大胆尝试,是对传统公共关系的有益补充和发展。网络技术能够改善现有警察公共关系的信息基础;网络技术能够提高公关人员的素质;网络媒体是一种新型的警民沟通渠道,它能够最大限度地实现信息对称和警民互动;网络媒体有可能带来双赢警察公共关系。