职业病的防治重在政府担责

职业病危害已经成为中国目前一个重大的公共卫生问题和社会问题。但我国政府在职业病防治方面还存在不足之处,主要原因有政府职能划分不清、防治监管缺位等等。“十一五”时期服务型政府应是公共产品和服务的提供者、良好社会环境的创造者、广大人民群众利益的维护者。职业病防治的重任需政府来分担,政府应积极采取措施加强职业病的防治。     

高知女性、生育与职业发展——以上海市21位女性为例

本文通过对上海21位高知女性的深入访谈,发现高等教育虽然给予女性一定职业自主权和较好的职业发展机会,但经历"生育"这个生命事件之后,她们的职业机会、职业角色和职业理想都发生了重大变化,文章从个人、组织和社会性别文化三个层面来分析变化的原因,探讨生育与知识女性职业发展的关系,并以此为基础,对当前的性别文化进行分析并提出建议。     

农民工工伤保险分析

在对农民工工伤保险立法及其实施状况进行分析的基础上，指出当前的农民工工伤保险存在着诸如覆盖范围较窄、费率确定不尽合理、保险基金收支不平衡、重赔付轻预防等问题。为促进农民工工伤保险的进一步健康可持续发展，建议加大对政策的宣传力度，建立科学有效的费率机制，加大对工伤保险基金的管理，加强工伤保险与工伤预防相结合，健全法制建设。     

农民工权利保障的缺失及救济——以职业健康权为例

农民工是具有农村户口身份而在城镇务工的劳动者,兼有农民与工人二者的双重身份。从法学的角度看,农民工的重要特征是权利贫困。目前,我国农民工的职业健康权受到严重侵害",开胸验肺"事件即是典型例证。我国职业病防治体制的罅漏成为制约农民工维权的关键因素,亟待解决。     

我国金融保险业发展对职业结构的影响

我国金融保险业的快速发展促使了职业结构的快速变化,职业种类、职业人数以及技能要求都发生变化。产业结构、制度和劳动力素质是影响职业结构的主要因素。     

律师执业风险防范初探

本文将律师执业风险总结为信誉风险、职业风险、经济风险 ;对三种风险相应提出了诉讼谋略、制度完善以及责任保险的对策。值得提示的是 :笔者在本文中并未囿于常识对律师执业风险防范的理解 ,而是提出了颇有见地的观点 ,例如对责任风险不能仅以投保化解等等     

Measuring and explaining the marriage boom in the developed world

Using aggregated data from 25 developed countries over a lengthy period of time, this article presents a measure of the marriage boom observed in the twentieth century and an explanation for its causes. One of my main conclusions is that even though it basically developed after the Second World War, its origins are to be found before it. I found that, contrary to the views of some scholars, this boom was not a short-lived phenomenon, but actually lasted for 90 years on average. Using panel data analysis techniques, I am able to show that the rise in women’s education, state spending on social benefits, and larger percentages of people employed in the primary sector tended to discourage marriage. I also found a quadratic relationship between the nuptiality index and the per capita income and mortality rates.     

福利国家模式、职业结构与不平等原因

福特主义工业社会向后福特主义服务经济的转变，赋予各类福利国家诸多新特征。从职业分层来看，经济服务化过程中大量专业岗位的创造及其对熟练技能的需求，使得教育以及其他社会政策，越来越成为推动阶层流动的决定力量。从收入分布来看，全球化、去管制化、去工业化与老龄化、经济服务化、城市化的叠加，使得福利国家模式普遍呈现出收入极化或不平等，中产衰退的迹象也比较明显。效率公平权衡的努力，进一步加剧了福利国家模式分化。鉴于高度现代化过程中不断出现的困难和挑战，产业均衡发展，经济政策与社会政策协调，构成稳妥推进共同富裕的重要基础。     

论澳门雇员职业安全健康意识与职业意外的关系

职业意外不仅对雇员的身体健康和生命安全造成直接威胁,而且还会严重影响发生职业意外雇员的家庭生活.为防止职业意外的发生,政府应在依法进行监管,提高雇主的重视程度,在确保工作场所安全的基础上,还应提高雇员的职业安全意识.     

How regulations undervalue occupational fatalities

The U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration establishes incentives for safety by setting and enforcing regulatory standards. Using four and a half decades of inspection data, this article provides a comprehensive analysis of the factors underpinning penalties following fatalities. The “fatality premium” for regulatory violations following a worker death is quite modest and is several orders of magnitude below the value-of-a-statistical-life figure needed to establish efficient levels of deterrence in the absence of all other financial incentives. Although there are low statutory caps on penalties, only 8% of the penalties for violations involving fatalities are constrained by the cap, suggesting that current statutes establish norms for reasonable penalty amounts. In situations involving a fatality at firms with union representation during the inspection, the enforcement sanctions are more stringent. Fatalities involving migrant laborers are less heavily penalized.