对建立公安民警网络教育训练体系的探讨

有鉴于当前公安民警教育训练缺乏统一规划和针对性、时效性以及严重脱离现实实践的现状,应适应网络教育技术发展的新形势,以公安信息网为依托,建立新型的公安民警网络教育训练体系,有效解决目前教育训练中存在的问题,为建立以“数字化警察”为目标的信息共享和综合利用创造条件。     

Online Dispute Resolution and Bargaining

The automated negotiation process seems to be a powerful mechanism to resolve disputes arising from Internet-based transactions. Automated negotiation is an online blind-bidding process in which an automated algorithm evaluates bids from the parties and settles the case if the offers are within a prescribed range. Following the arguments of the dispute resolution professionals, the main advantage of this procedure is to promote natural agreements by restoring the parties' right to negotiate on their own, without the presence of a third party in the shadow of negotiations. Our purpose is to investigate this issue by modelling the automated negotiation process as a two-person bargaining game under incomplete information. A first result states that, given incomplete information, not all mutually beneficial agreements can be attained via the procedure. Furthermore, the settlement rule has a drastic effect on the players' strategies, which induces that the automated negotiation process does not significantly increase the likelihood of a settlement. The ability of the procedure to generate efficiency is only due to the costs imposed on parties if a disagreement occurs, that is the combination of players' risk aversion and uncertainty.     

Passage to cyberactivism: how dynamics of activism change

The boost to activism to which the internet has largely contributed has been underlined by financial and image issues growing from hacker attacks and the online promotion of activist groups. Emergency corporate counteractions with regard to these cyber threats have not analysed this new phenomenon. The state of the research in this area has consistently remained at the period before the development and widespread use of the internet. Cyberactivism, therefore, is a cyber phenomenon without a clear meaning or a clear definition. In order to understand cyberactivism, it is important to understand that it is much more than simply about hacking and activists' online promotion. It is a new phenomenon, growing out of activism but changing the pressure on corporations. With the internet, new dynamics of issue selection have been established and a different aggregation within groups has taken place. A new organisational set‐up among activist groups puts new pressure on corporations, which must develop new strategies concerning online rules. Cyber actions are originated by individuals triggering a spontaneous relationship between many users. The pressure is no longer the result of a long aggregation into association, but of an immediate and spontaneous network of relationships. Copyright © 2003 Henry Stewart Publications     

网络视频教学资源建设与大学生科学精神的培养

我国高等院校学生接触的多是具体的学科知识和技能,很少获得系统的科学教育。网络视频教学节目在设计时可以从节目形式、选题、创作手法等几个方面实现科学精神的传播;同时引导大学生参与视频资源创作,培养他们理性怀疑、积极求证、多元思考、平权争论、宽容激励等科学意识,以潜移默化地将科学精神根植于学生心中。     

网购恶意申请退款行为的刑法定性

第三方支付在便利人们生活的同时,也带来了犯罪手段的升级,典型的如网购中利用淘宝系统的规则恶意申请退款的行为。对于吴某网购恶意申请退款行为的刑法定性,理论上出现了四种观点:盗窃罪、侵占罪、诈骗罪与合同诈骗罪。该案之所以复杂是因为涉及第三方支付平台和购物系统智能化,导致对沉淀资金的权属和占有以及购物系统默认自动退款行为等问题的理解存在较大分歧,对此,应当正确厘清这些问题,从而将吴某的行为认定为盗窃罪。     

Do Online Ads Influence Vote Choice?

Do online ads influence vote choice? We partner with a German party to evaluate the effectiveness of online ads using a cluster-randomized experiment. During the 2016 Berlin state election, 189 postal districts were randomly assigned to (a) emotional ads; (b) factual ads; or (c) no ads. Analyzing electoral results at the postal district level, we find that the overall campaign weakly increased the party’s vote share by 0.7 percentage points (p-value = 0.155). We also estimate a negative effect of the campaign on the vote share of the party’s main competitors of 1.4 percentage points (p-value = 0.094). Turning to the mechanism of persuasion, we find that the factual ads, if anything, fared slightly better than the emotional ads. Our evidence thus provides tentative support that online ads positively affect vote choice.     

The Political Significance of Social Media Activity and Social Networks

This paper examines panel data from two waves of the Youth Participatory Politics Survey, a nationally representative sample of young people in the United States. It employs a cross-lagged design to investigate the extent to which common forms of online activity create pathways to online and offline forms of political activity. Specifically, we examine the influence of Friendship-Driven (FD) and Interest-Driven (ID) online activity on online participatory politics and on offline forms of political action. Our findings reveal that FD and ID activity relate to political engagement, but in different ways. In addition, we find that the size of young people’s social networks interacts with both FD and ID online activity to promote political activity. This indicates that having exposure to “weak-ties” (resulting from large social networks) promote higher levels of political engagement. These findings demonstrate the need to specify the kinds of online activities in which youth are engaged and, more broadly, the political significance of social media and social networks     

Common Ground for Action Software and Professional Development to Support Online Deliberation in Classrooms

The Common Ground for Action (CGA) online deliberation platform is a dynamic tool designed to encourage diverse group members to identify collective responses to deeply controversial or “wicked” public problems that have no simple solution. The program promotes authentic deliberation, while minimizing the tactics of horse-trading and negotiating. We detail the structure of the CGA platform, including how deliberative talk is encouraged, outline a sample assignment that can be used with CGA, and professional training offered to faculty and Teaching Assistants.     

Role of Social Media in the 2016 Iowa Caucuses

Social media have become an indispensable tool in modern political campaigns, yet little is known about their impact, especially at the important primary and caucus stages of the US presidential elections. This study investigates the effects of visiting political party and candidate websites as well as following presidential candidates, posting political comments, and liking or sharing political content on social media on participation in the primary stage of the 2016 US election. The results of a precaucus survey in Iowa show that active use of social media tends to have positive effects, while passive social media use has a negative impact on likelihood of caucus attendance. Recommendations for campaigns include redirecting attention away from passive website viewing and developing social media content that will generate likes and shares.     

数字“代工”：网络文学写手的另类劳动实践及其隐忧

随着网络文学平台的兴起,依托于平台的网络文学写作逐步发展成为一种新型职业形态。网文公司出现,并嵌入到网络文学生产过程中,重构了网络文学的生产逻辑。受雇于网络文学公司的续写作者,类似于传统工厂外包的数字“代工”,他们的劳动实践存在“概念”与“执行”和“作家”与“作品”的双重分离,正是这种另类的劳动实践使得续写作者成为网络文学生产过程中的“幽灵劳工”。网络写作的灵活性、工作自由的乌托邦幻象和劳动公平交易的表征,使得网络文学写手甘愿加入努力码字的续写作者队伍中。但是这一切并不能掩盖续写作者付出与回报的不对等,且处于权益受损和向上流动受阻的双重困境之中。