Housing vouchers in the United States,great Britain,and the Netherlands: Current issues and future perspectives

Abstract

We compare the current U.S. housing voucher program with the British housing benefit and the Dutch housing allowance programs. After presenting the theory behind income‐related housing support, which underpins both the U.S. and European systems, we compare the three programs with respect to their scope (the budgeted versus the entitlement approach), the relationship between housing support and rent levels, the poverty trap, moral hazards, and administrative problems.

The United States can learn from Great Britain and the Netherlands that a full entitlement program can best promote equity, but given the present political and economic climate, it is unlikely that Congress will adopt such a program anytime soon. Great Britain and the Netherlands can learn from the United States how to design a more efficient tenant subsidy program, one that provides incentives to find less expensive units and promotes family self‐sufficiency through enhanced job‐seeking behavior.     

Using housing vouchers to move to the suburbs: How do families fare?

Abstract

When families with Section 8 housing vouchers move from inner‐city communities to the suburbs, are they more likely to move to neighborhoods with higher socioeconomic status and to perceive improvements in housing and neighborhood conditions than those who make local moves or those who first move to the suburbs but then return to the central city? Both crosstabular and logistic regression analysis are applied to a telephone interview sample of 300 Section 8 voucher recipients in Oakland and Berkeley, CA.

As predicted, compared with the other two groups, suburban‐bound movers were more likely to move to neighborhoods with higher socioeconomic status and to experience better residential conditions, even when relevant background characteristics were controlled. Furthermore, few suburban‐bound movers experienced adjustment problems with neighbors or landlords, and their children quickly and smoothly adjusted to their new schools. The implications of these results for the Section 8 housing voucher program are discussed.     

China＇s Diet and Health Maintenance

正IF you turn on the TV at 5 p.m.in China,you will find a multitude of programs about diet and health maintenance,and such programs are becoming increasingly popular.The high audience rating of these shows in China is far above what is expected in France for the same type of program,despite its own culinary global influence.Among the best-known Chinese food programs,which are well received by all ages of the population,are Hubei Satellite TV’s Gourmet,CCTV International’s Traditional Chinese Medicine(usually ranked fi rst among health programs),Hunan Satellite TV’s Encyclopedia(presented sometimes by foreigners,and often occupies second place in national audience ratings),as well as BTV’s Yangshengtang(health maintenance lecture).Many of these programs are sponsored by brands of medicines or tonic foods,a mark of their great inf luence.     

体育赛事节目著作权保护探究

2020年《著作权法》第三次修改后,我国知识产权法学界并未停止对体育赛事直播画面作品属性问题的争论.体育赛事直播画面的作品属性认定问题会影响到体育赛事节目的保护模式和路径选择.虽然体育赛事本身不是著作权法意义上的作品,但这并不影响体育赛事直播画面的作品属性构成.2021年6月1日以后,对于符合作品构成要件的体育赛事节目可以认定为视听作品.对于不符合作品构成要件的体育赛事节目可以考虑用《著作权法》(2020)最新修订的广播组织权予以保护.至于反不正当竞争法对体育赛事节目的保护,是我国《著作权法》第三次修改之前的权宜之计,反不正当竞争扩展保护的限度应该是明确的,不能无限度将反不正当竞争法的扩展保护适用于所有的知识产权领域.     

An Examination of Strategies for the Prevention of Gender-Based Violence at Four-Year Institutions of Higher Education

ABSTRACT

Although gender-based violence prevention programs at institutions of higher education (IHEs) are mandated by federal legislation, research focusing on the prevalence or content of programming is limited. The present exploratory research examines campus websites for a nationally representative sample of Title IX eligible IHEs that offer at least a four-year degree (n = 389), assessing whether IHEs offer prevention programs and whether programs include information cited in federal legislation or adhere to best practices. Differences in programming are also examined across IHE types. Results demonstrate that most IHEs report offering prevention pro- grams (86%), but that differences do exist across IHE type: 97% of public nonprofit IHEs report programming compared to 46% of tribal institutions. Disparities also exist across IHE types regarding the content of programming. Results highlight the need to advance prevention programming to better align with “what works” in prevention science or what is expected by federal legislation.     

The Effect of IMF Programs on Women’s Economic and Political Rights

Though much research has been devoted to the socioeconomic and political consequences of International Monetary Fund (IMF) programs for recipient countries, little is known about the impacts of these programs on the level of respect for women’s rights. We postulate that IMF-induced policy reforms of privatization and public spending cuts, and the growing political repression and instability following the implementation of IMF programs, undermine the government’s ability and willingness to protect women’s economic and political rights. To substantiate the theoretical claims, we combine data on women’s political and economic rights with data on IMF programs for the years 1981–2004. Our findings suggest that IMF involvement is likely to deteriorate the level of respect for women’s economic rights while having no discernible effect on women’s political rights. The results further indicate that the effect of these programs is not conditioned by political regime type and economic wealth of recipient countries. One major policy implication of our findings is that the IMF should start to recognize that the conditions attached to lending programs might be implemented at the expense of women’s economic rights and that more explicit protections of women’s rights need to be included in program negotiations.     

论网络直播体育赛事节目的著作权法规制

体育赛事节目日益创造出巨大的经济价值,在新媒体市场蓬勃发展的今天,利用信息网络直播体育赛事节目,侵犯其知识产权的行为屡禁不止。各地法院对于体育赛事节目的性质认定并不一致,导致采用的保护方式不尽相同。对《著作权法》的体系化解读认为,体育赛事节目性质为录像制品,应该用邻接权进行保护。未来的著作权法要以权利整合为立法路径,创设向公众传播权,以更好地应对技术变革带来的挑战。     

All hat and no cattle: How house bill 2926 paves the way for progress in the reinstatement of parental rights,but falls short of providing parents with an accessible resource

Texas' foster care system is overpopulated, underfunded, and doing a grave disservice to the children in its care. Specifically, the foster care system is violating the constitutional rights of children regarding how they must be taken care of while in the State's custody. Parents whose custodial rights were involuntarily terminated now have a clear path for petitioning to regain their rights thanks to Texas House Bill 2926. Much of House Bill 2926's value is lost in the legalese used to write it, which is the problem my proposed solution, The 2926 Project, aims to remedy.     

Outcomes from Referring Batterer Program Participants to Mental Health Treatment

A quasi-experimental study was conducted to investigate the impact of referral to supplemental mental health treatment for batterer program participants who screened positive for mental health problems. The principal outcome measure was re-assault reported during a periodic 12-month follow-up with female partners (n = 308). Batterer program completion and other abuse indicators were also considered. Mandatory court referral to mental health treatment produced no significant improvement in batterer program completion, re-assault and other abuse indicators. These results may be influenced by the low compliance to the referral, since the select number of men who did comply with a mental health evaluation (n = 48 of 148) and those who received treatment (n = 28 of 148) did better than those who did not. Simplified referral procedures or integrated treatment services might prove to be a more effective approach.