论刑事被害人的心理损害及其援助

刑事被害人的心理损害是被害人心理学的一个重要研究课题，但由于受到当前以预防犯罪为主的刑事政策的影响，这一课题一直没有得到应有的重视。刑事被害人心理损害有明确的范围，分析研究其产生形成的原因和表现症状，在此基础上，提出制定相应的被害人援助方案。     

PARENT PSYCHOEDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS AND REDUCING THE NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF INTERPARENTAL CONFLICT FOLLOWING DIVORCE

This article reviews psychoeducational programs to reduce interparental conflict in divorcing families and the negative impact of conflict on children. The authors initially identify factors shown in the basic psychosocial research literature to be related to the effects of interparental conflict on children. They then review the content of programs currently being delivered and evaluate the evidence from well-controlled studies concerning their effectiveness. Finally, the article considers directions for future program development and evaluation.     

电视节目内容分析系统的设计与应用

目前国际上在电视分析内容方面的研究已经进入了自动化进程领域。电视节目内容分析和单纯的文本分析有着本质的不同。就内容分析库的建立来说,单从学术研究角度看,这个内容库的条目越多、越详细越好,但从商业运作的角度看则未必如此,因为这里有一个投入产出的效益问题。     

析制作、传播计算机病毒等破坏性程序罪

由于计算机技术和应用的日益广泛化、社会化 ,全社会对它的依赖程度越来越高 ,因而制作、传播计算机病毒等破坏性程序的行为 ,对社会造成的危害就不可估量。目前 ,计算机病毒等破坏性程序的传染性、隐蔽性和破坏性对计算机信息系统的危害日趋严重 ,遭受过这些破坏性程序攻击的计算机系统 ,轻则造成个人数据丢失、计算机不能正常运行 ,重则引起不同范围内的秩序混乱 ,例如引起政府、金融、交通等社会管理部门无法运作或陷入混乱 ,乃至引发社会动乱 ,等等。     

Incentivizing self‐regulation: Federal vs. state‐level voluntary programs in US climate change policies

How does program sponsorship influence the design of voluntary programs? Why and how do voluntary programs on climate change sponsored by the state and federal governments in the United States vary in their institutional design? Scholars emphasize the signaling role of voluntary programs to outside stakeholders, and the excludable benefits that induce firms to take on non‐trivial costs of joining voluntary programs. Scholars have noted several types of benefits, particularly reputational benefits programs provide, but have not systematically studied why different programs emphasize different types of benefits. We suggest that excludable benefits are likely to take different forms depending on the institutional context in which program sponsors function. We hypothesize that federal programs are likely to emphasize less tangible reputational benefits while state programs are likely to emphasize more tangible benefits, such as access to technical knowledge and capital. Statistical analyses show the odds of a voluntary program emphasizing tangible benefits increases by several folds when the program is sponsored by the state as opposed to federal government.     

“Curiosity and a Pimp”: Exploring Sex Trafficking Victimization in Experiences of Entering Sex Trade Industry Work Among Participants in a Prostitution Diversion Program

This mixed-methods study explored entry into the sex trade industry and experiences of sex trafficking victimization among 478 adult women enrolled in a prostitution diversion program in a large southwestern state. Written responses to several open-ended survey questions were coded using a template approach to content analysis wherein a priori codes were identified based on characteristics of sex trafficking victimization identified in the Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000 (U.S. Department of State, 2000 U.S. Department of State. (2000). Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000. Retrieved from http://www.state.gov/j/tip/laws/61124.htm [Google Scholar]). Findings revealed that approximately one third of participants (n = 161) described sex trafficking experiences on entry into the sex trade industry, and quantitative analysis revealed that women who experienced sex trafficking as part of entering the sex trade industry were more likely to report abuse during childhood and adulthood, to report gang involvement, and to be involved in multiple types of sex trade industry work. Implications for policy and practice are discussed.     

Fifty Years After the 1967 Crime Commission Report

In the 50 years since the U.S. President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice under President Johnson issued its report, feminist activism and both feminist and mainstream research have resulted in defining domestic violence (DV) as a social problem. This awareness of the seriousness and expansiveness of DV has spurred the development of unprecedented programs and policies. Although DV policing changes have been significant, so too have been the development of and changes in safehouses, no‐drop court policies, domestic violence courts, community‐coordinated responses, and batterer intervention programs. In this article, we review the nonpolice responses to DV cases and outcomes and provide recommendations. First, research and policies need to more regularly be aimed at addressing victims’ safety and their diverse needs and experiences. Second, assessments should include addressing the processing of these cases through the impact of responses by individual community and criminal legal system actors (e.g., victim advocates, police, prosecutors, and judges) to victims and offenders.     

Prison labor and recidivism

This study examines recidivism among inmates who participated in prison industry programs during confinement and a comparison group of inmates who were not employed in prison industry. Industry participants had lower recidivism rates than nonparticipants, but when differences between the groups on other characteristics associated with recidivism were controlled, the recidivism rates of participants and nonparticipants were virtually identical. A proportional hazards regression model was estimated that showed that, net of other variables, the effect of prison industry participation on the probability of postrelease felony arrest was small and insignificant. The findings are discussed in the context of existing correctional outcome research and recent developments in prison work programs.     

体育赛事节目著作权保护探究

2020年《著作权法》第三次修改后,我国知识产权法学界并未停止对体育赛事直播画面作品属性问题的争论.体育赛事直播画面的作品属性认定问题会影响到体育赛事节目的保护模式和路径选择.虽然体育赛事本身不是著作权法意义上的作品,但这并不影响体育赛事直播画面的作品属性构成.2021年6月1日以后,对于符合作品构成要件的体育赛事节目可以认定为视听作品.对于不符合作品构成要件的体育赛事节目可以考虑用《著作权法》(2020)最新修订的广播组织权予以保护.至于反不正当竞争法对体育赛事节目的保护,是我国《著作权法》第三次修改之前的权宜之计,反不正当竞争扩展保护的限度应该是明确的,不能无限度将反不正当竞争法的扩展保护适用于所有的知识产权领域.     

体育赛事节目著作权保护探究

2020年《著作权法》第三次修改后,我国知识产权法学界并未停止对体育赛事直播画面作品属性问题的争论.体育赛事直播画面的作品属性认定问题会影响到体育赛事节目的保护模式和路径选择.虽然体育赛事本身不是著作权法意义上的作品,但这并不影响体育赛事直播画面的作品属性构成.2021年6月1日以后,对于符合作品构成要件的体育赛事节目可以认定为视听作品.对于不符合作品构成要件的体育赛事节目可以考虑用《著作权法》(2020)最新修订的广播组织权予以保护.至于反不正当竞争法对体育赛事节目的保护,是我国《著作权法》第三次修改之前的权宜之计,反不正当竞争扩展保护的限度应该是明确的,不能无限度将反不正当竞争法的扩展保护适用于所有的知识产权领域.