警察心理压力的产生及其处理方式

警察职业的特征决定了警察的心理压力很特殊,各级政府对警力的不当使用以及社会舆论也对警察的心理产生影响。本文试从这几个方面分析警察心理压力产生的根源及应对办法。     

元认知对大学生心理健康的意义

元认知的实质是对认知活动的自我意识和自我调节。心理健康有经典的十大元认知标准,可以概括为自我意识正确、人际关系协调、社会适应良好、情绪积极稳定、人格结构完整等几大维度。追溯“元认知”理论,深入分析元认知的本质,建立元认知与心理健康维度的关系,可以进一步探讨元认知对大学生心理健康的作用及它们之间的关联,从而丰富元认知与心理健康的研究。     

群体性事件的心理归因及疏导探析

群体性事件是困扰世界各国的社会难题。一段时间以来,我国的群体性事件也呈增长之势。从社会心理和政治心理层面分析群体性事件的成因,可以为找到解决群体性事件的心理学方法,加强对群体性事件参与者的心理疏导提供帮助。     

论我国犯罪心理测试法律规范的构建

近年来,犯罪心理测试技术越来越多地应用于我国的案件侦查和司法调查,但其法律地位不明确。实践中缺乏统一、标准化的操作规范,对犯罪心理测试结论的审查、采用规则,阻碍了犯罪心理测试技术的良好运用。应以犯罪心理测试的技术要求为基点,以其他证据的法律要求规范为参考,构建犯罪心理测试运用的程序规范和测试结论运用规则。其程序规范为：对犯罪心理测试的有限使用;测试的适用主体限制;权利告知制度;测试的不受干扰原则。     

Psychological adjustment in a forensic sample: relationship with approach- and avoidance-coping typologies

Most studies that relate coping strategies with psychological symptoms usually consider a single coping dimension. This means that interpretation of the results is unclear and only partially true as subjects activate different types of coping strategies simultaneously when faced with a stressor. The objective of the present study is to analyze the relationships between coping and psychopathology in young inmates, taking into account the number of approach and avoidance answers simultaneously. The results show that the inmates with above-average scores in avoidance coping and below average in those of approach (coping responses inventory--adult form, [CRI-A]) show higher symptomatology (MMPI-2) than the inmates who obtain above-average scores in both avoidance and approach strategies. It can be deduced that it is not the high use of avoidance coping that is related to psychopathology, but rather the combined use of many avoidance strategies and few approach strategies. The convenience of jointly taking into account both types of coping is discussed.     

探析农村黑恶势力形成的社会心理基础

农村黑恶势力的孳生、发展与其相应的社会心理基础有着必然的关系。其形成的社会心理基础,包括心理的互动性、集团内聚力、从众现象、社会心理需要与公共权力弱化等方面的内容。必须采取有效措施,充分发挥社会规范的综合治理作用,以减少或消除农村黑恶势力形成的社会心理基础。     

集体心理所有权的生成机制与作用机理——基于多层次整合的理论模型构建

集体心理所有权是团队成员对共同目标物的集体性占有感,对激发成员的集体主人翁精神具有重要意义。当前团队工作的盛行使其越来越多地受到理论界与实务界的关注,但缺少对其生成与作用过程机制的整合分析。文章运用文献研究方法,提出了集体心理所有权的多层次整合模型,描述了集体心理所有权可能的生成与作用机制,并从社会认同理论与团队互动过程理论出发,探讨了影响这些路径主要的中介与调节。这一整合模型丰富了集体心理所有权影响效应过程机制的研究,并为未来的实证探索提供了一定的理论方向。     

Trauma Symptoms of Former Intimate Stalking Victims

Abstract

One-hundred-eighty-seven female victims stalked by former intimate partners were interviewed about their victimization experiences. To identify psychological symptoms experienced by the victims, Briere and Runtz's (1989) Trauma Symptom Checklist (TSC-33) was utilized in the interview. Individual items were combined to form five distinct scales as developed and validated by Briere and Runtz (1989). Findings reveal that the highest mean scores for the sample were on the items included in the Sleep Disturbance scale. In addition, overall TSC-33 scores and the Dissociation, Anxiety, Depression, and Post-Sexual Assault Trauma-hypothesized (PSAT-h) scale scores varied by whether or not victims had experienced violence during their former relationship with the stalker and by whether or not violence occurred during the stalking. The absence or presence of verbal threats of violence during the stalking, however, did not have an independent effect on most emotional symptoms when controlling for violence during stalking.     

Citizen's psychological knowledge,legal knowledge,and attitudes toward participation in the new Japanese legal system,saiban-in seido

A new procedure, saiban-in seido, was introduced in the Japanese criminal court in 2009.1 1. This article was written before the Saiban-in seido started. A mixed tribunal of three professional judges and six lay people selected from a list of voters deliberate the verdict in serious criminal cases such as murder, rape, and arson. This study researched lay people's attitudes toward the new system, their psychological knowledge (e.g. the reliability of eyewitness testimony) and legal knowledge (e.g. ‘presumed innocent’), and the relationship between attitude and knowledge. Study 1 examined the responses of 294 citizens to a questionnaire; 90 responses were examined in Study 2 (both samples consisted of two age groups, i.e. (1) 20s and (2) 40s and 50s, and two education levels, i.e. (1) college or below and (2) university or more. In both studies, respondents showed concerns about their lack of ability and knowledge to become a lay judge. Although legal knowledge was related to attitude – i.e. the more legal knowledge, the less negativity – no relationship was found between psychological knowledge and attitude. Relevant support for citizens to become lay judges was discussed.