论查缉战术教学训练中的案例教学方法

文章探讨了案例教学法的内涵及作用,分析了查缉战术学科应用案例教学法的必要性及操作步骤,并针对当前我国查缉战术案例教学中存在的问题,提出了相应的对策与建议,以期为我国公安院校查缉战术教学训练找到更加科学合理的教学方法。     

Peer pressure and adolescent substance use

Peer influence is regarded as one of the strongest determinants of juvenile delinquency and particularly adolescent substance use. A commonly held view is that social pressure from friends to use drugs and alcohol is a major contributor to substance use. Yet the notion of peer pressure, implied by the association between peer-group associations and drug behavior, is seldom tested empirically. As a crucial test of the group pressure model, this research examines the role of peer pressure in mediating the effect of differential association on individual use. Moreover, few studies examine the nature of the relationship between peers and substance use as it relates to the processes leading toand from use. Drawing on differential association and social learning theories, our research specifies the social processes (socialization, group pressure, social selection, and rationalization) which dictate particular causal pathways leading to and from substance use and then estimates the reciprocal influences among differential association, social pressure from peers, attitudes favorable toward substance use, and individual use. Using the 1977–1979 National Youth Survey panel data, we estimate a covariance structural equation model allowing for correlated measurement error. In the cross-sectional analyses, we find no main effects of overt peer pressure on substance use. Estimation of the reciprocal effects model also reveals that overt peer pressure does not significantly influence substance use and does not mediate the effect of differential association. Instead, the influences of socialization, social selection, and rationalization play significant roles in understanding substance use.An earlier version of this paper was presented at the 1994 American Society of Criminology meetings in Miami, Florida.     

The determination of cocaine in hair: a review

The explosion of literature related to the analysis of hair for cocaine and its products is reviewed. In the commonly accepted applications of hair testing for cocaine, those related to criminal or civil investigations and pharmacotoxicologic studies occupy most of the relevant published work. This review uses detailed, ‘binary’ (yes/no) tables to demonstrate trends in the literature, and allows researchers and caseworkers quick access to the literature most important for answering a variety of questions.     

浅析制作教学辅助“课件”的通用平台

教学辅助手段的运用,为教育改革、教学创新,提供了英雄用武之地。但一味追求形式,追求艺术性的完美,就逐渐失去了教学辅助作用的真实意义。制作教学"课件"的应用软件很多,但对于非计算机专业人员来说,未免都有些困难。而PowerPoint确为非计算机专业人员提供了方便,能够很好地完成教学辅助作用。     

Prevention science,drug abuse prevention,and Life Skills Training: Comments on the state of the science

There has been tremendous growth in the field of prevention science over the past two decades. The defining features of contemporary prevention science are high quality empirical research using rigorous and well-established scientific methods, careful hyphothesis testing, and the systematic accumulation of knowledge. One area where substantial progress has been made is in our understanding of the etiology and prevention of tobacoo, alcohol, and illicit drug abuse. In this paper, we review the growth in prevention as a scientific enterprise, discuss advances in drug abuse prevention research, and review the effectiveness of one approach to the problem of adolescent drug abuse, the Life Skills Traning (LST) program, and the methodological strengths of the LST evaluation research. In addition, we provide a response to criticism regarding two types of data analysis in evaluation research, and show that these analyses can help address a number of important research questions with implications for theory and practice. First, the analysis of high fidelity subsamples can address research questions about the importance of program implementation fidelity; and second, composite measures of concurrent tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana use (i.e., polydrug use) are useful in testing research questions about program effects on more serious levels of drug involvement. With an increasing number of ramdomized controlled trials underway, the field of prevention science is contributing to a new generation of evidence-based approaches and policies that, if widely utilized, offer the potential of reducing the mortality and morbidity associated with a number of major health and social problems.     

中国法制史课程多元化教学方法探析——以《宋代法律制度》一章的教学为例

尽管中国法制史教育具有重要的现实意义,但从目前的教学实践来看,中国法制史课程未得到应有的重视。为改变这种状况,应采用多元化教学方法,即除了采用传统的讲授教学法外,还有必要引入案例教学法、比较教学法和多媒体教学法,从而增加课程的趣味性,激发学生的学习兴趣,培养学生独立的法律思维能力。本文以《宋代法律制度》一章的教学为例,探析多元化教学方法在中国法制史教学中的应用。     

试析三岩社会的农牧二元经济

为克服土地资源的不足,三岩峡谷历史地形成了农业与牧业两种生产方式并存的经济结构。农牧并举的二元经济结构也在很大程度上影响了三岩峡谷内部的社会及文化。与土地相关的一系列技术与文化成为当地的文化核心,而其他的文化要素都根源于三岩人使用土地的技术。由此导致三岩的二元结构并没有与社会的阶序化相结合,也没有形成人群之外的二元划分,而是始终依附于特定生态与自然环境以及与此相适应的血缘群体。     

Survey Research in International Political Economy: Motivations,Designs, Methods

The use of surveys and survey experiments by international political economy scholars is increasing, adding to the ability to study a broad array of topics. In doing so, many scholars in international political economy draw on—and are contributing to—insights and arguments from American politics and comparative politics (Milner 1998), substantive fields with a history of using surveys and survey experiments. In this article, I review motivations for using surveys and survey experiments, the research designs, and analysis strategies in light of this issue’s contributions. I contrast these motivations and their accompanying designs and discuss the pros and cons of ways to approach the data generated by these research designs. The goal of this commentary is to situate surveys and survey experiments—especially those within the special issue—within a larger discussion about research motivations, design, and analysis techniques.     

河北省未成年人犯罪基本情况调查及原因分析

采用艾森克个性问卷及自编基本情况调查表对395名未成年男犯进行调查,结果显示,未成年男犯在文化程度、作案地区、家庭结构及家庭教养方式等方面存在新的变化趋势,犯罪原因集中在家庭、学校、社会及个人心理因素等各方面。