Assessing and managing risk for intimate partner violence: Police employees’ use of the Police Screening Tool for Violent Crimes in Scania

Relapse into intimate partner violence (IPV) can potentially be predicted and counter-measures applied. This study examines the predictive validity of a violence risk assessment tool: the Police Screening Tool for Violent Crimes (PST-VC) among a sample of 65 offenders. All PST-VC assessments regarding IPV that were conducted at the Scania police department in 2010 were included in the sample. Follow-up time was 16–28 months, and all reported incidents with the same victim and suspected offender were recorded. The PST-VC demonstrated limited effect in the ability to identify high-risk offenders and predict repeat victimization. Interventions against the offender and victim protective actions were more often recommended in high-risk cases but did not lower the number of IPV relapses. The study suggests that the PST-VC is not a promising instrument.     

Perceived risk of crime: A tale of two immigrant groups in Metro Detroit

A particular source of anxiety for many immigrants is personal safety. This study examines the levels and correlates of perceived risk of crime among two understudied immigrant groups, Arab and Chinese immigrants, who resided in an understudied geographic area, the Detroit metropolitan area. Results suggested several universal and immigrants-specific correlates that are significant predictors of Arab and/or Chinese immigrants' perceptions of crime, including self-defense ability, police effectiveness, neighborhood collective efficacy, language proficiency, expectation of U.S. crime condition prior to arrival, and perception of home society crime. Implications for future research are discussed.     

论影响成人外语学习的个人因素障碍

文章认为由个人因素造成的障碍是影响成人学习外语的主要因素,其中最主要的有心理障碍、记忆障碍和学习障碍。据此,对成人外语的学习与教学提出了一些建议。     

论政府对企业环境风险的规制

企业在经营过程中将面临很多风险,环境风险在环境问题备受社会关注的21世纪,将是影响企业生存和发展的一种重要因素。而现实中政府过于强调企业的环境责任,使企业受到环境伦理规范的束缚以及背负着社会和公众的环境压力,因此需要通过政府建立一种能够使企业自我规避、防范和处理环境风险的机制或法律制度,补充传统单纯依赖行政资源的规制手段。环境保险制度和企业环境风险信息公开制度的建立正体现了政府指导和经济刺激等手段,从而建立政府-企业-社会的相互作用的综合企业环境风险规制机制。     

网络银行及其发展对策

网络银行正以其广泛的信息资源、独特的运作方式,日益引起各国金融业的重视。伴随网络银行的发展出现了网络安全、相关法律适用性、业务标准、管理风险和监管困难等方面的问题。处于初级发展阶段的我国网络银行存在的主要问题是缺乏全国统一的CA认证、缺乏相关的业务规范和法律约束以及网络建设水平低。需要从完善网络银行的网络安全体系、建立和完善安全认证和业务运行的法律规范、加强产品开发和营销管理、加强有效监管和安全防范等方面寻求我国网络银行的发展对策。     

Dumb Barter: A Seminal Form of Negotiation

Negotiation requires communication, but not necessarily verbal exchanges. Adjustments can be achieved incrementally by other means. This article will examine how some parties have managed to strike a deal in situations characterized by total distrust and even hostility, asymmetric power relations, major cultural differences, extreme logistical difficulties in reaching the place in which the trade is to be made, and several additional process risks by employing a type of bargaining known as “dumb barter.” This process presents a distinct paradigm with a specific and unique rationale. Sometimes called “silent trade,” it has been observed in many places (especially West Africa) for more than two millennia. It may well be the oldest form of trade negotiation and is still practiced in some parts of the world. An examination of this unlikely but real and effective process can also provide negotiation theorists with some useful insights into the fundamental nature of negotiation.     

新马分家之经济因素探析

在导致新马分家的诸多因素中,经济因素显然占据着重要地位。在新马合并之前,经济上的预期收益曾是推动合并的动力之一。然而,在马来西亚成立后,新马在经济上不仅没有出现“双赢”的局面,反而产生了尖锐的经济矛盾。经济合作的失败在一定程度上推动了新马走向分离。     

缅俄关系的发展演变及其影响因素分析

缅俄关系的发展是基于现实利益的相互需求,缅甸需要俄罗斯在安理会的支持,利用俄罗斯来实现其大国平衡政策和多边主义外交以及巩固新军人政权。而俄罗斯的南亚、东南亚和印度洋战略,乃至其实施能源战略都需要发展对缅关系。     

灾后日元升值初探

短期来看,日元汇率没有因经济受到巨大损失而贬值却转向迅速升值在于投资者形成"保险机构或企业资金的资金回流"的预期,投机力量就借助这个题材不断的推升日元。长期来看,这一轮日元升值并不是因贸易摩擦、美国压迫日本的结果,而是与金融危机过程中动荡的国际货币体系有关。日元在国际货币体系内主要执行价值贮藏的功能,而其贸易结算功能相对较弱。日元快速升值的根本原因是日元在估值上存在升值压力,以及日元发挥避险货币和套利交易的作用。中日两国都面临着美元贬值的巨大风险,可采取相互增持对方货币资产的方法,逐渐减少降低外汇储备中美元的比例,建立区域汇率稳定性机制。