青少年偏差行为的成因概述

个体内因、同伴关系影响、家庭环境濡染及社会环境影响,无疑是青少年产生偏差行为基本的原因层面。从多学科视角看,在个体内因层面中,包含着行为遗传、生命意识缺失、归因偏差、应对方式偏颇等因素;在同伴关系层面中,核心的问题是青少年心理和行为上的二元性;在家庭环境层面中,主要有家庭功能缺失和家庭功能过度介入两方面因素;在社会环境层面中,应特别关注互动模式和传媒导向两大因素。     

强奸罪主客体范围的认定

现行刑法强奸罪的主体为男性 ,客体为女性 ,只有男性针对女性的性伤害才可能构成强奸罪。但目前女性对男性的性侵害已不是个别现象 ,因此 ,需要有相应的法律保护男性的正当性权利     

暴力电子游戏对青少年攻击行为的影响机制

暴力电子游戏对青少年攻击行为的影响不容忽视，社会学习理论和社会认知理论对其影响机制进行了解释。社会学习理论认为对游戏中榜样的观察学习是获得攻击行为的主要方式，替代强化等是维持攻击行为的强化机制；社会认知理论强调分析具体的社会信息加工过程，认为暴力电子游戏会导致社会信息加工的偏差，从而引发攻击行为；一般攻击模型对上述理论进行整合，形成了该研究领域中最为完整的理论体系，全面、有效地解释了暴力电子游戏对攻击行为的影响。     

就业性别平等立法模式选择

世界的很多地方,如瑞典、美国,已经建立了一种就业上性别平等的立法策略,形成以瑞典为代表的北欧模式及美国模式。这些模式或以消极禁止为主,或以积极促进为主,通过政府责任及向雇主责任的转移,促进就业上性别平等的实现,不同的立法模式体现出不同的法律效益效用。而在我国,目前仍沿用计划经济时代的国家保护模式,这种模式在转型后已产生了一些新的问题,应尽快在吸收别国经验教训的基础上,选择适合本国的性别平等立法模式。     

Motives in a Triple Spree Homicide

Juries, criminologists, prosecutors, law enforcement officials, and the lay public like to know the motive for a murder—especially when there are unusual features such as multiple victims, extensive injuries, or unexplainable acts to the bodies. However, many times the motive is not readily available from the murderer because he does not confess or he does not consciously know why he killed. The following case describes the analysis of multiple motives in a triple spree homicide committed in a very short time frame. Robbery was the primary motive for the first victim and sexual homicide was the motive for the second and third victims.     

反侦查行为的类型初探(三)--隐蔽型反侦查行为与公开型反侦查行为

根据反侦查行为是否为侦查人员或群众知晓,可将其划分为隐蔽型反侦查行为与公开型反侦查行为.这两者存在密切联系,既贯穿于案件的各个阶段,又可能相互转化;同时,它们在实施的前提条件、行为目的与外在特征以及对侦查人员的影响方式等方面存在不同.这种区分对于分析和预测个案中的反侦查情况,认识反侦查行为的不同特点并进而提出针对性措施,具有重要的意义.     

Applicability of two commercially available kits for forensic identification of saliva stains

The RSID-saliva test and the SALIgAE-saliva test are two recently developed forensic saliva detection kits. In this study, we compared the sensitivity and the specificity of the two test kits with the Phadebas amylase test by analyzing amylases from various sources including human, animals, plants, and micro-organism. The data demonstrate that the RSID-saliva test and the SALIgAE-saliva test offer higher sensitivity and specificity for the detection of saliva than the Phadebas amylase test. The detection limits of the RSID-saliva test, the SALIgAE-saliva test, and the Phadebas amylase test equate to 10, 4, and 1000 nL, respectively for human saliva. The RSID-saliva test and the SALIgAE-saliva test were further evaluated by analyzing semen, vaginal secretion, breast milk, blood, urine, sweat, and feces. The results of the two tests are in good agreement. The two tests reacted with urine, breast milk, and feces, but not with semen, vaginal secretion, blood, and sweat.     

Social Justice in Love Relationships: Recent Developments

In all societies, people are concerned with justice. “What’s fair is fair!” “She deserves better.” “It’s just not right.” “He can’t get away with that!” “It’s illegal.” “It’s unethical!” “It’s immoral” are fairly common laments. In the 11th century, St. Anselm of Canterbury (Anselem of Canterbury: The major works, 1998) argued that the will possesses two competing inclinations: an affection for what is to a person’s own advantage and an affection for justice; the first inclination is stronger, but the second matters, too. Equity theory, too, posits that in personal relationships, two concerns stand out: firstly, how rewarding are people’s societal, family, and work relationships? Secondly, how fair and equitable are those relationships? According to equity theory, people feel most comfortable when they are getting exactly what they deserve from their relationships—no more and certainly no less. In this article, we will begin by describing the classic equity paradigm and the supporting research. We will then recount the great debate that arose in the wake of the assertion that even in close, loving, intimate relationships, fairness matters. We will end by describing what scientists have learned in the past 35 years about the competing claims of altruism, reward, and fairness in love relationships.     

广安市农村老年人性犯罪的调查

当前,老年人性犯罪是在我国农村地区存在的一种性质恶劣、影响极大的犯罪现象。在调查四川省广安市农村比较突出的老年人性犯罪这一社会现象的基础上,我们发现农村老年人性犯罪并不是偶然产生的,它是受多种因素影响的结果。从表面上看,老年人实施性犯罪是为了满足其性欲,而在实质上,老年人更多是想通过这种犯罪释放他们的"畸形"心理需求,以引起政府、社会、家庭等对他们的重视和关注。对老年人性犯罪的对策应当重在预防,而非打击。     

The sex industry,human trafficking and the global prohibition regime: a cautionary tale from Greece

Using the concept of global prohibition regimes as an analytical point of departure, this article interrogates the development and results of the agitation campaign that relayed the new global prohibition regime against trafficking for sexual exploitation in Greece after 1995. In line with the international trend towards the issue of trafficking in the 1990s, the Greek campaign has been successful in shaping perceptions of the change in the Greek sex industry on the basis of an equation of prostitution, trafficking and transnational organized crime, and it also successfully capitalized on transnational supports to induce changes in legislation and public policy. However, a critical examination of the Greek situation suggests that there is a considerable discrepancy between the above conceptualisation and the knowledge of the issue emerging from the activities of criminal justice agencies. The examination of the general conditions of economic exploitation and social marginalization of migrants in Greece in the 1990s and after reveals significant homologies between the social organization of the sex industry and other sectors of the economy that have depended on migrant labour. This result underscores the nature of the idea of organized crime as an ideological construct acting as a diversion from more substantive paths of inquiry into the structures of national economy that bear upon the exploitation of sexual labour.