马立克病肿瘤相关抗原间接ELISA检测方法的建立

用自制并纯化的马立克病肿瘤相关表面抗原(MATSA)免疫SPF级BALB／c小鼠制备阳性对照抗体,以SPF级BALB／c小鼠血清为阴性对照抗体,筛选间接ELISA检测MATSA抗体的最佳反应条件。结果,包被液为0．1 mol／L pH 9．6的碳酸盐缓冲液,抗原包被浓度为4μg／mL,封闭液为含10 g／L BSA的PBST,抗血清稀释比例为1:800,酶标抗体稀释比例为1:1200,酶标抗体作用时间为37℃温育45 min,底物作用时间为37℃温育15 min,终止液为2 mol／L H2SO4,洗涤4次,每次1min为最佳反应条件。将建立的方法应用于MATSA单克隆抗体研制过程中阳性克隆的筛选,成功获得了MATSA的单克隆抗体,表明该优化条件为间接ELISA检测MATSA抗体的最佳反应条件。     

Screening Biological Stains with qPCR versus Lateral Flow Immunochromatographic Test Strips: A Quantitative Comparison using Analytical Figures of Merit

Biological fluid identification is an important facet of evidence examination in forensic laboratories worldwide. While identifying bodily fluids may provide insight into which downstream DNA methods to employ, these screening techniques consume a vital portion of the available evidence, are usually qualitative, and rely on visual interpretation. In contrast, qPCR yields information regarding the amount and proportion of amplifiable genetic material. In this study, dilution series of either semen or male saliva were prepared in either buffer or female blood. The samples were subjected to both lateral flow immunochromatographic test strips and qPCR analysis. Analytical figures of merit—including sensitivity, minimum distinguishable signal (MDS) and limit of detection (LOD)—were calculated and compared between methods. By applying the theory of the propagation of random errors, LODs were determined to be 0.05 μL of saliva for the RSID? Saliva cards, 0.03 μL of saliva for Quantifiler^® Duo, and 0.001 μL of semen for Quantifiler^® Duo. In conclusion, quantitative PCR was deemed a viable and effective screening method for subsequent DNA profiling due to its stability in different matrices, sensitivity, and low limits of detection.     

The predictive validity of the Depression Hopelessness Suicide screening form for self-harm among prisoners

The Depression Hopelessness Suicide Screening Form (DHS) includes 12 ‘critical items’, which have not been validated for the prospective prediction of self-harm. We conducted a retrospective cohort study (N = 4196) to validate the ability of the DHS critical items to prospectively predict inmates with at least one incident of self-harm during the first six months of imprisonment. While the critical items were highly sensitive (89.5%) at predicting incidents of self-harm, 51.3% of the inmates endorsed at least one item. Five items reflecting more recent and specific risk factors reduced the referral rate to 17.7%, while maintaining high sensitivity (84.2%). While the DHS has high sensitivity to predict inmates at risk of self-harm, treating all items as equally critical results in excessive numbers of false positives that likely exceed the capacity of prison resources for professional assessment and intervention. Referral rules based on recency and specificity of risk factors are proposed.     

Designing tools for ‘joined up’ homelessness prevention: Insights from one case study

Homelessness is a complex social problem with significant health and economic consequences. Prevention-based responses seek to reduce the number of people who go on to experience homelessness, but effective homelessness prevention is challenging to implement and can require service integration across mainstream referral organisations and specialist homelessness service agencies. The ‘At-Risk Screening Tool’ was piloted over August 2018 to March 2019 to enable such mainstream and specialist organisations to coordinate their screening and referral process in the context of homelessness prevention. The tool was used by mainstream referral agencies to assess a client's risk of homelessness, and a tailored referral pathway to a specialist homelessness agency was produced based on this assessment. This article discusses the evaluation of the pilot, exploring three key insights around service integration in a community service context. These insights emphasise the importance of embedding an awareness of staff needs and organisational constraints into the design and application of similar tools.     

牛四核苷酸STR基因座的筛选和多态性分析

目的筛选阴影带出现率低且多态性较高的牛四核苷酸STR基因座。方法用Tandem repeats finder软件搜索牛基因组中的四核苷酸重复STR序列片段,用Primer Premier 5.0软件设计引物,然后扩增、电泳,筛选出符合要求的STR基因座,并对100份无关黄牛个体血样进行STR基因座分型。结果共筛选出6个具有多态性的牛四核苷酸重复STR基因座（B006、B007、B008、B022、B025、B026）,其100份无关黄牛个体血样的累积个体识别率和累积非父排除概率分别为0.99995和0.859591。结论本研究筛选出的6个四核苷酸STR基因座阴影带出现率低且多态性较高,可用于牛的个体识别和亲子鉴定的研究。     

基因筛检受检者权利研究

基因筛检是预防疾病的重要的公共健康手段.在基因筛检医疗关系中,医疗机构应将基因筛检的目的、内容、程序、可能的结果、可能的选择等信息告知受检者,受检者享有知情后同意的权利.对于筛检结果,医疗机构应向受检者告知,提供后续解读与遗传咨询,并应采取保密措施,未经受检者同意,不得向雇主和保险人透露.受检者对筛检结果享有隐私权,为公共健康等目的限制隐私权的情形应由法律作出明确规定.除政府强制性筛检外,受检者对基因筛检享有自主决定权.政府为了公共健康的必要目的,在法律授权下,可以要求民众接受基因筛检,但应避免对个人身体权和自主决定权的过度侵害,所选手段应限于侵害最小.     

经济全球化及其理论合理性质疑

随着人类科学技术的发展,世界各地人们之间的距离在不断缩短。人类社会的许多问题都成为全球性的问题,经济生活也不例外。本文深入地对现存的全球性经济进行分析,对其理论成因进行探讨。指出现存的经济全球化理论形式并不是基于现实社会的形式,因此不会长久。     

鉴定科学LC-MS／MS多反应监测筛选分析血液中132种毒药物

目的建立血液中常见毒药物的LC-MS/MS筛选分析方法。方法采用多反应监测(MRM)模式,以目标物的保留时间和母离子／子离子对为指标进行筛选分析。建立LC-MS/MS 库和定性认定准则,并考察了方法的有效性。结果多反应监测筛选体系兼具有选择离子扫描的曼敏度和二级质谱的特征性,血液中132种毒药物筛选分析的最低检出限为0．1- 10ng/mL．其中83％的检出限≤lng/mL。鉴定应用表明方法的检出率和可靠性良好。结论该筛选分析方法能满足法医毒物学和临床毒物学检测中毒或治疗浓度目标物的需要,且能扩展至其它生物检材。     

集中式警用移动数据中心的实现

利用基于AT指令的DTU，通过GPRS无线通信网络开发了集中式警用移动数据通信系统。在VB6．0下利用Mscomm控件设计了智能通信中心管理软件，可实现智能拨号、对来电号码的追踪、对来电历史记录的查询、对备案数据库以外的来电屏蔽、智能联网、对特密专线拨号以及对特密专线的限权修改等功能。     

Deceptive behaviour and instrumental violence among psychopathic and non-psychopathic violent forensic psychiatric patients

Deceptive behaviour and instrumental violence are well-known psychopathic features and as such play important roles in the assessment of psychopathy. This study examined first, the nature of the violence committed by offenders that have been admitted to forensic psychiatric care and whether scores on the Psychopathy Checklist: Screening Version (PCL:SV), Part 1, were associated with the instrumentality of violence. Second, we examined the proneness of offenders to re-frame the instrumentality in their past violent crimes, and whether this was associated with scores on the PCL:SV. The results show that the PCL:SV, Part 1 (interpersonal/affective features), was positively related to the officially coded instrumentality of the violent crimes. As expected, this association disappeared when the instrumentality was self-reported. However, the majority of the patients tended to exaggerate the reactivity of their violent crimes when it was self-reported, indicating that most offenders, independently of level of psychopathy, used deception when questioned about the characteristics of their past violent crimes. The reasons for, and implications of, the use of deception are discussed.