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261.
From the moment when wide spread of large scale assessments in sociology and economics began, the most commonly used indicators of peoples’ qualifications are the number of years spent in education and the possession of a high school/college/university diploma. But what if these formal indicators are unreliable under certain conditions and do not reflect actual literacy and competency of people? This article, drawing on data from the Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC), questions accuracy of the basic educational indicators in Russia. There is a linear relationship between the possession of a formal graduation diploma and the measurement of PIAAC literacy of the able-bodied population in OECD countries, including the Eastern European ones. However, the analysis shows that in Russia there is an inconsistency between literacy and formal educational status. This fact in itself casts doubt on the effectiveness of formal education indicators in Russia. The social implications resulting from this inconsistency become apparent through an international comparison of research results. These ill effects have been documented in the areas of employment, education and social reproduction and in the social self-awareness of the Russian people.  相似文献   
262.
Currently, there are approximately 750 unidentified human remains and 2500 long-term missing persons in Australia. The Australian Federal Police National DNA Program for Unidentified and Missing Persons (Program) is using a multifaceted, multijurisdictional, multiagency, and multidisciplinary approach in a dedicated effort to identify these unknown deceased persons, scientifically link them to known missing persons, and provide answers to their families. The nationally coordinated Program provides its police, forensic, and coronial stakeholders with a suite of contemporary forensic technologies, databases, and experts to forensically examine the skeletonised remains and recover post-mortem data for comparison to the available ante-mortem data for each missing person. Through a number of physical and virtual public outreach activities, families with missing relatives have been encouraged to provide vital ante-mortem forensic information, records, and samples to aid the identification process. To date, this unique Program has assisted to resolve a number of unidentified and missing persons cases from both historical and contemporary contexts, using a combination of genetic and non-genetic techniques, and local and national databases. The centralisation of Program capabilities, expertise, and resources to conduct this type of unique and challenging casework is proving to be the most effective and efficient way to generate investigative leads, identify human remains, and resolve long-term missing persons cases in Australia.  相似文献   
263.
“间接路线”战略不仅是利德尔·哈特军事思想的鲜明标志,更是其精髓与集大成之作。哈特在“一战”中的惨痛经历和英译本《孙子兵法》对“间接路线”战略的产生影响重大,它有这四大特点:同时强调物质因素与精神因素的意义、推崇机动性与突然性的结合、战略与大战略并重、具体方法与普遍理念共存。然而与我国的军事战略思想相比,“间接路线”战略也存在着两大缺陷,即对歼灭战和游击战的认识过于主观与片面。  相似文献   
264.
本文以街政流程为线索,具体分析了街政治理中公民参与的现实意义。在此基础上,提出了加强新公民资格培育、拓殖社区参与公共领域等五条加强公民参与机制建设的对策建议。  相似文献   
265.
A considerable amount of discussion can be found in the forensics literature about the issue of using statistical sampling to obtain for chemical analyses an appropriate subset of units from a police seizure suspected to contain illicit material. Use of the Bayesian paradigm has been suggested as the most suitable statistical approach to solving the question of how large a sample needs to be to ensure legally and practically acceptable purposes. Here, we introduce a hypergeometric sampling model combined with a specific prior distribution for the homogeneity of the seizure, where a parameter for the analyst's expectation of homogeneity (α) is included. Our results show how an adaptive approach to sampling can minimize the practical efforts needed in the laboratory analyses, as the model allows the scientist to decide sequentially how to proceed, while maintaining a sufficiently high confidence in the conclusions.  相似文献   
266.
267.
在全球化的背景下,传统的法律英语教学模式不能满足培养高素质的涉外法律专业人才的需求,需要采用全英文教学模式来对法律英语教学进行改革,法律英语的全英文教学对师资、学生的知识结构以及教学资源的准备均有一定的要求,同时还应充分发挥案例教学法、模拟法庭、多媒体等在教学中的作用.  相似文献   
268.
官员问责制作为行政伦理的一部分,在实施中依旧存在着问责法律缺失、问责范围狭窄、问责标准模糊、问责程序混乱、问责结果单一、问责监管不力等一系列问题。应该从完善行政伦理立法、建立行政伦理监管机构、优化官员的道德约束机制、重视行政组织文化建设、加强行政体制改革等方面来进一步规范和完善官员问责制。  相似文献   
269.
我国教育关键问题在于传统教育模式“千人一面”、“服从大局”、“满堂灌”和“标准答案”,这严重束缚了学生的想象力和创造力。化解这些问题,须激发学生的好奇心和自主性,检视学生自主性发展过程中存在的与社会文化的异质性以及“个人主义”观念的两面性、制度制约性和不平衡性等问题,积极构建创造教育,为进一步促进学生的创造力和自主性发展提供有效保障。  相似文献   
270.
Soy is often perceived as a typical example of a homogenous capitalist agricultural model that is responsible for ecological damage and social conflicts. But this monolithic perception of soy production can be challenged: more than 30 percent of the soy producers in Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil) are family farmers. In this contribution, we study soy production, the soy producers and their institutional environment from an actor-oriented perspective. We have uncovered different farming styles behind soy production: the colonial farmer, the niche farmer and the entrepreneurial farmer. The farming styles differ from each other not only in the farming system, but also in attitudes (for example, towards the forest). We found that the institutional environment and the technology are mainly focused on the entrepreneurial farmer. However, also, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) neglect the existence of small-scale soy producers. These results have several repercussions for further analysis of this problematic crop and how it can shift towards a more sustainable agricultural production model as small-scale farmers might produce soy more sustainably.  相似文献   
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