Commercial activities and copyright in Australian universities

With government funding for most Australian universities below 60% and falling a major strategic emphasis for universities has been on securing other sources of operating revenue, including commercial opportunities and partnerships. The implication of increasing commercial activities such as non-award and tailored professional programmes, contract research and consultancies within a university environment raises a number of issues in relation to copyright. This paper will discuss whether the educational provisions (including section 200AB introduced in the 2006 amendments) or the fair dealing provisions within the Copyright Act could be applied if copyright material is reproduced as part of a commercial activity undertaken by a university.     

试述校园文化活动对大学生人格培育的影响

大学生人格培育是人才培养质量的关键环节,大学校园文化活动对大学生人格培育有重要影响。开展校园文化活动,首先要建立保障机制,确保校园文化活动的顺利进行;其次要打造以学术文化活动为主流的校园文化活动;第三要凸显专业优势,创建高水平的校园文化活动;第四要充分利用网络资源,强化网络文化活动的宣传和服务功能;第五要开展校园文化活动必须以党团文化活动为先导;第六要开展校园文化活动必须紧紧依托社会舞台,拓宽大学生人格培育的开放空间。     

财产犯罪客体和犯罪对象之理论冲突与协调

犯罪客体与犯罪对象存在密切关系,但我国学者在研究财产犯罪时,却忽视了上述的关系,以致于在论述财产犯罪客体时大多认为财产犯罪侵犯了财物的所有权或占有权,而论述犯罪对象时却将不能体现所有权或占有权的财产利益等涵盖其中,造成了犯罪客体与犯罪对象的冲突.因此,研究当前我国刑法中财产犯罪对象和客体的冲突现状,提出二者协调的意见对于研究财产犯罪至关重要.     

关于刑事科学技术课的教学设计

自20世纪60年代以来,教学设计逐渐综合了各种学术理论而自成体系。它运用系统方法发现、分析和解决教学问题,是实现教学效果最优化的计划过程和操作程序。文章综合刑事科学技术课的特点,对教学设计的内涵、主要过程进行了分析,旨在使读者了解当前教学设计的主流理论,促进刑事科学技术课教学设计逐步走向成熟。     

中间汇率制度思想起源与演进

中间汇率制度是金融改革可取的现实选择。中间汇率制度思想起源于第二次世界大战期间的美国,20世纪60年代被重新修订,提出“汇率宽区间”和“爬行钉住”计划;70年代以参考汇率和“最优钉住”理论为其升华;80年代将“宽区间”与“爬行钉住”结合,创立目标区经典模型;90年代,新兴市场化国家普遍实行钉住汇率制度,经验证明中间汇率制优于浮动汇率制。     

关于“民间反扒组织”合法性的探讨

扒窃活动具有犯罪与一般违法的双重性质,因而反扒活动亦相应具有侦查性质与治安查处性质;公安机关是反扒活动唯一法定主体;民间组织反扒活动不具有合法性,群众组织只能在公安机关组织指挥下协助反扒;现行"民间反扒组织"必须更名和调整活动范围.     

Participation in Extracurricular Activities and Adolescent Adjustment: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Findings

This study extends previous understanding of the association between adolescent extracurricular activity participation and adjustment by asking whether participation in school-based extracurricular activities is associated with lower substance use and depression, higher grades and academic aspirations, and more positive attitude toward school. In addition, it examines the role of life events stress and time spent in activities as potential moderators of the association. Data come from an ethnically diverse sample of adolescents from 6 California highschools (N = 3,761). Cross-sectional results suggest participation is associated with more positive adolescent outcomes for all variables except alcohol use and depression, controlling for gender, ethnicity, and grade. Longitudinal analyses are consistent with these findings. Cumulative participation over a 3-year period predicts adolescent outcomes controlling for both Time 1 outcomes and demographic characteristics. In addition, within-person analyses reveal year-to-year covariation of participation and positive outcomes. Dr. Darling is a developmental psychologist whose research focuses on social relationships during adolescence, with a special interest in contextual variation in developmental processes.     

The Effects of Adolescent Activities on Delinquency: A Differential Involvement Approach

T. Hirschi’s (1969, Causes of Delinquency. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA) control theory proposes that involvement, as an element of the social bond, should reduce delinquency. But, research studies have found that the effect of involvement is rather weak. This study reformulates Hirschi’s involvement hypothesis by posing involvement as a social setting variable and a differential factor. Certain activities provide a social setting favorable to the development of the social bond and the reduction in delinquent association. The reformulated hypothesis is examined based on a sample of Grade 7–12 students in a Western Canadian city. The results reveal that school- and family-related activities strengthen the social bond and reduce delinquent association and delinquency. In contrast, other conventional activities such as spending time with friends and dating have the opposite effects. In addition, the indirect effect of differential involvement on delinquency through the social bond and delinquent association is stronger than its direct effect. Thus, the undesirable effects of the less-positive activities on delinquency may be buffered or reduced by strengthening the social bond and reducing delinquent association.Siu Kwong Wong is an Associate Professor of Sociology at Brandon University. He received his Ph.D. in Sociology from Washington State University. His major research interests are in the study of delinquency and social disorganization.     

在开放的体系中设立情势变更条款--兼评我国合同法第94条与第117条

我国现行合同法中"情势变更"制度立法缺位.针对社会发展的需要,我们亟待对情势变更做出法律规定.我国虽可继续使用"情势变更"的名称,但更适宜采取合同落空的广义内涵,建议将此制度列于合同法关于"合同的效力"一章中予以规定.     

未批准的出资额转让协议民事责任性质——以中外合资经营企业为例

我国已往的司法解释规定,出资额转让协议未经批准时的责任为缔约过失责任。基于缔约过失责任赔偿原则、赔偿方式的单一性以及赔偿范围的局限性,其根本无法有效地维护诚信当事人的利益。最高人民法院新近颁布的《关于审理外商投资企业纠纷案件若干问题的规定（一）》根据当事人是否履行报批义务规定了不同的责任方式。但受制于解释权限,该规定很难说是最为科学的制度设计。从实现审批目的的意图出发,结合公司法的私法特性和出资额的财产属性,未经批准仅仅导致出资额权属不发生变动,并不影响协议的效力。有过错的一方应承担违约责任。