论授益行政与损益行政诉讼中被告逾期举证后果之差异及完善

在行政诉讼被告无正当理由逾期举证的情况下,合理有效的法律后果有助于规制被告的违法诉讼行为。但是,相关立法混淆了损益行政行为与授益行政行为的差异性。两类性质不同的行政行为在被告违反举证期限的法律后果上理应有所区别。《关于审理行政许可案件若干问题的规定》第八条只对行政许可诉讼作出了不同的安排,亟待完善。     

Multivariate analysis for estimating the age of a bloodstain

Our objective is to provide crime laboratories with a technique for estimating the age of a bloodstain. Toward that goal, we have used multiplexed, real-time RT-PCR (or qPCR) to determine the relative stability of different-sized segments of the same RNA species as well as differences in stability between two different RNAs' change over time in bloodstains. Our results indicate that a multivariate analysis of the changing ratio of the different RNA segments can be used to differentiate between samples of different ages in the defined population. Bloodstains from 29 of 30 donors could be partitioned into different ages using this technique. Although further improvements will be required before this approach can be implemented in crime laboratories, the multivariate analysis holds promise of providing a reliable approach for temporally linking a bloodstain to the commission of a crime or excluding a bloodstain as being irrelevant to the case in question.     

对魏伊丝代际公平说的全面反思

为保护地球环境资源而创设的代际公平理论是建立在两个错误认识的基础上的,即把集合概念的人类视为类概念的人类和把地球环境资源财产化。假如没有后代人,人们也同样应该承担保护地球环境的义务。魏伊丝舍今世而求助于后代人及其权利,其原因在于权利时代所型塑出来的权利思维模式和路径依赖。虽然代际公平理论能够给我们提供观察和解决环境问题的时间视角,但它本身并不是什么新的法律理念,无法担负起指导现代环境法制建设和环境保护实践的重任。     

Macroscopic observations of the effects of varying fresh water pH on bone

Little is known about the decomposition of remains in aquatic environments of varying pH, and even less is known about the specific effects of these environments on bone. Bovine bones were placed in solutions of pH 1, 4, 7, 10, and 14 and observed over a period of 1 year. All solutions eventually removed or dissolved the soft tissues from the external surface of the bone. The pH 7 and pH 10 solutions had little effect on the bone, but the other solutions affected the bone to varying degrees. Extreme pH levels were the most destructive, while more moderate pH levels had lesser but significant and interesting effects. Empirical data on postmortem aquatic changes may be extremely useful in forensic contexts for both improving time since death estimates and also for providing better information to underwater recovery experts thereby potentially increasing the quantity and quality of remains recovery.     

Comparison of Decomposition Rates and Faunal Colonization of Carrion in Indoor and Outdoor Environments

Abstract: Decomposition and insect colonization of pig (Sus scrofa L.) carcasses were observed over a 42‐day period inside and outside a house in a suburban region of Edmonton, Alberta. Three freshly killed pig carcasses were placed outdoors on grass and three carcasses were placed in separate rooms inside a house in a suburban residential area. The carcasses were examined and sampled regularly. Outside carcasses were colonized rapidly by Calliphora vicina (R‐D), Lucilia sericata (Meigen), Lucilia illustris (Meigen), Eucalliphora latifrons (Hough), Cynomya cadaverina (R‐D), Phormia regina (Meigen), and Protophormia terraenovae (R‐D). There was a delay of 5 days before inside carcasses were first colonized but all species except E. latifrons and L. illustris readily colonized at this time. Many more insects colonized the outside carcasses, and these were rapidly skeletonized. Inside, much fewer insects were present and decomposition was slowed and colonization extended. Dispersal patterns of postfeeding larvae inside the house on hard substrate were greatly expanded compared with those from carcasses on grass.     

警务时空论

警务时空是社会时空的组成部分,是警察战斗力生成和发挥的重要条件。现代警务指挥必须准确把握警务空间出现的新变化,善于精心运筹、科学管理和有效利用警务时间,特别要正确处理好警务空间、时间与速度的关系。高新技术警务力量的出现和社区警务战略的推行,使得治安防控中的警力系统、警力布势、警力机动、警力流速发生了根本变化,直接引起了警力在时空中的运动特性也跟着发生变化,呈现出一系列新特点：警务布势非线性化,警力要素系统化,警务行动高速化。     

我国善意取得制度中准据时间点研究

《物权法》第一百零六条明确规定了我国的善意取得制度,并将之一体适用于动产和不动产交易之中,这种简明划一的立法模式对于我国财产动态流转安全的保护具有重大意义。然而动产与不动产的不同特性决定了该制度在适用上是不统一的,集中体现在司法实践中对于《物权法》第一百零六条第一款善意时间点的判断上。本文通过案例提出问题,并运用民法解释方法对＂受让时＂做出合理解释。     

系列案件“时空空白点”在侦查中的应用

系列案件中犯罪分子的反侦查意识和行为是普遍存在的,侦查与反侦查之间的较量更加激烈。"时空空白点"是与作案时空相对应而存在的,其存在具有必然性、相对性、稳定性和可利用性,特别是在系列案件中,"时空空白点"在很大程度上能够反映出犯罪分子所具备的特征,对于划定侦查范围、查找犯罪嫌疑人有着很大的作用。通过对系列案件中的"时空空白点"进行深入分析和利用,以此对犯罪嫌疑人的犯罪特征进行刻画,提高"时空空白点"在侦查破案中应用,从而拓展侦查破案的途径。     

电子证据在刑事诉讼中的收集与认证

基于计算机和互联网的犯罪案件急剧增长,由此形成的电子证据给诉讼中的证明提出了挑战。刑诉法修正案将电子证据增加为一种证据种类,但是,电子证据的收集与认证与传统证据既有相同之处又存在着很多的不同。电子证据的保护、搜查扣押、实时收集与鉴证等是传统调查方式无法取代的,也不能完全使用传统方法进行。依靠电子证据定案既要追求客观真相、依靠科学的证明,又要遵循既定的程序性规则,从而对电子证据的证明能力和证明力进行判断。     

Determination of an effective housekeeping gene for the quantification of mRNA for forensic applications

The potential application of mRNA for the identification of biological fluids using molecular techniques has been a recent development in forensic serology. Constitutively expressed housekeeping genes can assess the amount of mRNA recovered from a sample, establish its suitability for downstream applications, and provide a reference point to corroborate the identity of the fluid. qPCR was utilized to compare the expression levels of housekeeping genes from forensic-like body fluid stains to establish the most appropriate assessment of human mRNA quantity prior to profiling. Although variability was observed between fluids and individuals, results indicated that beta-2 microglobulin exhibited the highest expression for all body fluids examined and across donors. A one-way analysis of variance was performed for housekeeping gene variability between donors (at the α, 0.05, significance level), and the results indicated significant differences for semen, vaginal secretions, and menstrual blood.