Newspaper Coverage of Three Presidential Campaigns in Chile: Personalisation and Political Strategies

We investigate the evolution of political campaign coverage through a content analysis of the topics highlighted in newspapers' agendas during three presidential elections in Chile. Results show an expected increase in the space allocated to the politicians' private lives (privatisation) by 2009, but no change in the attention given to individual politicians' political traits (political competence). Coverage of candidates' campaign strategies had increased markedly in media agendas by 1999, and by 2009 in politicians' agendas. These changes are consistent with some of the recent transformations of political communication in Western democracies, within the framework of the so‐called ‘mediatisation’ of politics.     

政务微信群重塑政治沟通体系的机制研究

微信群内的信息沟通与传播具有打破时空边界限制、入群成员共同虚拟在场以及群聊信息具有及时、公开、共享性等新特征。在被广泛用于我国政府系统后,政务微信群成为政治信息传播的新媒介,实现了对我国政务系统的无缝隙覆盖,也已成为推动政务工作与社会治理的常规性手段。相较于正式的文件、会议、电话等传统的政治传播媒介,政务微信群深刻地改变了政务办公的逻辑与机制,重塑了政府内部的政治沟通体系。具体表现为:重塑了上下级之间的部署与督导考核体系;建立了分散部门之间的协调与联动治理体系;再造了横向同级政府组织之间的竞争体系。     

An Overview of Zoonotic Disease Outbreaks and its Forensic Management Over Time

Most emerging or re‐emerging infections are vector‐borne or zoonotic and can be disseminated worldwide by infected humans or animals. They are a major public health problem and cause a great impact on economy. Zoonotic outbreaks began to be characterized in the 90s, after the creation of Europol and the FBI. Such investigations are carried by forensic pathologists and other specialists to determine whether an outbreak is natural or deliberate. This review will discuss ten zoonotic outbreaks nonrelated to wars focusing on forensic management. In conclusion, some points should be highlighted in the management of a zoonotic outbreak: (i) its diagnosis and detection by forensic pathologists and the coordination of efforts between other specialists are key factors; (ii) communication guidelines and an efficient healthcare system are crucial for any emergency response; (iii) biosafety of all specialists involved must be guaranteed.     

Decoding Western Festive Season Symbols and Rituals in Marketing Messages: A Bottom of the Pyramid Consumer Study in South Africa

Abstract

This study explored the communication of marketing messages containing traditional, Western festive season symbols and rituals. Specifically, the research sought to understand the decoding of such messages portraying festive season symbols (like Santa Claus and Christmas trees) and rituals, by Afrocentric bottom of the pyramid (BOP) consumers. This qualitative study involved interviews with thirty-one participants in two metropolitan areas in South Africa. The study used a combination of semi-structured interview questions and treatments of two South African television advertisements and two newspaper advertisements depicting Western festive season symbols and rituals. The study revealed a broadly positive sentiment towards the festive season, where festive season activities allow participants to implement their Afrocentric cultural values of unity and collective responsibility. Findings also show that Afrocentric cultural values do affect the decoding of these marketing messages. There was also a variety of responses to marketing messages displaying the symbols of Christmas trees and Santa Claus, which were not common in BOP consumer households. The key recommendation highlighted by this study is that marketing messages communicated to South African BOP consumers should also consider Afrocentric values of unity and collective responsibility.     

自媒体时代的政治传播秩序及中国调适

政治传播秩序系政治秩序与传播秩序有机耦合而成。自媒体时代政治传播秩序变革呈现出新图景:“传-受”关系角色融合,信息流动立体对冲,“权势”格局去中心化,“节点”移位流程再造,线上线下双层互动,参与沟通机制转向,情感意见高度聚合,政治目标共生共享,文明契合价值转化,总体模式类型蜕变。应对自媒体时代政治传播秩序变革,中国应做出主动调适:确立政治传播秩序由“一元主体”主导到“多元主体”共享的总体理念;把新时代中国特色社会主义协商民主的秩序要求贯通到政治传播新秩序的建构中;更新对政治传播“内容”的理解,扩充“政治信息”的内涵和包容量;释放政治信息的生产权和传播权,激活政治传播秩序中媒体的独有能量;依托中国特色社会主义政治传播秩序的优势,为全球政治传播新秩序贡献中国经验。     

“台湾人”群体对中国大陆的刻板印象

当代台湾已经形成"台湾人群体",而视大陆人为"他群",他们对大陆的刻板印象多是负面的,从而形成偏见与歧视,对两岸关系造成严重的伤害。这是在两岸关系和平发展进程中,必须关注的一个问题。本文探讨"台湾人群体"对大陆的刻板印象的具体表现及其危害,并且针对现阶段两岸交流的情况,分析其对减少刻板印象的作用与局限,认为通过两岸群际沟通减少刻板印象,进而减少偏见与歧视需要经过相当长的过程,至于增强两岸认同,形成"两岸共同体"更需要走很长的路。     

转型时期的中国司法改革之路

当前我国的司法改革刚刚起步,然而伴随着以职业化为目标的这次改革所产生的问题却已引起人们的注意,其中司法脱离现实就是一个不可忽视的问题,如不认真反思及时加以解决甚至可能影响改革的进程。不过这些问题归根是我们改革发展中的问题,它们的解决也必须在改革中进行,并最终落脚到我国司法改革道路的反思上。针对我国司法改革的未来目标,司法职业化和精英化业已成为人们的共识,并且也已在一定的程度上得到了落实。     

中西方文化与阿拉伯伊斯兰民族文化的差异对交际与沟通的影响

由于自然条件、历史文化、宗教信仰以及民族特性等差异,世界各国形成了各自不同的风俗习惯和禁忌。在跨文化交际中,由于文化障碍而导致的信息误解现象屡见不鲜。因此,了解中西方文化与阿拉伯伊斯兰民族文化的差异对于提高跨文化交际与沟通能力有着重要的意义。