新农村建设中基层政府执行力研究

社会主义新农村建设需要强有力的基层政府执行力。要全面增强新农村建设中的基层政府执行力,就必须培育新农村建设的政府执行力文化,明确新农村建设的政府执行力方向,建立规范的新农村建设的政府执行力流程,推行绩效考核,提高政府执行力的成效,强化对政府执行力的监督,加强队伍建设。     

单位制度对审判程序公正之影响

随着改革在社会其他领域里的深化 ,产生于特定历史环境下的单位制度 ,其不合理的成分已逐步被扬弃。本文以单位制度对法院所产生的影响为切入点 ,根据它们各自所代表的社会价值和法律价值的差异 ,从制度化安排本身与程序化运作的冲突方面 ,对司法权配置、程序运作现状以及对执法主体的影响 ,做粗浅的探讨。     

A Wider Range of Friends: Multi‐speed Organising during the 2015 Labour Leadership Contest

The British Labour party's recent adoption of a partially open primary for the selection of its leader conforms to a trend seen across many European political parties of increasing rights and privileges in internal party decision‐making and expanding opportunities for more loosely affiliated supporters to participate in party activity. This dual trend can be seen as a response to changes in the membership environment, greater individualisation of political participation and growth in social movement politics and online activism. Yet as much as parties are responding to a changed membership environment, they are also driving that change, increasingly blurring the distinction between members and supporters. This article examines the recent impact of this change within the British Labour party and argues that, in line with Susan Scarrow's theory of ‘multi‐speed’ membership, the Labour party's experiment in expanding affiliation options has led directly to a tension in locating the source of authority within the party, creating a challenge for its new leader in accommodating his new supporters within his party's representative traditions.     

(Re‐)join the party! The effects of direct democracy on party membership in Europe

It has been argued that political parties are in decline. While they used to be responsible for connecting citizens to the state by translating their preferences into policies, they have increasingly become part of the state, acting as governors instead. While this perspective emphasises parties’ representative function, it is less clear what their role is in a more direct democratic context. Parties may gain support due to such context, but they may also be seen increasingly redundant in a situation where citizens can co‐decide directly. Focusing on party membership, this study tests these rival expectations on a panel of 16 West European democracies over the period 1980–2008 and finds that parties tend to have higher levels of party membership in a direct democratic context. The usage of referendums, however, does not contribute to this effect.     

虚报注册资本罪主体若干问题的思考

虚报注册资本罪是在1997年刑法修订之后新增加的一个罪名,设立该罪名的初衷就在于从刑法层面规范公司资本制度,保护市场交易的平等、安全进行。随着市场经济的不断深入,公司成为了市场经济活动中最基本也是最活跃的参与者,公司资本制度的保障对于经济交往的影响也越来越明显。特别是随着新公司法的颁布,刑法对虚报注册资本罪的规定,特别是对该罪主体的规定显得尤为抽象,给司法实践带来种种不便。本文拟就虚报注册资本罪的主体问题做一深入的探讨。     

论单位经济犯罪的概念、构成要件及其刑事责任

单位经济犯罪是指刑法规定的单位为了谋取非法经济利益且在构成单位行为的情况下实施的严重破坏市场经济秩序、依法应受刑法处罚的行为。单位经济犯罪的构成要件,是刑法规定的、决定构成要件单位经济犯罪所必需的一切客观要件和主观要件的综合。在具备单位经济犯罪构成要件的情况下,单位经济犯罪即成立,单位经济犯罪刑事责任即产生。单位经济犯罪可产生双重刑事责任,单位经济犯罪刑事责任的承担方式主要实行双罚制,单位经济犯罪刑事责任的承担形式和内容具有独特性。     

When Decentralization Leads to Recentralization: Subnational State Transformation in Uganda

Abstract

Among other shortcomings of decentralization reforms undertaken by developing countries since the 1980s, recent research finds that the reforms' primary aim—devolution of authority to localities—has often not been achieved in practice. This article builds on that insight, examining an understudied pathway through which states that have undertaken decentralization can ultimately recentralize power: administrative unit proliferation. Rapid creation of numerous new subnational administrative units is an increasingly common occurrence in developing countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. This phenomenon, I argue, allows for recentralization by reducing the intergovernmental bargaining power and administrative capacity of each subnational unit, as well as by substantially expanding both the reach of the national executive's patronage network and its ability to monitor emergent security threats on its periphery. The article illustrates these mechanisms with evidence from Uganda.     

事业单位改革的五点思考

事业单位改革是中国改革的重要环节,其影响力和难度不亚于国有企业改革。本文着重围绕推进事业单位改革应考虑的五个方面进行深入探讨,提出了改革的前提是科学分类、支撑是理论构建、重点是体制机制、方法是积极稳妥、保障是法制建设的观点。     

An identity‐based understanding of intergroup conflict

As conflict has at its basis a contest of ideas, values or resources between two or more groups, a comprehensive understanding of intergroup conflict must take into account the psychological processes that make groups and group behavior meaningful. Because individuals value and internalize identities relevant to their social, geographic, economic, historical and political positions, any devaluation, loss or imposed change to one of those identities is likely to be particularly threatening. The Social Identity Approach formulates an understanding of how these identity‐based motivations interact with social structures to predict intergroup conflict. Importantly, it also provides an explanation of how procedural justice mechanisms can be utilized to guide conflicting interests to common cooperative goals that can be accepted and pursued. By having representation and participation of relevant actors in the development of a shared identity, as is this case when nation states are formed or re‐created, threat is reduced, legitimacy built and the basis for positive intergroup relations created.