水工程与水权

水工程涉及多种民事权利类型 ,水权只是其中一类。水工程的所有权或者用益权自身不包含、不产生水权 ,水工程用益权与水权各为独立的权利 ,所谓水利工程供水水权概念易生误会 ,应弃之不用。水工程所有权原则上归投资者享有 ,于是有必要承认地方所有权、部门所有权、法人所有权。南水北调涉及水资源所有权、水权、水工程所有权、水工程用益权 ,不可一律归结为水权。     

试论水利改革与WTO－－兼论引黄工程提前“入世”

我国加入WTO给水利行业带来良好的发展机遇 ,同时它也要求水利改革必须融入市场经济。山西引黄工程提前“入世”的实践 ,更进一步论证了入世对我国水利改革发展的促进作用。     

改革发展中的劳动就业与工会的维权工作

就业是民生之本。改革以来,中国在劳动就业方面取得了突出的成就,初步形成了市场导向的就业机制。受人口增长的历史影响,中国当前和今后长时期将面临严峻的就业挑战。当前中国就业环境的变化特征是:劳动力供求矛盾突出,"强资本弱劳工"格局日趋明显;就业结构性矛盾严重,弱势劳工群体问题凸显;劳动力流动性增强,劳动关系的安全性下降;城镇失业率迅猛上升,社会保障亟待完善。劳动就业方面的这些变化特征要求今后工会工作应以中华全国总工会提出的"积极促进就业,稳定就业岗位,减少失业"为中心,在新的起点上,以新的思路、新的标准、新的要求实现新的突破,更好地维护职工的劳动权益。     

依托工会组织优势夺取抗击"非典"斗争的全面胜利

在抗击"非典"的艰巨斗争中,工会组织必须发挥自身优势,加强对职工的思想政治工作,维护职工的合法权益,力争取得抗"非典"斗争的胜利和经济社会全面稳定的发展.     

对《女职工劳动保护规定》的修改建议

1988年的《女职工劳动保护规定》是符合当时历史条件的,但从目前现实情况看,其适用主体、原则、范围、具体内容、法律救济途径、法律责任等规定都需要重新审视,应当进行全面修改。     

The New Water Legislation of Zimbabwe and South Africa – Comparison of Legal and Institutional Reform

Recently, several new pieces of water legislation have been promulgated in both Zimbabwe and the Republic of South Africa. The new acts are an attempt to correct injustices of a colonial past and to trigger development towards effective, equitable and efficient integrated water resources management influenced by the policy decisions in Agenda 21 and the need to respect economic and social human rights. This article aims at identifying and describing factors of prime importance in the process of legal and institutional reform. Major factors are earmarked and derived from the proceedings in Zimbabwe and are compared with the situation in South Africa. Thorough analysis by the author of proceedings, preambles, memoranda, legislation and addenda has induced roughly 5 major reform issues: The call for equitable water distribution based on a widely consented water resources management strategy; The need for effective and efficient integrated water resources management conducive to stakeholder participation through decentralisation processes; The redressing of legal shortcomings in former water legislation with the emphasis on the introduction of integrated approaches; The introduction of instruments of cost recovery for water resources management; The need to develop human resources capacity and institutional strength within the implementing agencies.For both Southern African states, these issues appear to be of comparable importance as major triggers for legal and institutional reform, although not always in the same sense.The resulting most important legal and institutional changes are presented, discussed and compared. Finally, prospects for and constraints on implementation of the new water legislation in these countries are compared.     

自由·人权·法治——人性的解读

自由是基于人类本性的一种需要 ,而人满足需要的特有方式又决定了“凡是自由 ,皆有限度” ;反映人类共有需要的人权 ,不完全等同于可能包含个人特征的“个人权” ,一国人权的具体内容取决于该国最大限度满足公民需要的客观条件 ;以保护、发展基本人权为核心的现代法治必须以反映人类共性的社会基本伦理为基础。     

关于“唯一指定产品”称号的法律思考

“唯一指定产品”称号已频繁出现于各种广告之中 ,其在社会经济生活中的广泛适用 ,对活跃市场经济具有不可或缺的作用。“唯一指定产品”称号在本质上应属于商誉权 ,国家应适时立法对其进行依法保护。     

评“人权高于主权”

近年来西方某些国家炮制了一种所谓"新干涉主义"理论,并在国际关系中执意加以推行.这一论调的症结在于歪曲了人权与主权的关系,“人权高于主权”不仅与“新干涉主义”相表里,而且是它的核心.文章分析了“新干涉主义”及其“人权高于主权”理论出笼的背景、内涵和实质,指出它标志着霸权主义的新发展.     

The Queen and the `Bolton Seven'

This note examines the case of a group of gay men who, having engaged in consensual sexual acts together, became known as the `Bolton Seven' following their conviction in 1998 for offences of buggery and/or gross indecency. More particularly the note scrutinises the implications of the ages of the participants (one of whom, at 17 , was unable to give lawful consent to sexual intercourse with a man) in the light of the enactment of Part I of the Sex Offenders Act 1997 which introduces a system of compulsory registration by some convicted and cautioned sex offenders with the police (including men convicted of, or cautioned for, buggery or gross indecency). The note explores the justification for inclusion of these offences within the remit of the1997 Act together with the cultural construction of gay men as predatory and as constituting a risk to younger members of society. It also analyses some of the effects of the registration requirement in terms of it constituting a potential violation of fundamental rights such as equality and respect for private life. This discussion is located particularly within the context of the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights and the introduction of the Human Rights Act 1998 in the U.K.. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.