‘That splendid body of women’: nursing,professional registration,and suffragette militancy

ABSTRACT

In the decades before World War One, a group of women fought for their right to control their own futures, claiming that their governance was in the hands of men whose interests lay in keeping women subservient. Initially articulated by an educated, middle-class few, the women's demands were embraced by widening numbers of both women and men. They saw their hopes dashed on several occasions by political manoeuvring, and only after WWI did their demands begin to be met. This is not an account of the women’s suffrage movement, but rather of the fight for the registration of trained nurses. Both movements claimed the right of women to be actors in their public lives and both faced public condemnation for transgressing social boundaries. The two movements interacted, with nurses connecting their struggle to the wider call for women's rights, and with the suffrage movement foregrounding nurses as disenfranchised women professionals.     

Networks and campaigns but not movements: collective action in the disciplining Chinese State

Popular protest, civil society organizing, and non-governmental organizations have become notable features in China’s socio-political development. A mounting body of research has documented both opening opportunity structures and remaining restrictions when it comes to collective action within the authoritarian state. However, given the wide range of definitions and interpretations that are at play in the literature, it can be difficult to distinguish between different forms of collective action and determine which actions represent actual movements. This article argues that a refocus towards the basic components that constitute movement action can provide more clarity and help explain the limitations, as well as the opportunities, that surround collective action within authoritarian states. To illustrate, the article studies the organizational growth, networking, and collective action that have occurred in connection with AIDS in China. It finds that political restrictions and other coordination challenges prevent the mobilization of actual social movements.     

国民革命时期的宋庆龄与妇女运动

宋庆龄在国民革命时期的妇女运动中扮演着重要的角色,是这一时期妇女运动的参与者、推动者,更是国共两党开展妇女运动的融合者。1925年孙中山逝世后,宋庆龄独立参政,利用自己特殊的地位和卓越的政治能力,为妇女运动的推进作出了贡献。正是因为有宋庆龄这样的杰出女性,才使得近代以来中国的女权运动主要由男性精英指导与推动的局限得以突破。她以女性领袖的身份激励妇女追求男女平等,实现妇女参政议政,将中国的妇女运动与国民革命的潮流融合,打破了原来孤立而有限的争取男女平等的运动。     

延安时期青年妇女运动的基本经验

延安时期青年妇女运动的历史证明：共产党的正确领导是妇女运动取得成功的根本保证;实事求是、从实际出发是妇女运动取得成功的思想路线;艰苦奋斗、扎实工作是妇女运动取得成功的优良作风。这些经验对新时期青年妇女工作具有重要启示和借鉴意义。     

略论党的十七大提出的防治腐败新策略

腐败问题是当前各国都存在的通病。腐败现象既破坏了法律的权威性及法律的有效实施,又破坏了我国社会主义的经济基础,动摇着我国社会的政治基础。腐败问题已经对党、国家和社会构成了潜在的威胁。对此,党的十七大提出了一系列的防治新策略。     

"三八"纪念与延安时期的妇女运动

延安时期,中国共产党十分重视"三八"纪念,"三八"纪念是推动妇女运动的重要杠杆:优化纪念形式,提高妇女运动的效率;维护妇女权益,巩固妇女运动的基础;服务时代主题,提升妇女运动的价值.     

经济全球化及其对西方社会运动的冲击和影响

近20年来,经济全球化加速发展,国际分工日益深化,各种生产要素的国际性流动增强,资本在生产中的地位明显上升,各国经济上的相互依存度增大。这些变化对西方国家的政府、经济和社会生活带来了巨大冲击,同时也给西方社会运动带来了不利影响。     

析GATS下有关自然人流动的具体承诺的改进

WTO各成员方针对自然人流动做出具体承诺,这些具体承诺规定了实质内容,构成GATS下自然人流动法律制度的核心。其中存在的一些不足之处成为阻碍自然人流动在GATS框架下顺利进行的主要原因,应相应地予以改进:增加承诺部门,扩大部门承诺;扩宽准入的自然人类型,切实保障发展中国家的更多参与;减少限制性条件,增加现有条件的确定性;采用GATS签证制度,订立具体承诺范本。     

Comparing the access conditions for minimum income support in four EU member states for national,EU and non-EU citizens

This research analyses the conditions imposed on national, EU and non-EU citizens who wish to access minimum income (MI) benefits within four EU Member States, specifically within Finland, France, Ireland and Spain. The primary aim is to identify and compare the required MI access conditions. Furthermore, focus is given to the residence requisites, which are discussed in relation to relevant supranational regulations in order to detect possible multilevel implications. The paper concludes with the identification of different MI conditions, such as stricter age requisites in France and Spain. Moreover, the study of national cases allows for consideration of how the EU social protection floor works at the national level. In this regard, the restrictions that affect EU/EEA migrant jobseekers and economically inactive population groups who wish to access MI in Finland, France and Ireland show the limits of the EU minimum social assistance floor, only recognised for EU/EEA migrant workers. Finally, implications arise according to human rights instruments such as the European Social Charter, which demands that social assistance shall not be confined to nationals or to certain categories of foreigners, allowing for comparison between the different personal scopes of the equal treatment principle required by the distinct supranational levels.     

Eye Movement Characteristics of Cooperation Degree during Image Completion Test in Psychiatric Impairment AssessmentCSCD

Objective: To explore the difference of eye movement characteristics between uncooperative and cooperative subjects with mental disorder after cerebral trauma. Methods: Thirty-nine subjects which needed psychiatric impairment assessment were selected. According to the binomial forced-choice digit memory test (BFDMT), all subjects were divided into cooperative and uncooperative groups. The subjects were asked to take the image completion test from Wechsler adult intelligence scale. Meanwhile, the data of eye movement track, fixation, saccade, pupil and blink were recorded by the track system of eye movement. Results: There were significantly differences (P<0.05) in the data of saccade between cooperative (10 cases) and uncooperative groups (29 cases). The frequency, time, amplitude, acceleration of saccadic in uncooperative group were significantly higher than cooperation group. The saccade latencies of cooperation group increased more than uncooperative group. There was a significant difference (P<0.05) in total discrete distance, average distance and total time of fixation between two groups, while the average duration time, number and frequency of fixation had no significantly difference (P>0.05) between two groups. And the blink frequency of cooperation group was higher than uncooperative group. Conclusion: Eye movement can be an objective index for the primary judgment of cooperation level. © 2017 by the Editorial Department of Journal of Forensic Medicine.