欧洲统一市场的建立与对国家干预的规制

为了促进欧洲统一市场的建立,《欧共体条约》确定了竞争规则和自由流动规则,对成员国制定的不利于统一市场建立的政府干预措施,如授予公用企业独占权、给予国家援助、制定歧视性贸易措施、对私人破坏竞争的行为不作为等进行规制。在欧共体法院的有力保障下,这些规则在推动欧洲一体化进程中发挥了重要作用,特别是其中的竞争规则,因其具有中立、开放之品格而成为规范经济和政治关系、促进共同体市场建立的核心手段和"发动机"。     

中国雇农工会的发展与演变

雇农工会是中国革命中的一个极为重要的组织现象,是中共在马克思主义指导下结合中国实际 进行的一次伟大革命实践。雇农工会经历了理论准备与实践探索、初步建立与缓慢发展、快速发展与消亡等历 史时期。雇农工会的发展是多种因素综合作用的结果,在其发展过程中,构建了工会的三维合法性基础,即意 识形态合法性、组织形态合法性和革命行动合法性。雇农工会工作与城市工会工作共同构成中共领导下工会工 作的“一体两面”,统一于中国革命的历史进程,为中共执掌全国政权奠定了治理基础,同时也为当前背景下 加强党的领导、推进工会工作提供了历史启示。     

The Common Travel Area between Britain and Ireland

Despite its endorsement by the Treaty of Amsterdam, the origins and content of the 'common travel area' between Britain and Ireland remain largely unknown. This article relies upon published and archive material in order to provide a comprehensive analysis of the common travel area. It shows that the common travel area has been founded upon administrative agreements (in 1922 and 1952), that it has influenced the special status of Irish nationals in British law and vice versa, and that it has been reflected in the law on entry to each state from the other and in the enforcement by each state of the other's immigration policy. It goes on to argue that the existence of a land border between the two states has been the primary reason for the common travel area. The implications for the common travel area of the recent increase in immigration to Ireland are then examined. Here, it is shown there have been significant changes to Irish immigration law relating to the common travel area since 1997, and it is suggested that these new circumstances may result in further reform of laws and practices in both Britain and Ireland.     

论社会主义运动中的改革和稳定

改革和稳定是社会主义发展的关键问题.战后社会主义各国适应世界潮流,走上了改革的道路,改革的策略不同,社会主义的前途就不同.渐进式的改革,带来国家的富强、人民的富裕和社会的稳定.     

Taiwan’s Anti-Nuclear Movement: The Making of a Militant Citizen Movement

Social movement studies have constantly focused on research relating to movement strategy, without reaching a consensus on the most viable strategies for realising a movement’s goal. Instead of conceptualising movement strategy as merely a product of movement leaders’ rational calculations, this article analyses a case of strategy shift attributable to leadership replacement and unexpected events. This article examines the significant breakthroughs achieved by Taiwan’s anti-nuclear movement following Japan’s Fukushima Incident in 2011, as well as the 2014 Sunflower Movement in Taiwan. It argues that a militant citizen movement came into being because a new wave of activism employed non-partisan leadership and demonstrated a willingness to employ disruptive tactics. Mounting protests generated a split among members of the traditionally pro-nuclear Kuomintang political party, which was forced to halt the construction of the fourth nuclear power plant in 2014. With the regime change in 2016 that brought the more environment-friendly Democratic Progressive Party to power, Taiwan is now on course to phase out nuclear energy.     

民族运动“新时期”关税特别会议的形势变化

近代中国御外的民族主义运动因五卅惨案的发生而进入新时期,其重心是实行废除不平等条约和反帝国主义。在执政府向各国正式提出修改不平等条约的情况下,执政府的提议、列强的默认与社会各界针对变更(废除或修改)不平等条约和关税会议的主张,展示着关税变动趋向是恢复中国关税自主权。     

东盟自然人流动制度探析

由于作为全球性服务贸易自由化协定的GATS存在着诸多不足，以东盟为代表的区域性组织相关经济一体化安排则成为逐步消除自然人流动壁垒、提升服务业发展水平、促进服务贸易自由化的重要途径。     

Intraregional Migration,Direct Action Land Reform,and New Land Settlements in the Brazilian Amazon

This article analyses migration histories of residents in rural settlements of the Brazilian Amazon that resulted from direct action land reform (DALR), which involves organised land occupations. Our analysis evaluates two hypotheses. The ‘urban migration’ expectation asserts that urban experience is important for DALR participation, which links rural and urban areas via migration for land occupations. The ‘DALR efficacy’ hypothesis argues that migration and DALR are complementary livelihood strategies, such that participation in DALR obviates the need for further migration. Our findings support both hypotheses and bear implications for regional development and environmental change in the Amazon.     

眼动追踪仪在测谎中的应用

目的探究眼动追踪在测谎中的应用价值。方法使用随机数字法将40名被试分为两组,实验组在实施模拟犯罪后利用眼动追踪仪记录其在观察靶刺激和非靶刺激时的瞳孔直径、注视时间、注视点和眨眼次数,对照组直接采集眼动数据。采用t检验分析实验组和对照组在观察靶刺激与非靶刺激时眼球运动参数的差异,用Pearson相关系数分析存在差异的眼球运动参数之间的相关性,用受试者操作特征(receiver operator characteristic,ROC)曲线估计眼球运动参数甄别实验组与对照组的有效性。结果实验组观察靶刺激与非靶刺激时相比,平均瞳孔直径减小、注视时间延长、注视点减少(P<0.05),但眨眼次数的差异无统计学意义。对照组在观察靶刺激和非靶刺激时上述指标的差异均无统计学意义。实验组平均注视时间与注视点呈负相关(r=-0.255,P<0.05),平均注视时间与平均瞳孔直径之间呈负相关(r=-0.218,P<0.05),注视点与平均瞳孔直径之间呈正相关(r=0.09,P<0.05)。平均瞳孔直径、平均注视时间和注视点的曲线下面积分别为0.603、0.621和0.580。结论眼动追踪仪所测得的平均瞳孔直径、平均注视时间和注视点在实验室条件下可以用于测谎。