The ‘shared workplace’ agenda in Northern Ireland: lessons from local government

The study considers the ‘Shared’ Workplace agenda in Northern Ireland, which is a significant aspect of the reconciliation process. Our emphasis is on the capacity of a wide group of work-based social identifications to affect, limit, and frustrate this policy. Specifically, we address the impact of spatial and functional factors as well as occupational and professional characteristics through fieldwork in three local authorities. Interviews were held with a cross section of 65 subjects, each of whom had either been employed by or worked in partnership with one of these authorities. Our study thus contrasts with much of the literature on Northern Ireland, which is concerned with the impact of Protestant/Catholic or Unionist/Nationalist identities on such reconciliation processes in the workplace and more widely. This approach enables us to develop insights about implementation of such agendas, specifically concerning Northern Ireland and other deeply divided societies. In the conclusion, connections are also made between our findings and consociational forms of governance.     

Age and changing masculinities in gay–straight male workplace friendships

Abstract

Drawing on interview data gathered from 35 gay men in the UK, this article explores how age influences the negotiation of masculinity within gay–straight male workplace friendships. Study findings show that gay–straight workplace friendships between younger men appear to be framed in terms of equality, not homophobia. Older gay men also report similar experiences, some suggesting how these friendships were not possible in their youth. Gay and straight men of a similar age are also united in friendship by their experiences of ageing and its implications for carrying out work. Interview data also reveal how gay–straight male friendships are constrained at work, thus limiting the opportunities for emotional openness and physical tactility. Overall, the study reveals how younger and older gay men, and their straight male friends, variously align themselves to inclusive masculinities within friendship. This article contributes to inclusive masculinity theory by extending the types of contexts currently studied, both relational and work-related, and adding further emphasis to the contextually contingent nature of inclusive masculinities. It also advances the limited literature on gay–straight friendships by highlighting how they might challenge and reshape the heteronormative contours of work contexts.     

The Nature and Incidence of Workgroup Innovation in the Australian Public Sector: Evidence from the Australian 2011 State of the Service Survey

Using data from a nationally representative survey of all Australian Government employees, we explore the nature of innovation implemented at the workgroup level and assess the multi‐dimensionality of the workgroup's ‘most significant innovation’ (MSI). Of the 10222 survey respondents, 48% reported at least one innovation implemented by their workgroup, with an innovation more commonly reported with an increase in the respondent's age, seniority, and service experience; among men and university graduates. The results reveal that 54% of the reported MSIs incorporate between two and five dimensions of innovation types (policy, service, service delivery, administrative/organizational, and conceptual), and most of these dimensions reinforce each other. Different dimensions of the MSI draw on different sources of ideas (with senior leaders having the broadest impact), face different ‘revealed’ barriers, require different levels of workplace creativity, and produce different beneficial effects. Our findings help strengthen an understanding of the influencing factors and the effects of multi‐dimensional public sector innovations.     

职场性骚扰受害妇女的法律救济

近年来,中国大陆发生了十余起性骚扰诉讼案件,以职场中女性遭受男上司、男同事性骚扰为主。因中国私法尚未对性骚扰侵权行为予以调整,致使当事人被动迎合现有案由,法院也因缺乏相应法律依据各自审理裁判。本文在分析几起典型的职场性骚扰案例的基础上,借鉴国外禁止性骚扰的立法经验,结合中国国情,提出了防止职场性骚扰的立法建议,以期对职场性骚扰受害妇女有所帮助。     

职场性骚扰案件的证据问题

职场性骚扰案件中,直接证据固然重要,但此类案件的特点决定了原告取得的往往是间接证据。法官应综合运用间接证据,运用逻辑推理和生活经验,对案件作出整体判断。同时,中国应修改证据规则,规定对证人拒不出庭作证采取强制措施,并应降低此类案件的证明标准,以应对原告举证难的困境。     

职场性骚扰雇主替代责任说质疑

雇主对职场中发生的性骚扰行为承担责任的性质,存在着替代责任说和自己责任说两种相对立的观点。解决职场性骚扰情况下雇主责任的承担有两种路径：侵权责任法和劳动法。通过侵权责任法解决职场性骚扰的责任,雇主承担对自己安全保障义务违反的不作为责任,属于过错责任,自己责任。在劳动社会保障法领域,雇主承担对劳动者保护的法定义务,应该提供给劳动者较好的工作环境,如果雇员违反法定义务致使雇员受到损害,雇主应该承担赔偿责任,是违反劳动法规定的法定义务承担的后果,其实质仍然是一种自己责任。     

公仆式领导对公务员下属服务动机的双元激发路径:职场精神力与LMX中介视角

虽然公仆式领导与公共服务动机近年来在各自领域取得了丰富的研究成果,但是学界对两者关系及其作用机理仍然缺乏了解。为了填补这一研究缺口,本研究在将公共服务动机拓展到服务动机(含公共服务动机和组织服务动机)的基础上,通过390个公务员样本检验了公仆式领导对下属服务动机的影响效应与作用机制。主要得到如下研究结果:所开发的组织服务动机量表具有良好的信效度;公仆式领导对下属公共服务动机、组织服务动机、职场精神力、领导成员交换关系(LMX)有正向影响,证实了职场精神力和LMX在上级公仆式领导和公务员下属公共服务动机、组织服务动机关系中起完全中介作用,说明公仆式领导对下属兼具道德示范与情感传递的双元激发路径;"领导下属价值观一致性"在公仆式领导对下属公共服务动机、组织服务动机影响中起正向调节作用。结果表明领导者可通过公仆式领导风格以身作则激发下属(尤其是价值观相似的下属)从事公共服务与组织服务的动机。     

工作场所母乳喂养及其影响因素分析

工作场所母乳喂养问题,不仅事关女职工权益保护、母婴身心健康,而且对我国实施“三孩”政策后如何平衡企业用工压力与女职工权益保护需求之间的张力,具有现实且积极的研究价值。研究从个人、组织和社会结构三个层面对影响工作场所母乳喂养的因素进行分析。研究结果表明：在个体层面,学历对母乳喂养整体时长与返岗后继续母乳喂养时长均产生影响;在组织层面,明确的规章制度是生育权益的有效保障;在社会结构层面,随着产假的增加,其对延长母乳喂养时间的影响呈现边际效益递减。因此,科学合理的产假制度和母婴友好型社会的构建,对促进母乳喂养具有特别重要的意义。研究建议,需要在宏观层面解决生育成本的合理分担,以激发企业落实生育保护政策的积极性。