Volunteering in the Arab World: Bringing Back People into Politics?

This article analyzes the concept of volunteering in the Arab world. The main argument is that the nature of the Arab world in addition to the historical development of civil society directly affected the philosophy of volunteering in the region. Since civic services were not framed nor included in the national agendas of the state, this had a direct negative effect on the development of the act. However, due to social, economic, and political factors, this trend is changing: As of 2000, organizations and societies started to understand the importance of volunteering and its link to the social and economic revival of societies; Arab states started to encourage the act by providing the right legal and political environment. However, these different policies are not building democratic societies nor encouraging civic engagement. The article concludes with recommendations for how to bring people back into civic and political society as well as suggestions for future research.     

论网络虚拟财产的性质及其刑法规制

随着信息技术的不断发展,“网络虚拟财产”已与现实的生活建立起越来越紧密的联系。随着网络行业行为的规范化和网络技术的飞快发展,许多公民在这个虚拟世界生活、工作和游戏,一个巨大的新兴产业已经形成,同时暴露出的关于网络虚拟财产的矛盾也越来越激化。如何保护网络虚拟财产在法律上还是一个盲点;由此导致的社会问题也随之而来。本文通过对网络虚拟财产的性质进行一系列分析,然后对网络虚拟财产进行刑法上的分析讨论,并对如何规制网络虚拟财产进行刑法上的论述,本文能对虚拟财产的立法完善起到参考作用。     

“网络招嫖”现状分析及防治对策

近年来,一些违法犯罪人员利用网络进行招嫖活动,并逐年呈现高增长和蔓延趋势,严重影响了社会和谐,败坏了社会风气。为此,社会各方面必须统一认识,形成合力,采取有效措施对“网络招嫖’’违法活动进行综合治理：加强对互联网的监控和管理;进一步加强网络文化建设;加大对“网络招嫖”的打击力度;运用综合治理健全长效管理机制。     

The nature of the beast: are citizens’ juries deliberative or pluralist?

Citizens’ juries are a form of “minipublics,” small-scale experiments with citizen participation in public decision-making. The article presents a theoretical argument that improves understanding relating to the design of the citizens’ jury. We develop the claim that two discourses on democracy can be discerned: the deliberative and the pluralist. By looking at the design features of citizens’ juries we conclude that they are based on pluralist reasoning to a far greater extent than most authors seem to realize, and that the association with deliberative democracy is therefore one-sided. Based on empirical findings, we attempt to shed further light on the actual operation of citizens’ juries. Observations of two recent Dutch juries suggest on the one hand that a learning process and a positive effect on the sense of political involvement occurred. On the other hand, we saw a certain level of groupthink in one of the citizens’ juries, and found that the juries are not greatly representative in terms of political preferences. Our findings point firstly to a need for greater awareness among the organizers of juries of the two democratic discourses. This would lead to more consistent jury design. Secondly, our research emphasizes the need for more hands-on critical research of minipublics.

“以人为本”——网络媒体发展趋势

因为在形式方面暗中契合了"以人为本"这一信仰,20世纪末,作为"第四媒体"的网络在全球范围内迅速崛起,并获得巨大发展.但是当前网络媒体还存在不少发展瓶颈,在内容方面人文精神的缺失,又使得网络媒体目前距离主流媒体还有较长一段距离.从长远发展来看,"以人为本"应为其发展趋势.     

Avoiding the internet of insecure industrial things

Security incidents such as targeted distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks on power grids and hacking of factory industrial control systems (ICS) are on the increase. This paper unpacks where emerging security risks lie for the industrial internet of things, drawing on both technical and regulatory perspectives. Legal changes are being ushered by the European Union (EU) Network and Information Security (NIS) Directive 2016 and the General Data Protection Regulation 2016 (GDPR) (both to be enforced from May 2018). We use the case study of the emergent smart energy supply chain to frame, scope out and consolidate the breadth of security concerns at play, and the regulatory responses. We argue the industrial IoT brings four security concerns to the fore, namely: appreciating the shift from offline to online infrastructure; managing temporal dimensions of security; addressing the implementation gap for best practice; and engaging with infrastructural complexity. Our goal is to surface risks and foster dialogue to avoid the emergence of an Internet of Insecure Industrial Things.     

基于网络药理学研究丹蛭降糖胶囊治疗糖尿病的分子机制

目的 采用网络药理学方法研究丹蛭降糖胶囊治疗糖尿病的潜在分子机制。方法 借助中药系统药理学平台和Swiss Target Prediction数据库检索丹蛭降糖胶囊的化学成分、对应作用靶标及靶标基因。通过GeneCards获取糖尿病相关靶点,将复方活性成分靶点和糖尿病靶点构建韦恩图,以寻找交集靶点,获得丹蛭降糖胶囊治疗糖尿病的预测靶标。利用Cytoscape 3.7.2软件构建药材-化合物-靶点（基因）网络,筛选关键化合物。利用STRING网站建立交集靶点蛋白相互作用网络,选出关键靶点基因。借助R软件对共同靶点进行GO分析和KEGG通路富集分析。结果 丹蛭降糖胶囊作用于糖尿病的活性成分有25个,相关靶基因76个。GO和KEGG分析结果显示,丹蛭降糖胶囊治疗糖尿病的机制共涉及1 702条生物学过程和149条信号通路。结论 丹蛭降糖胶囊治疗糖尿病的关键成分槲皮素、木犀草素、山奈酚等可能通过对AGE-RAGE、IL-17、TNF、HIF-1等信号通路的调控,最终达到治疗糖尿病的效果。其作用机制可能与抗炎,降低氧化应激水平,参与细胞的凋亡与损伤有关。     

Background levels of body fluids and DNA on the shaft of the penis and associated underpants in the absence of sexual activity

This study examines the background of blood, saliva, semen and autosomal DNA on penile swabs and underpants from males in the absence of recent sexual activity. Based on the data collected by the AFSP Body Fluid Forum, the results of this study show that; there is a very low expectation of detecting blood on penile swabs and male underpants; a low expectation of detecting saliva on penile swabs and male underpants; and spermatozoa would be expected in less than a quarter of penile swabs and three quarters of male underpants. As none of the samples had detectable levels of DNA which were suitable for meaningful comparison that did not match the donor or their partner, the expectation of detecting a DNA profile from the cellular background on penile swabs or underpants from a male who has not been involved in recent sexual intercourse is very low. The results of this study are extremely informative when evaluating the significance of blood, saliva, semen and DNA detected on the penile swabs and underpants of males in cases of alleged sexual assault.     

“网络舆论审判”中的符号暴力及其风险治理北大核心SSCI

“网络舆论审判”作为国家机器缺场下的网络互动行为,在法理、司法程序、舆论传播等研究方向引起了学界广泛关注,但该现象身后潜藏的社会性生产机制尚待进一步探究。符号暴力的“动力/工具机制”用来剖析“网络舆论审判”体现了很好的恰适性:一方面,传统道德规范在维序社会结构稳定、编织社会成员行动逻辑的同时,同样可能在网络议题中以符号暴力的形式,指导民众在自我规训下投入“网络舆论审判”的建构与再生产;另一方面,凭托于网络社会之扁平化、脱域性等空间特性,“网络舆论审判”可能在信息技术的符号化实践中流变为僭越法理、消解权威的失范行为展演。针对“网络舆论审判”于政治制度、空间秩序以及社会心态等领域所展现的风险特征,亟须将其纳入国家社会治理体系进行多维度的制度规范引导与文化矫正干预。