浙江畲族宗法制度初探

浙江畲族宗法制度独具特色,表现为畲族妇女在宗族、家庭中的地位较高,畲族家法族规以训诫为主、惩罚为辅,畲族婚姻礼仪中保留了古代婚俗的特点。它既存在着维持畲族的生存和繁衍,维护畲族团结、增强民族凝聚力,促进畲族经济发展,有利于畲族村民自治的积极作用,同时也存在着一些消极的作用。     

伪满洲国“地方自治”的虚伪性——以特别市与市制为中心的考察

为了标榜殖民统治的正当性,日本侵略者刻意鼓吹在伪满洲国实行所谓的"地方自治"。在实行的特别市和市制中,设置了"自治委员会"和"咨议会"等议决和咨询机关,为其蒙上了一层"进步"的色彩。然而当我们深入对其进行考察后发现,伪满洲国所设计的"地方自治"充满了虚伪性,它无法掩盖日本侵略者对伪满洲国统治的侵略本质。     

Developing Bureaucracies for Environmental Governance: State Authority and World Bank Conditionality in Laos

This paper considers the on-going production of bureaucracies for environmental governance in developing countries and the ways in which donor engagement is reshaped through localised bureaucratic dynamics. In Laos, World Bank conditions associated with the Nam Theun 2 hydropower project saw the establishment of the Watershed Management and Protection Authority (WMPA). I examine internal dynamics at the WMPA headquarters in Nakai District, including formal institutions for forest management, informal institutions for recognising local authority and wealth redistribution and the personal aspirations of WMPA officials. In doing so, this piece contributes to current discussions about donor-driven institutional change, practices of state-making and the local “technocrats” who are personally confronted by the complex intersections of donor conditionality and state authority.     

论著作权集体管理中的私人自治——兼评我国集体管理制度立法的谬误

在著作权集体管理制度中,保证权利人、集体管理组织与使用者的私人自治,是集体管理得以发挥其制度优势,并在交易成本问题上优于其他类似制度的前提.私人自治的贯彻,既能实现市场供求信息在权利人与集体管理组织之间及时传递,也能保证定价机制随利用方式的变化灵活调整.由于我国集体管理组织由政府主导构建,因而缺乏私人自治存在和适用的土壤,使集体管理组织在运作中引发诸多社会矛盾.只有改变公权力的干预,并通过立法将私人自治体现在集体管理制度中,才能真正实现许可效率与传播效率的协调发展.     

Reconciliation Arguments in John Rawls’s Political Philosophy

Abstract

Recently debates about the worth of “ideal theory” have directed attention to the functions that an account of a perfectly just society can serve. One function is that of “reconciliation”: learning that a seemingly undesirable feature of the social world would exist even in the perfectly just society can show us the value that it has in the present as well. John Rawls has emphasized reconciliation as among the roles of political philosophy. For instance, Rawls claims that his theory of justice can reconcile us to the pluralism of liberal democracies. In this essay, I argue that Rawls’s political theory also can reconcile the inhabitants of liberal democratic societies to the fact that such societies may be cognitively confusing on account of their complexity. Then I contend that Rawls’s work offers valuable theoretical resources for analysing a society’s transparency or lack thereof.     

Autonomy and Psychic Socialization: From Non-Alienated Labour to Non Surplus Repressive Sublimation

Abstract

The work of Herbert Marcuse, unlike that of certain of his col leagues at the Institut für Sozialforschung, is most often maligned as being excessively positive and identitarian. His work on Freud, for example, is criticized for being grounded in a crude biological determinism which points towards an ultimate reconciliation of both psychic and social conflict. This essay will attempt to counter such readings by critically juxtaposing Marcuse's concept of non-repressive sublimation with Cornelius Castoriadis's understanding of psychic socialization. It will be suggested that the affinities between Marcuse and Castoriadis's appropriations of Freudian metapsychology reveals the degree to which the former can be read as a radical democratic thinker affirming the values of autonomy and creativity. This reading demonstrates that Marcuse has much to contribute to contemporary debates on the role of the aesthetic and the sensuous in democratic theory.     

History,memory and nation building in the post-Soviet colonial space

This is an article on Bolshevik nationalities policy and ethnic engineering, asking who, in fact, decided which populations belonged together as ethnic groups (narodnost') and thus had the right of national self-determination, and how the level of autonomy was determined for each ethnic unit. Scholars have dealt with Russian and Soviet nationalities issues for decades already, but they have turned their attention mainly to the larger nationalities (at the level of SSR, and to a lesser degree the levels of ASSR and autonomous oblast). I argue that the lower levels of national territorial autonomy in the Soviet Union (national okrug, raion, volost', and selsovet) are worthy of greater academic attention, at least from the ethnological point of view. Having this kind of low-level territorial autonomy has often been a question of to be or not to be for the small ethnic groups concerned, and hence the subject is connected with the question of preservation of cultural and linguistic diversity in Russia.     

The Dangerous Ideal of Autonomy

The ideal of autonomy has a positive and a negative aim. Its positive aim is to create the conditions in which more and more people can be more and more autonomous. Its negative aim is to prevent actions that cause serious harm and are normally both immoral and criminal. These two aims are incompatible. Increasing autonomy increases the frequency of crimes and decreasing the frequency of crimes requires decreasing autonomy. The incompatibility of these two aims has radical implications for much current thinking about criminal justice.     

国际商事仲裁自治性强化背景下的弱势方保护——法国的经验及启示

仲裁的自治性是仲裁存在和发展的前提,法国赋予了国际商事仲裁高度自治性,严格限制法院的审查范围和力度,但是弱势方的利益保护问题也亟待解决。为此法国法对仲裁协议的效力作出限制性规定,同时注重维护仲裁员公正性。此外法国允许市场力量的介入,向弱势方提供了应对仲裁风险的保险工具。中国在强化国际商事仲裁自治性的同时,也须考虑由此带来的仲裁弱势方保护问题,应首先界定法律给与特殊保护的对象范围,在此基础上制定配套性规则,在仲裁管辖权和仲裁员指定方面对弱势方作出倾斜性的规定,同时允许保险人开发争议解决保险服务,提高弱势方的抗风险能力。     

论美国乡村自治法律制度——以《纽约乡村法》为例

乡村自治作为美国地方自治制度的当然组成部分,却一直缺少联邦和州层面的专门法,这与其高度的地方自治形成了鲜明的反差。事实上,以《纽约乡村法》为代表的美国乡村自治法律,无论是成文法,还是不成文法,均有成熟的法理念支持,而且有完善的法律体系。主要体现在,村民自主与政府特许相结合的社团村设立模式、村民选任与村长聘任兼备且功能完整的议事执行机构、高度自治并成良性循环的内生公共秩序、充分独立的立法权和财税权、公平正义的民意表达程序、强制手段和惩戒措施并重的权利救济机制。这种乡村自治法律制度的立法样板,对我国村民自治法律制度的完善具有重要的借鉴作用。