The Trip – A Case of Problematic Friendship?

In Sweden, there have been several cases in recent years where local politicians and officials have been accused of corrupt behaviour. This article concerns one such case, where a Chairman of the Municipal Board and a County Governor were invited by a wealthy business man to the inauguration of a vacation facility abroad. Their travel costs and lodgings were paid for by the business man, whose firm also sold equipment to the municipality as well as the county. When the trip became known to the prosecutors at the Swedish National Anti-Corruption Unit, a police investigation was conducted and charges raised against them for giving (the business man) and receiving (the Chairman and the County Governor) bribes. Eventually, after two trials (District Court and Court of Appeal), the Chairman, County Governor, and the business man were cleared of all charges against them. The trip was viewed by the courts as a gift, not a bribe. It is argued that the case raises interesting questions about entangled friendship relations and the blurred boundaries between private and professional roles which are important for understanding local corruption (and allegations of corruption) in Sweden. Therefore, the article's main focus concerns what could be described as actions in the grey zone.     

侵犯商业秘密罪疑难问题探析

由于立法的不明确和社会现实的复杂性,侵犯商业秘密罪构成要件的相关内容在理论界争议颇多,在适用上也存在一定困难.明确侵犯商业秘密罪构成要件的内涵和外延,并就重大损失的认定以及计算方法,非法获取行为是否应入罪,犯罪主观方面是否包括过失等疑难问题的探讨,在理论上有助于深化对侵犯商业秘密罪的认识,在实践上可以准确认定侵犯商业秘密罪与非罪的界限.     

The exploitation of Business Register data from a public sector information and data protection perspective: A case study

Business Registers (BRs) are a very important information resource for investors, creditors, financial institutions and public authorities. The possibility to aggregate and interconnect these data at a European level could enhance the transparency of companies towards those actors and add a great deal of value to the raw Business Register data. The European BRITE project intended to provide adequate tools to meet these demands. BRITE will provide easier access and cross-border interoperability of Business Register data throughout Europe. On the other hand, the processing of BR data within the BRs and BRITE triggers several important European legislations such as the Data Protection Directive and the Directive on the re-use of public sector information. In this paper, the processing of BR data will be analysed from the perspective of both data protection and public sector information laws, analysing as well the relation between both regulations. Do these regulations strike an optimal balance between the interests of private data vendors to re-use BR data and enhance business transparency and the need to protect the personal data of natural persons?     

How Situational Crime Prevention Contributes to Social Welfare

Situational crime prevention has been met with considerable scepticism from academic criminologists primarily for its indifference to social welfare. It has been seen as contributing to a law-and-order agenda with its focus on making public places secure for business and as supplanting social welfare policies as means of responding to crime. But situational crime prevention contributes more to social welfare than sceptics allow and its advocates (may) believe. Situational crime prevention has enjoyed its fullest and robust expression, not in the free-market, neo-liberal environment of America, but within the leading welfare states of Norway, Sweden and Denmark. This essay considers the politics of the situational approach, the alleged benefits of social crime prevention, criminalisation of social policy, unplanned social welfare benefits, assumptions about the role of business, and concerns about privacy, surveillance and control. The discussion centres on the European experience: the UK, France, The Netherlands and the Nordic countries.

商业贿赂的界定与刑法的制度契合

商业贿赂已成为危害社会主义市场经济的毒瘤,也侵蚀了国家廉政制度体系,亟待刑事法律的规制。鉴于商业贿赂的内涵与外延尚需理论与实践的进一步界定,刑法应以修正和完善贿赂犯罪的相关构成要件作为制度契合的主要方式,以此积极响应反商业贿赂的迫切形势。     

个人理财业务发展存在的问题及对策

目前,个人理财业务在我国尚处于起步阶段,但市场前景十分广阔。各家商业银行应积极付诸行动,针对其发展中存在的同质化、定位高、缺乏高素质人才等问题,大力发展品牌化服务,创新服务渠道,开展个性化服务,积极培训理财人员,以促进个人理财业务发展。     

国有商业银行组织架构整合与再造

我国国有商业银行组织架构整合与再造的思路应该是:整体组织系统要按现代商业银行的原则和运作模式构建,围绕客户进行业务流程再造,优化经营管理层次,逐步建立以纵向推动为主的事业部制。     

营业:商法理论的核心范畴

作为独立的部门法,商法与民法的主要区别并不在于营利性,而是在于营业性的有无。《德国商法典》和《日本商法典》借助“营业”这一科学范畴,奠定了商法理论的构架和“新商人主义”立法的科学体系。     

政府效能、腐败规制对营商环境的优化效应研究——来自跨国面板数据的经验证据

本文基于2010-2014年跨国面板数据来考察政府效能、腐败规制对营商环境的优化效应,为改善我国的营商环境提供了跨国的经验证据。通过运用双向固定效应模型进行评估发现:(1)一国政府效能的提高与腐败规制强度的增加能够显著地改善营商环境,且交互效应结果显示,二者之间是相互促进的。(2)进一步的分组回归发现,高收入国家由于"先发"优势,政府效能的改善与腐败规制强度增加对营商环境改善更加明显,与中低收入国家之间呈现差序格局。基于以上结果,本研究建议:政府应该提高政府效能,打通服务工作的"最后一毫米",在降低市场主体的营商成本过程中提升其获得感;加强反腐败的力度,提高政府质量与制度供给的质量;加强智库建设,为政府效能改善与腐败规制强化提供智力支持。     

论商事主体间的治安纠纷成因及对策

商事主体间的治安纠纷，因商事主体的民事纠纷而引起，多发生在商业主体较为集中的场所和区域。其形成的原因有：市场经济的自发性是商事主体治安纠纷的根本原因：市场经济的竞争性是商事主体治安纠纷的催化剂；相邻权纠纷是商事主体治安纠纷的导火索。商事主体间治安纠纷。直接危害商事主体人身和财产安全，甚至诱发“命案”；易滋生欺行霸市类案件。扰乱当地市场秩序。建议健全“商区”誓务制度建设、完善巡逻勤务制度建设、建立多元化的纠纷解决机制等措施预防和减少商事主体间的治安间纠纷。