民族地区引进外资的投资环境分析

促进民族地区经济发展的一个重要渠道是大量吸收和引进外资 ,但长期以来民族地区投资软、硬环境方面存在的一系列不利因素制约了引资的步伐和力度。通过对民族地区利用外资的状况及制约因素的分析 ,提出从加强基础设施建设、改善引资的法治环境、规范政府行为等措施着手 ,营造有利于民族地区引进外资的投资环境。     

中国钢铁行业重组与外资的进入——以“莱钢”与阿赛洛合资案为例

中国作为世界上公认的钢铁大国,其市场集中度低下的事实也是有目共睹的。提高产业集中度、促进企业兼并重组、提高行业的国际竞争力已经成为国家钢铁行业政策的基本目标。然而,以往的经验表明,依靠行政命令的方式进行行业重组,效果并不理想。作为世界钢铁消费量第一且还在不断扩大的中国内部市场,目前尚没有完全融入世界大市场,正是这一巨大的市场需求支持着我国众多钢铁企业的生存和发展。尽管中国政府可以暂时挡住外资对我国钢铁企业的并购,但是期待这一世界瞩目的高增长市场长期为我国的钢铁企业独占并不现实,与我国改革开放的长期国策也不相符,这就意味着我国的钢铁企业迟早要面对国际钢铁企业的竞争。     

家庭依附、人力资本与女性青年的劳动参与——来自湖北省的数据

本文以2009年湖北省4442份城乡居民抽样调查数据为样本,采用计量经济学的方法,实证分析了家庭依附和人力资本对青年女性劳动力劳动参与的影响,并就我国女性劳动参与决策影响因素做了城乡对比分析。研究发现,女性的人力资本和家庭依附因素对城乡女性的劳动参与有着显著的影响,但是其劳动参与决定存在着城乡差异。在劳动参与方面,农村女性的家庭依附性较之城市女性更强一些,而人力资本变量对城市女性劳动参与的影响更大,年龄、文化程度、迁移以及工作流动性都对城市女性劳动参与影响显著。我国城乡女性劳动参与一年龄曲线呈M型,有着明显的阶段性就业特征。     

Empathy,distance, and blame: juror perceptions of black male homicide victims in capital cases

The courts have consistently struggled with the discriminatory imposition of the death penalty. This research employs data from the Capital Jury Project which seeks to identify arbitrariness in jurors’ decision-making. Results indicate that Black male victims are perceived to be the most likely to have a problem with drugs/alcohol and come from poor/deprived backgrounds and the least likely to be respected in the community and be perceived as innocent. Black male victims and their families also receive the least empathy from jurors, whom jurors feel the most distance from, and who are most to blame for their victimization. Results suggest the enduring racialization of violent crime and the continuing devaluation of the lives of Black males in American society.     

World Bank Lending And Other Financial Flows: Is There a Connection?

At a time when there is a serious debate about reforming the international financial architecture, it is important to understand how existing multilateral agencies affect financial flows to emerging and less-developed countries. This paper extends past research - which has focused on the International Monetary Fund - by examining the various mechanisms through which the World Bank may be associated with other financial flows, and by presenting new empirical evidence based on regression analysis. Little support is found for a positive connection. The implications of this finding for effective reform of the Bank and its various activities are then discussed.     

从首都高校控烟实践看北京市政府卫生行政职能的转变

在我国,大学生吸烟状况尤为严重,吸烟普遍无人劝阻,而他们作为未来中国的建设精英,控烟势在必行;北京市自1996年就提出争创无烟学校的口号,政府相关部门对高校控烟问题予以高度重视,并在控烟政策实施过程中加大对社会活动的卫生行政监督管理的力度等,高校控烟活动能否成功,关键就在于政府卫生行政职能的转变。本文通过调查和研究在京高校控烟政策的实施,探讨政府卫生行政职能的转变,具有相应的理论和实践意义。     

The role of authentic leadership on healthcare Street-Level Bureaucrats’ well-being during the pandemic

This study uses Conservation of Resources Theory, to explain Street-Level Bureaucrats’ (SLBs) workplace behavioural responses to threats to their well-being. We examine whether authentic leadership within street-level organisations positively impacts employee well-being by increasing SLBs’ perception of personal resources, and reducing their perceptions of work harassment. The research design comprises a survey that solicited quantitative and qualitative data from 163 healthcare SLBs working in Australian hospitals during the pandemic in April 2020. Analysis of the means indicates low levels of satisfaction with leadership and low levels of well-being for SLBs. The structural equation modelling findings show that poor leadership is associated with higher levels of work harassment and lower levels of employee well-being. Qualitative data support these findings. As healthcare workers were already listed as over-represented in the stress-related workers compensation statistics, one strategy may be to improve the level of organisational support by upskilling managers in authentic leadership behaviours with the aim of increasing their perception of support so as to increase employee well-being. This will benefit employees and their families, and the community they service.

Points for practitioners

• Street-Level Bureaucrats (SLBs) have been increasingly experiencing the public sector gap (demand outstripping supply of resources) because of the dominance of the austerity-driven managerialist paradigm.
• The recent COVID-19 crisis amplified the severity and impact of the public sector gap causing increased perceptions of work harassment and reductions in SLBs’ well-being.
• However, SLBs with high levels of Psychological Capital had a natural buffer in place to protect their well-being, and as such, they perceived less work harassment and erosion of their well-being.
• The way forward is to complement the austerity-driven managerialist paradigm in management decision-making with authentic leadership behaviours focused on maximising the well-being of SLBs and the public.