漳州战役的胜利原因及其重要影响

1932年4月20日,毛泽东率领红军攻克漳州,取得大胜。漳州战役是赣州战役失败后毛泽东、周恩来共同决策转败为胜的胜利之役。红军入漳开创了我军攻占城市、践行人民军队宗旨的范例。漳州大捷不失为中央苏区发展巩固走向鼎盛的开局之战。     

中央苏区的社会问题与党的社会工作

中华苏维埃共和国临时中央政府的成立标志着中国共产党局部执政的初步实践。但当时恶劣的社会生态环境、陈旧的思想观念和社会风俗以及简陋的医疗卫生条件和异常的社会恶习给党的社会工作带来了艰巨的任务。为此,中国共产党实事求是地在中央苏区开展了思想文化教育革新、禁烟禁毒、改造流氓、解放妇女、保护儿童、卫生防疫以及建立健全社会保障制度等一系列的社会工作,取得了很大的成效。其成功经验也为今天我们党加强社会管理有重要的启示意义。     

World Bank Lending And Other Financial Flows: Is There a Connection?

At a time when there is a serious debate about reforming the international financial architecture, it is important to understand how existing multilateral agencies affect financial flows to emerging and less-developed countries. This paper extends past research - which has focused on the International Monetary Fund - by examining the various mechanisms through which the World Bank may be associated with other financial flows, and by presenting new empirical evidence based on regression analysis. Little support is found for a positive connection. The implications of this finding for effective reform of the Bank and its various activities are then discussed.     

The new great game in Central Asia post 2014: The US “New Silk Road” strategy and Sino-Russian rivalry

With the planned US and NATO withdrawal from Afghanistan in 2014 looming ever closer, and Central Asia's own future increasingly in doubt, major powers are all competing to enhance their influence in Central Asia. 2014 may mark a regional tipping point, but none can accurately predict how the regional balance might shift after the NATO withdrawal from Afghanistan. During 2009–2010, the signs of growing Russian dependence on China in terms of economy and energy were palpable, as were the signs of China successfully subordinating Russia to its Central Asian economic agenda. In 2011–2012, it was difficult to see Russia simply acquiescing in its subordination to China without reacting to that situation negatively. Since 2011, to avoid this dependence on China, Russia has vigorously pushed for its regional integration schemes. 2011 marked the launch of the US “New Silk Road” initiative. Great power regional integration schemes, however, undermine both regional and national development.     

State as Transgressor: Šilingas versus the State—A Case Study

In a recent reflective essay written on his dual role as a scholar and public advocate, Paul Robert Magocsi with self-deprecation described himself as a loser on the margins. The sentiment of loss came with his emotional attachment to the wrong baseball team (the Dodgers rather than the Yankees) (“The Scholar as Nation-Builder”). What is clear, however, is that Magocsi is no loser in academia. My esteemed colleagues in this symposium are echoing what has become incontrovertible: Magocsi is a towering figure in Ukrainian Studies.     

集中与分权的历史逻辑——“共同纲领”时期我国宪制的建构、运行与更张

1949年《共同纲领》与《政府组织法》共同确立了堪称"四九宪制"的国家权力配置基本格局。与以苏联为代表的社会主义宪法传统不同,四九宪制虽然同奉议行合一原理为圭臬,却有自己的独特创造,表现为通过中央人民政府主席这一职位实现议、行两端的权力集中。然而决策权与执行权在规范层面的分工模糊与权能交叠,使四九宪制在实际运行中无法确保中央人民政府主席对国家事务直接和经常的领导。随着机构改革与权力重组的受挫,这一时期宪制的制度弹性逐渐耗尽,新政权的缔造者们最终通过在1954年《宪法》中对最高国务会议制度的设计实现了对议行合一体制的重设。     

基于中枢-外周-中枢闭环康复理论探讨脑卒中后平衡障碍的治疗策略

改善平衡能力是脑卒中后遗症恢复的关键。将中枢-外周-中枢闭环康复理论与针刺方法相结合,有利于脑卒中后平衡功能障碍的康复。在康复治疗过程中,可运用纠正感觉输入与强化正确运动模式等自下而上的外周干预手段,如体针疗法、核心肌群稳定性训练、中国传统功法;同时,采用激活相应脑区功能的自上而下的中枢干预手段,如头针、经颅直流电刺激、重复经颅磁刺激,整体促进脑卒中后平衡功能。     

“伊斯兰国”对中亚地区的安全威胁:迷思还是现实?

对于"伊斯兰国"是否会对中亚地区安全构成威胁以及这种威胁的程度如何,国内外学术界的看法存在诸多分歧。"伊斯兰国"通过招募中亚地区的人员和对各国的边界进行袭扰,并通过意识形态宣传扩大其价值观在中亚地区的影响力等方式,的确对该地区安全形势带来了一定的冲击。不过,"伊斯兰国"对中亚安全形势的影响是有限的。这主要是因为,"伊斯兰国"在国际反恐联盟的打击下,地面作战部队被限制在叙利亚一伊拉克境内,无法在中亚地区开展直接的攻击。此外,由于中亚伊斯兰特殊的发展经历,使"伊斯兰国"的意识形态在当地缺乏群众基础。这些因素,决定了"伊斯兰国"对中亚安全的影响主要体现在促进该地区部分极端势力思想的进一步激进化或激励部分恐怖分子发起"独狼式"恐怖活动等。随着"伊斯兰国"的战场失利,部分"圣战"分子回流中亚,需要对"伊斯兰国"与中亚安全之间的关联性予以更多关注,并尽早研究对策。