上海公民警校建设的探索与实践

公民警校建设在西方国家已经取得了显著的成效，从社会环境、警民关系、公安工作等角度来分析，创建上海公民警校是由特定的时代背景所决定的。上海结合自身公安工作和警民关系建设的现实需要，依托现有公安教育训练体系和资源，在全国公安系统中首次成立了上海公民警校。通过一年多来的规模办学和多形式、多渠道的宣传，公民警校在推进和谐警民关...     

公民治理：基层社区制度与民众参与意识

公民治理理论代表了一种新的公共行政价值观,旨在将原本松散的公民个体引入公共事务的决策和过程,以达到扩大民主参与和提高行政效率的目标。公民在社区行政中应扮演充分的积极角色,公民参与权和决定权的提高是解决政府问题的关键,行政人员的角色应转换成帮助公民表达利益并满足其共享利益。基层民主政治是我国未来民主政治建设和公共管理改革的努力方向,作为社会主义核心政治文化的基点之一,营造合理社会氛围、加强公民参与意识和完善公民参与机制,从而逐步完善符合现代社会要求的社区运作机制显得尤为重要。     

Domesticating the future?: Citizen’s income discussion in Estonia

ABSTRACT

Citizen’s income is an idea that is currently gaining ground in many parts of the world. The prospect of disappearing jobs and social exclusion that the globalized world faces has given the idea of guaranteed income a new urgency. This article is a pilot sociological study of the citizen’s income discussion in post-socialist Estonia. The article is based on qualitative research: interviews with experts from different fields and an analysis of print media. Four systematic approaches to citizen’s income are differentiated in the paper. We analyze the views on the idea in order to explore their significance for the Estonian economic status quo and welfare state.     

iGovernment: A new perspective on the future of government digitisation

Innovative use of ICT applications is rapidly becoming a cornerstone of modern government policy in every area of service, care and control. Looking beyond the individual applications and layers of digitisation, we find a hodgepodge of information flows running within and between the various public authorities, policy domains, and crossing the public/private boundary. This has consequences for the relation between government and citizens. Step by step, decision by decision, the everyday work of government is changing ‘the rules of the game’ and giving rise to “information Government” (iGovernment), without this being based on any overall strategic agenda or awareness among political decision-makers. This article places this development in a new framework and suggests a perspective on a necessary paradigm shift.     

市民社会的文化特征

现代社会是一个政治国家与市民社会相互分离而又良性互动的结构体 ,在这个结构体中 ,市民社会是基础性的领域。市民社会是个人的特殊性得到充分表现的世界 ,因此 ,市民社会的文化是一种高扬个体主体性的文化 ,它所努力创造的是一个表现个人的生活意义和生存价值的观念世界。市民社会的文化既不同于传统文化所追求的价值统一性 ,也不同于国家意识形态所欲求的思想一致性 ,而是试图在多元价值目标并存的前提条件下 ,达致社会生活的公共性、个人生活的伦理意义和不同社会主体共同的理想目标     

基层民主进程中的公民意识的培养

现代公民意识的缺乏,使得我国的基层民主建设遇到了瓶颈,出现了很多与民主价值相反的现象。社会主义市场经济的建立,使平等、民主等观念得到传播并开始深入人心;而政府在基层民主建设中的强力推动,又使人们参与意识得到加强;社会主义民主法制建设成为基层民主建设的有力保障。     

公共政策问题建构过程中的公共性研究

公共政策具有公共性,亦即处理大多数民众的问题。政策具有问题性,也就是政策以民众问题为导向,大多数民众有相同问题,政府机关将问题纳入政府议程,提出解决策略。倘若忽视公共性,公共政策就有可能变为某些个人、团体、阶层谋取私立的工具。这就要求我们在公共政策的制定和实施的过程中,必须时时关注公共性,亦即要做到在政策问题取向上的公共性。故而,首先探究公共政策问题与其公共性之意涵;其次,析探问题建构中公共性之哲学基础;最后,藉由现今流行于公共政策学界,用以展现问题建构过程中公共性的审议式民主,以及审议式民主在台湾之应用-公民会议的召开,来加以进一步说明。     

公民行政诉讼救济权的保护

我国行政诉讼法的颁布 ,标志着我国法院已开始依据其司法权对行政权进行制衡 ,并且成为监督政府行政法治化、切实保障公民的合法权益不受行政机关的侵害的重要措施。但公民的行政诉讼救济权仍受到种种制约 ,我国司法制度的改革应对公民的行政诉讼救济权予以关注。本文对公民行政诉讼救济权概念和内涵进行初步界定 ,并探讨了其保障的具体机制。     

Democratic Innovations: Reinforcing or Changing Perceptions of Trust?

Declining trust in representative institutions is considered one of the most significant political problems of our time. It is often suggested that democratic innovations—or mechanisms which aim to increase and deepen citizen participation in the political decision-making process—can help reverse this trend. However, empirical research about actual effects of participation on trust is scarce, and weakened by causality problems. With survey data representing 1,470 participants in a landmark Swedish e-petition system, the article shows that both generalized attitudes and process evaluations matter in how trust is affected by democratic innovations.     

Examining citizen participation: local participatory policymaking and democracy revisited

This article discusses developments in citizen participation and its contribution to democracy since the publication of the original article. It evaluates the continued relevance of the use of a normative framework to assess different forms of citizen participation, nuances some of the conclusions and shows how inclusion and a connection with formal decision-making remain central issues that need more scholarly attention. Moreover, the article shows how the framework has been used in advising councillors and organisers of local citizen initiatives.