制造毒品犯罪案件中的化学性问题及其侦查价值

近年来,制造毒品犯罪案件逐年增多,其中涉及化学问题。由于其化学问题的复杂性和危险性,进而引发环境问题和安全问题。文章针对制造毒品犯罪案件中的化学问题,提出了打击和预防制造毒品犯罪案件有效的侦查方法。     

新精神活性物质发展与管制综述

新精神活性物质具有更迭快、种类多、毒性强的特点,业已成为继传统毒品和合成毒品之后的"第三代毒品".新精神活性物质的出现对个人和公众健康构成越来越严峻的威胁,也对传统的毒品管制制度提出了巨大的挑战.为应对新精神活性物质问题,以联合国为平台的国际组织与国际社会均进行了一系列措施,我国于2015年出台《非药用类麻醉药品和精神...     

毒品问题与安全

毒品在全球泛滥,危害着人类安全;吸毒耗费了巨额财富,禁毒需要大量资金,毒品影响着各国经济发展。同时,制毒、贩毒助长国际恐怖活动的蔓延,使国家安全受到了威胁;毒品引发了各种犯罪与社会不稳定因素。冷战后国际禁毒合作加强,但由于毒品问题的跨国性、复杂性,毒品问题还将长期存在。     

Segmental hair analysis in order to evaluate driving performance

On the 31st of July 2002 the Lombardy local government issued a memorandum, C.R. 35/SAN, providing "guidelines to investigate drugs of abuse addiction in order to judge driving performance". About hair samples, this memorandum advises that the proximal lock of 6 cm-length would be analysed for opiates, cocaine, cannabinoids, amphetamine and derivatives, divided into two segments of 3 cm each. The Local Medical Driving Licence Commissions (CML) can decide whether or not to enforce these instructions; from our survey it resulted that most CMLs do not abide by the memorandum, not requiring segmental analysis. The purpose of our study was to verify whether this procedural discordance could affect analytical results and, consequently, the evaluation of the subject's driving performance. We analysed hair samples taken from subjects who were requesting the renewal of their driving licence in our Laboratory during the period from 1 August 2002 to 31 December 2006. We divided samples into two groups: (1) samples previously analysed in one single segment which resulted positive for at least one analyte, but under the cut-off (0.5 ng/mg), were re-analysed in accordance with the guidelines; (2) samples previously processed following guidelines which resulted positive in one of the segments were newly analysed in a single segment. Comparing the new results with the original ones, an increase of positive results emerged in the first group. The second set of results fully supported the first ones. These results underscore the importance of the 35/SAN memorandum, so if the guidelines had been followed there would have been a larger amount of driving licence renewal denied.     

论禁毒情报服务

禁毒情报服务要求主动服务、正确服务、及时服务和充分服务。但是,当前的禁毒情报服务　　存在服务方式被动、服务功能单一、服务内容浅层次以及服务对象主要针对执行层等问题。禁毒情报服　　务的途径主要有:查询途径、加工途径、传递途径、研究途径等。禁毒情报服务的方式主要有:个案侦查　　中的禁毒情报服务和宏观决策中的禁毒情报服务。前者有从人到案和从案到案的方式,后者有传递、交　　流及报导的方式。     

毒品犯罪特别再犯条款研究

刑法第356条设置了针对毒品再犯从重处罚的规定,但该条款却一直为刑法理论界所诟病,在司法适用中也存在诸多问题,不仅表现在对其性质问题、适用问题的争议较大,而且还存在难以实现重点打击、难以走出法律适用困境的立法缺陷。对此,应从排除对轻罪再犯从重处罚、排除数罪并罚条款适用和排除一般累犯条款适用等三个方面,实现对毒品犯罪特别再犯条款的立法完善。     

基于数据驱动建模的毒情预测方法研究

数据驱动建模是一种非因果关系建模方法,针对传统回归模型依赖于经验,含有主观和盲目因素的问题,在模型设定阶段不需要一个以既有理论(或假说)为支持的理论模型,通过对数据结构的分析,依据数据自身的变化规律,利用外推机制描述时间序列数据的变化,从而有效解决数据量较少、预测模型拟合精度较低的问题,由此提供了一条普遍适用的建模思路。     

Temperance Culture and the Repression of Scientific Inquiry Into Illegal Drug‐Altered States of Consciousness

American scientific inquiry into the understandings of drug‐altered states of consciousness is underdeveloped primarily because government regulations embedded within a temperance culture has repressed it. Despite preliminary evidence of the therapeutic value of altered states of consciousness associated with the use of illegal drugs to both physical and mental health, science has been able to do little to understand this potential. Within this essay, we examine the influence of this temperance culture on government regulations and its impingement on scientific practice in the study of illegal drug‐altered states of consciousness as the explanation for much of the failure of science to adequately explore these lines of inquiry. Much of our analysis is based upon examples from research in the area of alcohol studies, as the temperance movement arose primarily in response to this particular drug.     

Changing Control of the Open Drug Scenes in Oslo— Crime,Welfare, Immigration Control,or a Combination?

Over the last few years there has been a societal move away from a perception of drug users as criminals to a perception of the users as sick. Contrary to what one may expect from such a change, reported drug crimes against the penal code are at record-high levels. It is the contradictory inherent in these tendencies that will be emphasized and highlighted in this article. The open drug scenes in Oslo and the police control of the scenes have changed. During the last few years there has been a growing element of foreign citizens in the drug scenes, and the police control has focused on the foreigners. Could part of the explanation of the contradictions be that there is a differentiation of how the different users are handled? Are there different forms of social control employed toward Norwegian and foreign actors in the open drug scenes? This article puts forward arguments that this is actually the case, driven by a consistent association of foreign actors in the drug scene with organized crime, and a stricter Norwegian legislation and approach to immigration questions, with a tendency toward a conflation of immigration and criminal law.     

我国毒品政策的经济学分析

在我国注重进一步提高政府行政效率和行政效益的今天,政府制定的每一项政策都应该体现一定的价值理念,我国的毒品政策也不应例外。本文从经济学的角度对我国的毒品政策所造成的价值困境进行了分析,对我国未来的禁毒工作提出了要"打防并举"等观点。