列宁新经济政策改革与邓小平经济改革之比较

在20世纪世界社会主义运动史上,列宁领导的新经济政策改革和邓小平所发动领导的经济改革,具有很大的相似性,但这两场改革的命运又不尽相同。比较这两场改革,可以得到许多有益的思考。     

论专属经济区“海洋科学研究”和“军事测量”的法律问题

专属经济区"军事测量"活动是沿海国与非沿海国围绕海洋军事利用及科学研究活动引生争论、争端的焦点问题。非沿海国主张"军事测量"与水文测量一样都属于行使"航行和飞越自由权",别国无权干涉。沿海国认为"军事测量"属于"海洋科学研究",必须得到沿海国的批准并接受管辖。本文认为,专属经济区"军事测量"属于1982年《联合国海洋法公约》(下文简称海洋法公约)规定的"海洋科学研究"范畴,同时也是军事利用活动。因此,非沿海国在沿海国专属经济区内进行的任何形式的"海洋科学研究"以及"军事测量"活动,都必须得到沿海国的同意并接受管辖,出于"和平目的",应适当顾及沿海国的合法权益,所得信息和情报应与沿海国共享,禁止一切非法活动。     

Politischer Opportunismus und Haushaltsdefizite in den westdeutschen Bundesländern

This article analyzes fiscal political business cycles in the West-German Länder. By linking the theory of political business cycles with the insights of the theory of economic voting, I argue that the German Länder governments do not have an incentive to raise the budget deficit in order to signal economic competence to the electorate. Despite having an incentive to spend more before an election in order to provide public goods to the voters, governments cannot finance the supply of public goods with higher deficits because voters prefer healthy fiscal policies. An empirical analysis of the West-German Länder between 1970 and 2003 bolsters the theoretical claims. A government that expands the deficit before an election thus experiences a loss in voter support. Consequently, governments tend to reduce the budget deficit in pre-election years.     

A Growth Curve Analysis of the Joint Influences of Parenting Affect,Child Characteristics and Deviant Peers on Adolescent Illicit Drug Use

This study purports that parental rejection and warmth are critical to the development of adolescent drug use, and investigates a model that also considers children's vulnerability and deviant peer affiliations. It tests mediation through the proximal risk factor of deviant peers. Poisson growth curve modeling was used to examine participants from the Canadian National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY; N=2194) over 4 waves. Results indicated that parental rejection was positively related to drug use, whereas parental warmth was negatively related to it. Both effects were significant when child ADHD symptoms were taken into account. Parental rejection and warmth had differential effects over time. Deviant peer affiliations were positively associated with drug use, did not have a differential influence over time, and did not mediate the other effects. There was significant between-individual (level 2) variability in drug use. Results are discussed in light of adolescent perceptions of parent-child relationships. Research Interests: social and emotional development; family processes; adolescent problem behaviours; main area of work is about understanding risk and protective factors in typical and atypical adolescent development Department of Human Development and Applied Psychology, University of Toronto, 252 Bloor Street West, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1V6, Canada Research Interests: social and emotional development; family interaction; child psychopathology; main area of work is about understanding emotion processes in children and in family life that help us to understand psychopathology in childrenDepartment of Human Development and Applied Psychology, University of Toronto, 252 Bloor Street West, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1V6, Canada     

经济发展与经济增长

增长与发展是两个内涵不同的概念,但长期以来人们往往不予区分,结果导致经济发展步入有增长无发展或有发展无增长的误区。因此,仔细斟酌与体味两者的不同,绝不是经济学家的文字游戏,在实践上将两者有效地结合起来,对我国实现“十五”计划具有重要现实意义。     

Endogenous economic voting: evidence from the 1997 British election

Using panel surveys conducted in Great Britain before and after the 1997 general election, we examine the relationship between voting behavior and post-election economic perceptions. Drawing on psychological theories of attitude formation, we argue that those who voted for Labour and the Liberal Democrats perceived the past state of the British economy under the Tory government more negatively than they had prior to casting their ballot in the 1997 election. Similarly, we posit that Labour supporters would view the future state of the national economy under Labour more positively than they had before the election. This indicates that, contrary to many assumptions in the economic voting literature, voting behavior influences evaluations of the economy as voters seek to reduce inconsistencies between their vote choice and evaluations of the economy by bringing their attitudes in line with the vote they cast in the election. It also means that voters’ post-election economic perceptions are, at least in part, influenced by and thus endogenous to their vote choice. This finding has two major implications: first, cross-sectional models of economic voting are likely to overestimate the effect of economic perceptions on the vote. Second, the endogeneity of economic perceptions may compromise the quality of economic voting as a mechanism for democratic accountability.     

我国流域环境政策与管理体制变革研究

目前,我国流域生态环境问题仍十分严重,而其治理却步履维艰,其中的重要原因之一就是缺乏系统性的、功能互补的环境政策和管理体制。就此问题进行了一些基础性的研究,力图以现代环境经济学的相关理论为基点,将流域环境经济政策和政府管制政策加以整合,并探求一种更为合理的流域管理体制,以保证政策的有效实施。并指出在流域管理体制中,更为关键的问题是将理论设计的模式真正地变为具有实际意义的运作机构。     

经济全球化背景下中国对外开放的反思

作为一个长期处于夹缝之中而又不容忽视的大国,中国融入全球化的过程经历了一个由被动的"卷入"到自信主动进入的过程,中国对外开放战略的更迭也浸润着时代特色和某些令人无奈的缺憾。在全球性经济交往中,发展中国家的"先天不足"注定它们要比发达国家面临更多的全球化挑战和承担更大的经济风险。就中国而言,社会主义市场经济体制的建立和完善仍在探索之中,体制转轨所暴露的金融安全问题及所引发的就业问题,在世界产业水平分工中的不利地位及所引发的对外依赖度偏高等状况,影响着中国对外开放的速度与规模。但是,随着对外开放的速度加快,力度加大,中国所面临的全球化的挑战更大也更加迫切,对外开放战略需要在已有的成功经验的基础上进行新的路径选择。     

Economic Governance Beyond State and Market: Islamic Capital Markets in Southeast Asia

ABSTRACT

Islamic finance has become an integral part of the financial systems of the Muslim-majority countries of Southeast Asia. At the same time, Southeast Asia has witnessed the emergence of new capital market governance practices and arrangements that are both multi-scalar and multi-sited. This article suggests that rather than only looking at the scale and rescaling of capital market governance in the region, more attention needs to be paid to the shifting balances between regulatory expertise, market practice and societal expectations. Indeed, for governance practices to be considered effective, they have to straddle at times competing demands of authority and legitimacy. This dynamic is nowhere as visible as in the case of Islamic finance, which explicitly involves Shariah experts, trained in Islamic law, in its governance structures. This article explores the novel forms of governance to which this new market has given rise. It argues that Islamic finance – rather than the product of privately held beliefs – has become increasingly bound up with the state apparatus. This facilitates the embedding of Islamic financial principles and ethical concerns throughout capital markets in the region. Yet, Islamic finance has also become increasingly submerged within national development and competitiveness agendas.     

经济全球化对全球文化的影响--兼论中国文化发展战略

构成文化核心的深层结构的价值观念与取向、思维与行为模式、宗教信仰、审美情趣等 ,具有很强的稳定性 ,有一种独立发展的内在惯性与规律 ,不会轻而易举地被同化 ;而以消费为中心的文化的浅层结构则容易被“全球化”。研究者不同的视角也会影响到对经济全球化背景下全球文化的走向的判断。全球文化将在冲突与融合的交互中走向与经济全球化相适应的新阶段