The No‐men of England: The Geordie Revolt that Defeated the Scotland and Wales Bill in 1977

The Scotland and Wales Acts 1978 failed on multiple criteria. Although devolution of powers to Scotland and Wales was a principal policy of the Labour governments in office from 1974 to 1979, it was defeated in a guillotine vote in 1977. That defeat was orchestrated by the leaders of Tyne & Wear County Council, angry that a government of their own party was apparently neglecting their region in favour of Scotland. The project was rescued in two separate bills, but a further rebel amendment inserted a minimum assent condition in the required referendums. The people of Wales rejected the devolution they were offered. The people of Scotland accepted it, but by a margin that failed to cross the threshold. The resulting vote of confidence brought down the Labour government in March 1979. The role of Tyne & Wear County Council in killing the first bill has never been fully acknowledged. The lessons of the story for current devolution policy are explored. If the UK remains a single country, any policy for tax transfers must be fair to the English as well as to the people of the other three territories.     

The Advantages of Proximity: Comparing Higher Education Policy in Scotland and Catalonia

The article claims that, following devolution, increased proximity will increase policy capacity by changing the form of policymaking and providing greater scope for policy tailoring. The hypothesis is tested against devolution of higher education responsibility in Scotland and Catalonia. Results show that devolution did not entail the development of the same form of policymaking in the two regions, but it nonetheless permitted the implementation of policies and tools that were both in contrast with global trends in higher education policy.     

International society: the social dimensions of Indonesia's foreign policy

Realism has been the dominant conceptual approach to studying Indonesian foreign policy. This article, however, considers realist analyses to be insufficient since their emphasis on the struggle for power and security in the system of states has led to the neglect of the importance of perspectives which focus on order. To fill the gap it then intends to apply the English School perspective which focuses on the concept of international society to trace the nature and function of Indonesian foreign policy. Two cases are examined, including the Asian African Conference and Association of South East Asian Nations, to demonstrate the relevance of international society for policy ideas and action. The central argument is that the Indonesian elite worldview indicates that the creation and maintenance of order in international societies are ones which are prominent objectives legitimizing the conduct of Indonesia's external relations.     

The 2017 election in Kenya: reimagining the past or introducing the future?

The new 2010 Kenya Constitution introduced a devolved system of government that has radically transformed the Kenyan polity. The political elite which operated primarily at the national level now encounters a new competitive political arena with the introduction of county governments under devolution. In particular, a new post of County Governor has surpassed in power calculations both the traditional MP and the new position of senator. In the 2013 elections, the focus was on the national arena; in 2017, all this will change.     

信息技术与课程整合的现实困境与实践探索——基于高职英语教师的视角

当前,我国教育进入了教育信息化发展的新时期。教育信息化的重心转向以课程改革为导向,教师的信息化教学设计培训为核心,推进课程与信息技术整合的深入发展。高职公共英语课程的信息化教学设计过程,是提高高职院校公共英语课程教学效果的有效途径,也对各级公共英语的教学设计起到示范和参考作用。     

耗散结构论对英语写作的启示

英语写作是一个复杂、动态的思维过程。事实上,它是一个耗散结构。英语写作是一个开放的系统,远离平衡态系统,非线性系统和一个有序的系统。研究耗散结构理论可以为英语写作教学提供一个新的研究视点,以期改善写作教学,全面提高学生的英语写作水平。     

加强专业英语教学 促进学生就业——以高职酒店管理专业为例

在知识经济时代,人才是最重要的资源,人才的培养离不开素质教育的全面实施。在英语教学中,要改变以往的偏重语音、语法的教学模式,适应社会需要,注重培养学生必须掌握的实用的英语语言知识和技能,为进一步提高英语的交际能力打下坚实的基础。     

公安院校警察英语教学初探——英语国家警察培训对我院专业英语教学的影响与启示

公安院校的定位应是应用型和专业型的大学,在英语教学上对学员进行警察专业英语培训是其基本要求。本文从专业英语教学的角度探讨了警察英语教学的性质、现状与教材建设,并结合我院作为外警培训基地的有利条件,总结了外警培训的特点及其对我院警察英语教学的影响,提出结合实战、努力构建具有我院特色的警察英语教学的设想。     

多媒体技术在英语教学中的运用

多媒体技术手段的运用是现代外语教育的一个重要发展方向,也是当今外语教学的发展趋势。如何充分利用多媒体技术为英语教学服务,全面提高学生的英语语言能力是值得探讨和研究的问题。     

从社会语言学视角阐释新加坡英语的特点

新加坡是一个多民族多语言的国家,英语是新加坡民族间的主要交际语。新加坡英语具有典型的特点：它是一种独特的英语变体,多种语言接触的产物,多元文化的融合体。本文将从社会语言学视角阐释新加坡英语的上述特点。