医疗事故技术鉴定报告探析

对医疗事故技术鉴定报告的采信程度,决定了案件的胜败。医疗事故技术鉴定应遵循医疗水平原则、疾病紧急性原则和医学技术有限性原则,并针对现行医疗事故鉴定模式的缺陷总结出法院对医疗事故鉴定报告进行采信的依据和建议。     

TO REGULATE OR NOT TO REGULATE: THE NEED FOR COMPLIANCE WITH INTERNATIONAL NORMS BY GUATEMALA AND COOPERATION BY THE UNITED STATES IN ORDER TO MAINTAIN INTERCOUNTRY ADOPTIONS

The United States will be entering into force the Hague Convention on Protection of Children and Cooperation in Respect of Intercountry Adoption by the end of 2007. At this time, all intercountry adoptions that occur between the United States and one of the 70 other countries that also have entered the Hague Convention into force must be done according to Hague protocol. Guatemala has entered the Convention into force but its adoption practices do not currently align themselves with Convention requirements. The U.S. State Department has threatened that intercountry adoptions between the United States and Guatemala will come to a complete stop if Guatemala's conditions are not reformed. One out of every 100 children born in Guatemala is adopted by an American family and in the 2006 fiscal year, the United States adopted 4,135 Guatemalan babies. This high number placed Guatemala as the second country from which the United States adopted the most children in 2006 second only to China. A structured compromise must be established between the United States and Guatemala in order to ensure the continued provision of homes to Guatemala babies in America while Guatemala reforms its malignant adoption practices.     

论交通事故证据的审查与采用

交通事故发生后,针对众多证据,除了依靠科学、合法的手段收集证据外,对于收集到的各类证据,就要从现场勘查图;现场照片;现场勘查笔录;对技术鉴定;驾驶员的分析和证人证言等多方面审查,只有这样才能使交通事故责任认定事实清楚、证据充分,才可以正确的处理交通事故     

INTERCOUNTRY ADOPTIONS: INSTITUTING EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS IN THE ADOPTION PROCESS TO FACILITATE AWARENESS OF CULTURAL IDENTITY ISSUES

In 1995, China first claimed the designation as the number one location for parents from the United States seeking to adopt children. The children, for the most part girls, are between 6 and 20 months old, when they are adopted. Most of the girls that were adopted in 1995 are now entering into their preteen years, and if they have not already confronted the issue of who they are, they will soon be forced to. Adoption is a complicated and emotional process that affects the entire family. Traditionally, parents who adopt have been able to consciously choose when and how they will first tell their child that they are adopted. However, when the adopted child is a member of a transracial family, where the parents and adoptive child are obviously of a different race, this decision can sometimes be taken out of their hands by a stranger thoughtlessly asking, “Is she yours?” The parents who choose to adopt from a foreign country should be prepared to answer this question and numerous others before they bring their adopted child home. This note will explore the concept of incorporating educational programs into the intercountry adoption process as an effective method of educating prospective parents on the challenges that transracial families will confront.     

论条约的接受和适用及对我国的启示

国际法与国内法的关系是国际法理论和实践中的一个十分重要的问题。其中,条约在国内的接受和适用问题,又是国际法与国内法关系中不可或缺的内容。对于条约在国内发生法律效力并得到执行的全过程,有必要区分为接受和适用两个不同的阶段。现在绝大多数探讨条约在国内适用问题的论述所使用的纳入（也称并入）和转化、直接适用（自动执行）和间接适用（非自动执行）等概念,是在条约适用的不同阶段具有不同含义的表述。对这些问题进行梳理和分析,希望能对继续深入研究条约在国内适用问题有所裨益,并能对我国完善有关条约的接受和适用法律制度有所启示。     

论物权区分原则对合同分割制理论的发展--兼论对我国的立法启示

在国际合同的法律适用领域,同一制和分割制作为两种不同的法律适用理论,分别代表着两种不同的法律选择标准和价值取向.但随着国际民商事交往的纵深发展和国际合同法律关系的日益复杂,分割制将处于绝对优先的位置.尤其是对于涉及物权设定和交易的国际合同来说,物权区分原则加强和推进了分割制在合同法律选择方法的绝对地位.我国在当前的立法中应采纳并强化分割制的理论原则,并将其明确规定为涉外合同法律适用的基本制度.     

刑事诉讼中法医DNA鉴定证据的采信

从1985年法医DNA鉴定技术首次应用到法庭科学以来,法庭科学获得了质的飞跃,改变了以往法庭科学检验只能"否定"不能"认定"的历史。利用法医DNA鉴定技术,可以直接"认定"犯罪嫌疑人,由于其鉴定结论的认定概率几乎接近100%,所以该鉴定结论被认为是铁证。但作为鉴定结论的一种,笔者认为,它不能优越于其他证据,决不能盲目夸大法医DNA鉴定结论的证据效力,只有符合采信标准,才能作为定案证据予以采信。     

"一对一"证据的审查运用

“一对一”证据多发生在单独实施的犯罪行为中 ,都属直接证据 ,而且多属言词证据。因此 ,在“一对一”证据中应着重对控诉证据和辩护证据的审查判断 ,从而确认和采信证据 ,对案件作出正确认定。     

The Sovereign German States and the Code Napoléon. What Spoke for its Adoption in the Rhine Confederation?

In the principality of Hesse-Nassau and the other states of the Rhine Confederation (1806–1814) the sovereign princes were eventually to comply with Napoleon's wishes and adopt the Code Napoléon (CN). The subject treated here is how this adoption came about.French law was more modern than contemporary German law. Napoleon wanted the CN to be adopted in all the states where French troops were stationed. The sovereigns of the states of the Rhine Confederation (1806–1814) asked their lawyers to assemble at the Congress of Giessen for the purpose of creating a common version of the CN for their respective states. This involved solving various problems.It was the liberals in South Germany, not the conservatives and the nationalists in Prussia, who accepted the CN as a modern, liberal and sophisticated body of law. But for the liberals, too, there was a critical point: the definition of who was subject to the law in the CN. This was no longer the individual owner of property, but the citizen of a sovereign state who was a member of his nation. This definition was unacceptable to Germans because, under the German conditions of the period, their membership of a nation and their citizenship of a sovereign state differed.People did not have their estates in just one of the little post-Empire states, but in several. (But only in one state were they given the status of being subject to the common law.) Herr von Almendingen, an important lawyer of the period, suggested a European nationality!