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141.
张伟伟 《河南公安高等专科学校学报》2014,(4):120-124
我国未成年人犯罪激增,并且呈现出新的趋势:低龄化、集团化、恶性化,而在未成年人犯罪的刑事归责和刑罚处罚措施等方面,我国立法明显滞后,使得罪责不一、罚其不当,无法充分实现预防犯罪、教育他人的目的。因此,我国应调整现行法律规定,适当降低刑事责任最低年龄,扩大相对刑事责任年龄阶段刑事责任范围,建立丰富、层次化的刑罚处罚体系,以体现对未成年犯的惩罚、教育,有效抑制目前未成年人犯罪日益严重的态势。 相似文献
142.
呆护与惩罚：未成年人犯罪刑事政策之选择 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
孙国祥 《江苏行政学院学报》2005,(3):103-107
对于未成年人犯罪,无论是严厉的刑罚惩治还是人性化的轻刑化、非刑罚化处理, 就实证效果看,都有一定的局限性。笔者主张,应对未成年人犯罪,宜采取轻刑化和刑罚严厉化两极化的刑事政策,以对未成年人犯罪这一社会顽疾实现综合治理。 相似文献
143.
对青少年犯罪预防的思考 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
李云昭 《云南警官学院学报》2005,(2):75-77
青少年犯罪是一个社会“综合症”,是个人因素、家庭环境、社会影响、学校教育等相互交错的结果。在犯罪的青少年中真正有暴力倾向的很少,大多数都有心理问题,因而要用心量疏导的办法去解决,同时,调动社会各方面的力量,加强思想道德和法制教育,做好失足青少年的管理和帮教工作,净化社会环境,构建学校、家庭、社区三位一体的预防青少年犯罪工作网络,才能有效预防和减少青少年犯罪。 相似文献
144.
Robert Prisco 《Family Court Review》2015,53(3):487-503
Sex offenses, particularly those against children, have always been viewed negatively in society. A large portion of these offenses are committed by children against children. Most state legislatures focus on punitive measures when dealing with juvenile sex offenses, yet few place treatment on equal ground. Treatment has been shown to be effective in reducing the rate of recidivism of juvenile sex offenders. Juvenile sex offenders that participate in treatment have shown lower recidivism rates than adult offenders or untreated juvenile sex offenders. This Note advocates that states adopt legislation based on a successful statute in Colorado that creates a sex offender management board consisting of a multidisciplinary treatment team for juvenile sex offenders' treatment while requiring parental involvement in treatment as “informed supervisors” when the team deems it appropriate.
- Key Points for the Family Court Community:
- Sex offender treatment on juveniles has been successful in reducing recidivism, as juveniles are more receptive to treatment than adults.
- Supervision and treatment of juvenile sex offenders would be more effective if parents or guardians are involved in the juvenile's sex offender treatment.
- States should adopt legislation based on the Colorado model that creates a sex offender management board and multidisciplinary team to supervise the treatment of juvenile sex offenders and requires appropriate parental involvement in the treatment as “informed supervisors”.
145.
Jiun-Yih Huang 《The journal of forensic psychiatry & psychology》2016,27(4):489-503
Rape committed during adolescence is a vital indicator for predicting the propensity of committing rape in adulthood. Moreover, although numerous studies related juvenile rape have been proposed in Western countries, most of these studies have focused on the impact of personal factors, and have neglected to examine the impact of rape myths. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the relationship between rape myths and male juvenile rape. This study used an anonymous self-report questionnaire to collect data. Participants included 466 male middle- and high-school students in Taiwan. The results showed that rape myths are associated with juvenile rape. Furthermore, rape victim myths were the myth category relating to juvenile rape, rather than rape perpetrator myths. Among the rape victim myths, the dimension, women secretly wish to be raped, had the strongest association. Discussions pertaining to implications, applications, limitations, and future research are included in the present study. 相似文献
146.
Michael T. Baglivio Kevin T. Wolff Matt DeLisi Michael G. Vaughn Alex R. Piquero 《The journal of forensic psychiatry & psychology》2016,27(3):376-403
Recently, DeLisi and Vaughn articulated a temperament-based theory of antisocial behavior which they expressed as the first within criminology to use temperament explicitly, and as the exclusive explanatory construct of both antisocial behavior and negative interactions with the criminal justice system. We provide an initial empirical test of the theory’s two main constructs of effortful control (EC) and negative emotionality (NE) with respect to juvenile offending using a sample of 27,712 adjudicated youth. Cox regressions reveal youth with lower levels of EC and those with higher NE re-offend faster, controlling for demographics plus many prominent risk factors. Furthermore, the approximately 5% of youth at the extreme ends of both low EC and high NE evidence higher recidivism rates and faster time to failure. The findings show strong initial support for temperament theory, and we discuss relevancy for future research, prevention and intervention. 相似文献
147.
Carissa Danesi 《Family Court Review》2016,54(2):300-313
Currently there is a circuit split between the Second and Ninth Circuits in determining whether or not to apply previous juvenile sex offenses to the sentencing of an adult sex offender. The Second Circuit feels it is within the trial court's discretion to apply an enhancement of the U.S. Sentencing Guidelines by applying either a juvenile adjudicated or unadjudicated sex offense to the sentencing of an adult offender. The Ninth Circuit sees that as improper and only adult sex offenses should be counted toward the sentencing of adult sex offenses. Due to the vague language of this enhancement, the determination of how to apply this is up to the court's discretion. This Note proposes that the U.S. Sentencing Commission amend section 4B1.5, and decide in favor of the Ninth Circuit due to the plain text reading of the statute, as well as the intent of the guideline itself alongside the “rule of lenity” as understood in the Ninth Circuit's reasoning of only applying adult offenses to the sentencing of that adult later on in life. The positive public policy of rehabilitation of juvenile offenders would be served greatly by this amendment to this guideline. By eliminating the possibility of having such an offense count against a juvenile in the future would allow and encourage those juveniles to take positive steps toward their future. 相似文献
148.
未成年人犯罪的社会影响面广,在遵守法律原则和程序的前提下,按照未成年人犯罪的特点进行工作机制和方法的转变就显得很重要,这种转变集中表现为能动司法的前延后伸：立体预防和帮教安置。 相似文献
149.
Jennifer L. Woolard Hayley M. D. Cleary Samantha A. S. Harvell Rusan Chen 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2008,37(6):685-698
This study examines whether parents have the prerequisite knowledge about police interrogation that would allow them to compensate
for youths’ knowledge deficits, protect their interests, and buffer against their vulnerability to coercion. A racially diverse
urban/suburban convenience sample of 77 11- to 13-year-olds, 46 14- to 15-year-olds, and 47 16- to 17-year-olds and their
parents completed a semi-structured interview on knowledge of legal rights and police practices. Results show that parents
know more than younger adolescents about components of the Miranda warning and its behavioral implications but do not necessarily know more about police strategy or the parameters of parental
protection. Age and socioeconomic status were associated with youths’ risk for poor knowledge. Among parents, IQ, race, and
the child’s age predicted risk classification. Parent IQ, socioeconomic status, and youths’ justice experience, race, and
age predicted whether families were classified as at risk for poor knowledge. The results question legal assumptions about
parents’ capacity for protecting youths’ interests without intervention.
Jennifer L. Woolard is an assistant professor of psychology at Georgetown University. She received her Ph.D. in developmental and community psychology from the University of Virginia. Her major research interests include police interrogation of juveniles, culpability, the attorney-client relationship, and the role of parents in adolescents’ legal decision making. Hayley M. D. Cleary is a doctoral candidate in Developmental Science at Georgetown University. She received her M.PP. in public policy from Georgetown University. Her research examines youths’ attitudes about police and legal authorities, police interrogation of juvenile suspects, and adolescents’ legal decision making. Samantha A. S. Harvell is also a doctoral candidate in Developmental Science at Georgetown University. She received her M.PP. in public policy from Georgetown University. Her research assesses procedural justice mechanisms in adolescence, the attorney-client relationship in juvenile cases, and parental involvement in legal decision making. Rusan Chen is a Senior Statistician at Georgetown University. He received his Ph.D. in quantitative psychology from Tulane University. He is interested in behavioral research methodology and psychometrics. 相似文献
| Jennifer L. WoolardEmail: |
Jennifer L. Woolard is an assistant professor of psychology at Georgetown University. She received her Ph.D. in developmental and community psychology from the University of Virginia. Her major research interests include police interrogation of juveniles, culpability, the attorney-client relationship, and the role of parents in adolescents’ legal decision making. Hayley M. D. Cleary is a doctoral candidate in Developmental Science at Georgetown University. She received her M.PP. in public policy from Georgetown University. Her research examines youths’ attitudes about police and legal authorities, police interrogation of juvenile suspects, and adolescents’ legal decision making. Samantha A. S. Harvell is also a doctoral candidate in Developmental Science at Georgetown University. She received her M.PP. in public policy from Georgetown University. Her research assesses procedural justice mechanisms in adolescence, the attorney-client relationship in juvenile cases, and parental involvement in legal decision making. Rusan Chen is a Senior Statistician at Georgetown University. He received his Ph.D. in quantitative psychology from Tulane University. He is interested in behavioral research methodology and psychometrics. 相似文献
150.
与世界上一些发达国家以及在亚洲地区同我国相类似的国家和地区相比。我国刑法关于刑事责任年龄的界定明显偏高,不符合我国现阶段及更长一段时间的国情。我们主张,面对迅猛上升的少年犯罪问题,适当降低我国的刑事责任年龄,并设置有别于成人的较轻缓和灵活的法律处分,对犯罪少年的行为和品格进行及时有效地矫正。 相似文献