我国区域协调发展中的地方立法协调:样本探索及发展空间

区域协调发展是我国的国家战略。近年来,在党的领导下,我国区域协调发展中的地方立法协调实践探索,呈现出京津冀、珠三角、长三角等几种典型样本,并各具特色及示范价值。进入新时代后,区域地方立法协调面临诸多国内无先例可循的新问题。根据党的十九届四中全会提出的“构建区域协调发展新机制”等时代新要求,需要重点思考我国区域立法协调的发展空间、聚焦领域和可能的溢出效应等理论难点。从已有的样本探索和发展趋势看,区域内跨省市的大气、水流等生态环境共保共治问题,区域市场一体化及区域营商环境共建问题,区域一体化示范区共建问题等,将是今后我国区域地方立法协调的侧重点和聚焦点。     

Democracy,development and chieftaincy along South Africa's ‘Platinum Highway’: some emerging issues

South Africa's ‘Platinum Highway’ (Generally referred to as ‘the platinum belt’.) – ‘a 150?km continuation of platinum group metals (PGM)-bearing reefs’ [Havenstein, R. (2004). “The Platinum Highway – Where Does It Lead?” Accessed May 10, 2011. http://web.up.ac.za/sitefiles/file/EBIT-Innovate/The_Platinum_Highway-where_does_it.pdf, 1] – has ushered in a new era of considerable accumulation of mineral revenues by a few traditional authorities on whose communal lands platinum ore is extracted. The Royal Bafokeng community in the North West province stands as an epitome of this phenomenon. However, not much is known about the relationships at local governance level, particularly the interface of mineral wealth and community development. Adopting the Bafokeng community as an empirical case in this article, I argue that, despite some observed benefits, vast mineral wealth is likely to deepen tensions between local power holders within the sphere of rural local governance, thus paradoxically hampering development, particularly in a context where traditional authorities are the architects and champions of resource-engendered community development.     

Battles over boundaries: the politics of territory,identity and authority in three Ugandan regions

In Uganda, contested relations between the central government and sub-national regions have, since independence, shaped state formation and national identity in fundamental ways. Today, the country is characterised by regionally uneven state presence, and distinct sub-national identities and ongoing contestation over territorial demarcations, loci of authority and political identities. This article explores the politics of territory, identity and authority in three Ugandan regions in this context, in order to analyse the implications for exclusion and conflict at the sub-national level. This involves struggles over the territorial and administrative demarcations of and within regions; the loci and scope of authority with regards to these units; struggles over access to land; and the (non-)recognition of various cultural–political identities in these regions.     

Typology of State Types: Persistence and Transition

Research on state fragility has seldom examined questions of persistence and transition of states. We develop a sixfold typology of states to examine how key structural features of states evolve and contribute to successful exits from fragility in some cases and persistence in others. Particularly worrisome is the lack of positive transition among the weakest states. Our findings are derived from a minimalist construct of a refined time series data set involving state indicators of authority, legitimacy, and capacity. Case studies of some of the more turbulent examples support our state trajectories. Additionally, changes in legitimacy most often led state transitions into or out of fragility. Implications of intervention policy for transitioning states out of fragility are addressed, and these are given particular focus since fragile states experience at least twice the intensity/incidence of internal armed conflict compared to other states.     

从移民社会的特征谈东莞的社会转型问题

移民社会是以移民为主体生活人群的社会,相对于原住民社会而言,移民社会是文明程度更高、更加进步的社会。从移民社会的特征分析,东莞不是移民社会,倒彰显游民社会特征。东莞社会转型的任务,应是致力于实现从游民社会向移民社会的转变。     

从民事特别程序的实施现状谈司法权威的缺失与确立

在我国,司法机关的权利受到立法的严格限制,同时,习惯又促使我们过多的寻求行政机关或其他民间力量的救 济。而司法机关拥有合法的权利和令人信服的威望是法治的前提,因此,提高司法机关的宪政地位以及扩大司法机关的权力是必 要且必须的。     

试论我国的民主监督制度

监督是一种普遍的权力现象,一切权力都需要监督,不受监督的权力必然会导致腐败.民主监督制度是我国民主政治制度的重要组成部分,没有监督,就不存在真正意义上的民主.监督制度是现代民主政治的重要支柱.中国共产党和政府历来十分重视民主监督的制度建设,目前已经建立了符合中国国情的监督体系.民主监督制度在预防、惩治职务犯罪方面发挥了重大作用.但监督效果不尽如人意,新世纪亟须完善我国的权力监督制约机制.     

从行政权与司法权的关系看行政诉讼受案范围

受案范围是行政诉讼中一个极其重要的理论与实践问题 ,也是行政诉讼中一个特有的问题。行政诉讼受案范围的宽泛程度直接关系到公民、法人及其他社会组织合法权益的保护力度。对此 ,有的学者认为所有的行政行为都接受法院的司法审查既不可能 ,也不必要 ,行政诉讼应实行受案范围的有限原则 ;也有的学者主张从以公共利益为本位的利益关系出发 ,一切行政行为都应纳入行政诉讼的受案范围。本文试图从行政诉讼的价值基础 ,立法宗旨 ,及司法权与行政权的关系入手 ,对行政诉讼的受案范围予以剖析 ,并提出笔者的一点粗浅的认识。     

论检察权的定位——兼论我国检察机构改革

作为国家权力体系中的一种过渡性权力,检察权兼具行政权与司法权的双重属性.与此相适应,检察权的运作也遵循着检察一体与检察独立的双重机制.检察一体,包括组织一体和心理一体两个层面;而检察独立,则包括组织独立与功能独立.检察权独立行使,是其承担法律监督功能的基础.为此,必须通过相关制度设置,从资源、身份、资质、权利等方面保障检察权的独立行使.在我国,虽然<宪法>规定检察机关依法独立行使职权,但是由于宪法和法律对保障检察机关组织独立的具体措施缺乏规定,致使检察机关独立行使职权面临着诸多障碍,其中主要是检察权地方化问题.因此,当前我国检察机构改革的方向应当是保障检察权的独立行使.     

滥用职权罪罪过形式的认定标准

滥用职权罪罪过形式的认定标准应采纳结果标准说。从我国现行的四要件犯罪构成理论出发,重大损失是滥用职权罪的危害结果,但不是滥用职权罪的罪量,不能作为滥用职权罪的客观处罚条件,也不能成为客观的超过要素。因此,应当将行为人对重大损失这一危害结构的心理态度作为滥用职权罪罪过形式的认定标准。