构建“内生与外源互动”的地方政府决策机制

我国传统的“内输入”型的地方政府决策机制本身具有一定的历史性和时代性,随着我国经济社会的转型,这一体制逐渐暴露出其不足和缺陷。为此,本文提出构建“内生与外源互动”的新的决策机制来对原有的地方政府决策机制进行发展和更新,主张从完善专家咨询制度、社会公证制度和社会听政制度方面来对决策机制进行完善和发展。     

试谈地方政府实现文明执法的对策

随着依法治国和法治政府建设的推进,文明执法越来越受到社会各界的重视。然而,报端和网络上时常可见的政府执法人员不文明执法的案件却又提醒着我们:探索一条适应我国国情的文明执法道路刻不容缓。本文对如何推进政府文明执法,加强执法队伍建设,营造文明执法的良好环境进行了初步的探讨。     

地方政府机构改革探讨

目前地方政府党政两套班子。机构重复设置、多头管理的情况非常普遍。抓紧进行地方政府机构改革，加强基层政权建设非常必要。成都市、随州市率先实行大部门体制，取得了明显的成效，给机构改革提供了有益经验。     

Measuring the efficiency of local police force

This study proposed a methodology of analysis for estimating the efficiency with which the competences in matters of public and road safety are carried out. This proposal seeks to mitigate (i) the subjectivity in the selection of variables; (ii) the partiality inherent to the productivity indicators; and (iii) the generality of the analysis in previous studies. Applying the methodology proposed to the areas of public and road safety, individually and jointly, obtaining the main conclusions: the mean pure technical efficiency of the police force as a whole is 69.42, with eight towns (27.59%) showing efficient behaviour and, in the evaluation of the disparity between behaviour by activity and the overall result, the comparative shows a high degree of similarity between the ordering of the towns in the overall analysis and in public safety. This is not extendable to the road safety service, since they differ notably in the results obtained both with the area of public safety and with the overall action of the force.      

论影响我国地方政府行政能力的因素及加强途径

随着经济社会的发展,公众的需求将不断的增多,对政府管理的能力要求也越来越高。如何适应新的时代要求,加强政府的行政能力,提升公共服务的水平,就成为摆在我国各级政府面前的一项艰巨而紧迫的任务。本文主要从几个方面进行阐述:加强地方政府的行政能力,是我国政府面临的时代要求;影响地方政府行政能力的主要因素;加强地方政府行政能力的基本途径。     

实施人才发展战略 提高地方竞争实力

开发人才资源是一项重大的战略任务 ,当前人才资源结构需要作进一步的调整。实施人才发展战略 ,努力营造有利于创业的社会环境 ,制定必要的配套措施 ,加大人才引进和培养的力度 ,加快建立科学合理的用人机制 ,是提高地方竞争实力的关键。     

新疆少数民族文化遗产的立法保护刍议

新疆拥有丰富而独特的少数民族文化遗产资源,针对文化遗产资源保护的有效制度却相对滞后,在少数民族文化遗产立法保护中存在不少亟待解决的问题。强化和完善地方立法是新疆少数民族文化遗产得到切实保护的关键问题之一。     

Beyond incubation: an analysis of firm survival and exit dynamics in the post-graduation period

With regard to the survival rates of business incubator (BI) firms, the literature mainly presents findings of failure rates only during the incubation period. Little is known about the survival or exit dynamics of firms after leaving the incubator facilities. This study approaches this research question by examining the survival of 352 firms from five German BIs after their graduation. The findings suggest that graduation causes an immediate negative effect on survivability that lasts up to 3 years after leaving the incubators. Furthermore, heterogeneous patterns of post-graduation exit dynamics between the BIs were observed. It was also found that performance during the incubation period is an indicator of the propensity of business closure after graduation. This study offers valuable insights and implications for all stakeholders of BI-initiatives.      

政府主导下的集体建设用地流转:从理想回归现实

尽管现行法律严格限制了集体建设用地入市流转的可能,但不少地方政府都积极引导集体建设用地流转,并出台了大量规范性文件。地方政府从自身利益即财政收入、经济增长的最大化来决定是否允许集体建设用地流转。在一定程度上,这和农民、中央政府的目标函数相冲突;为此,应对地方政府自行出台的办法进行改进、修正,以最大程度平衡各主体的利益诉求,协调好经济增长、耕地保护、宏观调控、农民增收的相互关联。     

Institutional constraints on cabinet formation: Veto points and party system dynamics

Research on government formation in parliamentary democracies has presented contradicting evidence on the role of political veto institutions and parliamentary polarization on the formation of cabinet types. Institutional rules may either provide significant leeway for political parties or seriously constrain them when forming sustainable coalitions. In contrast to previous studies we argue that the effect of political institutions is conditional on the degree of polarization in parliament. We test our hypotheses using original data on 842 cabinet formations in 33 advanced democracies between 1945–2018. In line with previous research, we find that the institutional rules have a pronounced effect on the type of cabinet formed, but that institutional rules moderate the effect of party system polarization. Thus, our findings provide important new insights on cabinet formation which are particularly relevant for today's increasingly polarized parliaments.