政府的“三种能力”:情境认知、组织调适与社会治理

政府组织的功能之一就是实施对社会的管理,而政府管理可以分析出三个要素,即管理环境、管理主体与管理客体.从这一理论视角切入,政府组织的能力就体现在三个方面:一是基于管理环境视角的"情境认知能力",它是政府组织直面环境变化与应对环境挑战的一种能力:二是基于管理主体视角的"组织调适能力",它体现在"适应、控制与变化"的三个环节中:三是基于管理客体视角的"社会治理能力",它体现在政府作用于客体及其社会价值实现的过程中.     

Fragile states

Since the 1990s, states that lack the capacity to discharge their normal functions and drive forward development have been referred to as ‘fragile states’. This article focuses on Africa, which not only has the largest concentration of prototypical fragile states, but has been the focus of attention for scholars, international development agencies, and practitioners. The author reviews competing analyses of the post-colonial African state and concludes that its characteristics of weak institutions, poverty, social inequalities, corruption, civil strife, armed conflicts, and civil war are not original conditions, but are rooted in specific historical contexts. It is essential to understand both the external and internal factors of fragility if such states are to get the assistance and empowerment that they need – not only for the benefit of their impoverished citizens, but also for the sake of global peace, prosperity, and security. Ultimately, it is the citizens of the countries concerned who are responsible for determining when states are no longer fragile – not ‘benevolent’ donors and the international community, whose prime motivation for interventions supposedly to strengthen the state is to ensure that fragile states find their ‘rightful’ places in the hegemonic global order.     

网络时代条件下对高校德育工作全面创新的思考

网络在大学生德育工作方面发挥积极作用的同时,也有着诸多的负面效应。高校应当充分利用网络时代所带来的机遇和条件,让德育工作占领网络阵地,为促进大学生全面发展创造有利条件。     

关于思想政治教育进网络的几点思考

作为警察院校,必须把思想政治教育摆到突出的位置,而思想政治教育进网络是社会发展的必然趋势,要建设好网站以占领思想政治教育阵地,适应网络时代的特点,为培养出更多的政治思想合格的人民警察发挥积极的作用。     

Mano Dura: El Salvador responds to gangs

Although it is increasingly recognised that violence, crime, and associated fear are challenging democratic governance in Latin America, less attention has been paid to the ways in which state responses to crime contribute to the problem. By analysing El Salvador as a case study, this article addresses three key interconnected issues in the debate. First, it explores the dynamic of violence. It then locates youth gangs as violent actors within this context. Finally, it addresses the state response to the growing phenomenon of youth gangs. It is argued that current strategies, dubbed Mano Dura – Iron Fist, employed by the Salvadoran government serve to reveal the fragility of the democratic project, exposing the underside of authoritarianism that remains key to Salvadoran political life in the transitional process from civil war to peace.     

Generosity undermined: the Cotonou Agreement and the African Growth and Opportunity Act

This article argues that Africa's developmental efforts can be greatly enhanced by an improvement in its bargaining power and by a more genuine demonstration of generosity by its trading partners, in particular the developed countries. This generosity entails putting no conditions or restrictions on Africa's products, particularly agricultural exports, and eliminating farm subsidies in developed states. Unless this is done, concessions made to African countries will remain merely symbolic.     

充分利用校园网络实现教育教学信息化

二十一世纪是信息时代。教育的历史告诉我们,教育的每次重大变革和发展都离不开科学技术,自上世纪九十年代以来,多媒体和计算机网络开始应用于教学,现在已成为现代教育的技术基础。充分利用以校园网为基础综合教育资源,建设具有现代教育思想、教育理念,掌握现代教育技术,适应21     

Evaluating HIV/AIDS education programmes in Ugandan secondary schools

Although not part of the national curriculum until 2004, HIV/AIDS education has been taught for some time in Ugandan secondary schools through a variety of extracurricular means, including the media, youth groups, drama, music, and Parent–Teacher Associations. This article identifies and evaluates the integration of HIV/AIDS information into the national curriculum in Ugandan secondary schools between 2002 and 2004, based on the viewpoints of administrators, teachers, and students from 76 schools. While most schools did not include HIV/AIDS as part of the formal national curriculum at this time, the information was disseminated through a range of alternative means. The authors identify the most effective of these, discuss the perceived reactions of various stakeholders regarding HIV/AIDS being taught in secondary schools, and make recommendations for curricular reform.     

试论网络犯罪及其防控

随着互联网的迅猛发展,网络犯罪日益猖撅,其危害性也远远高于传统的暴力犯罪。根据我国网络犯罪的特点,我们必须以政府为主,辅之以司法机关及相关部门的合作,才能有效控制网络犯罪的进一步蔓延。公安机关必须建立专业的反网络犯罪小组,加强基础建设,提高民警素质,才能进一步提高打击网络犯罪的能力。     

公共管理职能的重建——一个分析框架

重建公共管理职能是当下中国改革和发展的主要任务之一.如何构建与市场经济和民主法治国家相适应的公共管理,这是我国公共管理学界需要关注的问题.首要的任务是确立分析公共管理职能的框架.公共管理的职能体系受到社会价值观、时间、空间、制度、经济社会发展水平、政府能力等诸多因素的约束.关注这些因素对公共管理职能规定的影响是转变和重建公共管理职能过程中的一个重要的认识问题.同时,它也意味着公共管理职能转变和重建是一个动态和权变的过程.公共管理职能实现方式的变革是重建过程的一个主要维度,从单一的行政方式向市场、网络等多种方式转变是当前公共管理变革的关注点之一.