论社会变迁--经典社会学家对社会变迁理论的思考

古典社会变迁理论流派众多,本文分为进化论、循环论、功能论和冲突论四个学派,且指出了每一个学派的特点.重点论述了各个学派内具有开创性、代表性的社会学家的社会变迁理论的核心观点.     

晋察冀抗日根据地青年阶层变动的特点

抗日战争时期,在中国共产党创建和领导的晋察冀根据地内,青年阶层状况发生了激烈的变动,呈现出一系列新的特点和新的发展趋势。根据地内青年阶层的社会流动加剧,组织化程度提高,其政治地位显著提升,思想观念日趋进步。上述变化是在民族矛盾上升为国内主要矛盾背景下的一种外生型社会变迁,是革命与战争这一时代主题的必然反映。     

社会主义观念的历史发展

社会主义观念经历了从空想社会主义观念,到科学社会主义观念,再到建设有中国特色社会主义观念的历史演变。从马克思列宁主义到毛泽东思想,再到邓小平理论,科学社会主义已经扎根于中国现实并融合于中国文化精神之中。     

政府职能转变和妇联作用的发挥

妇联组织如何在社会转型时期更好地担当起特定角色赋予的内容,在"小政府、大社会"的新的社会结构格局借自身的影响力、号召力占有一席之地,这是妇联组织面对政府职能转变应该直面的问题.     

Appellate and trial court caseload growth: A pooled time-series-cross-section analysis

This is an econometric study of factors behind filing growth since 1970 in state trial courts and, especially, appellate courts. The model posits two categories of variables: those affecting the supply of disputes and those affecting the costbenefit considerations of potential litigants. The study uses a pooled time-seriescross-section design and a fixed-effects regression procedure. The overall conclusion is that factors determining the supply of disputes overwhelm other factors entered in the model. At the trial level, economic conditions 2 years earlier strongly affect civil filings, and crime rates for the current and prior year have moderate impacts on criminal filings. The output capacity of trial courts, measured by the number of judges, has a strong impact on appeals. Economic conditions and trial court filings influence civil appeals in later years, and prison commitments influence criminal appeals. The great majority of cost-benefit factors, such as simplification of appellate procedure and interest-rate differentials, showed little or no impact on appeals.In view of the rising emphasis on replicability (Dewaldet al., 1986; Campbell, 1986; Cook and Zarkin, 1986), we stress that the data for this research are available from the Inter-Univarsity consortium for Political and Social Research, and we will provide copies of the computer printouts giving the programs (that apply SAS) and the results. In addition, Court Studies periodically updates the data set, and it will supply current data upon request.     

National trends in female arrests, 1960–1990: Assessment and recommendations for research

Trends in female criminality from 1960 to 1990 are examined. The main focus is UCR arrest statistics but other sources of evidence are also used. Major findings include the following: (1) relative to males, the profile of the female offender has not changed; and (2) the principal change in the female percentage of arrests involves the overall rise in property crime, especially minor thefts and frauds. The effects of broad-based legal and societal trends on female criminality are discussed and an agenda for research on the issue of female crime trends is proposed.     

论晚唐“苦吟”的内蕴流变

在中晚唐诗歌史上,姚、贾虽以苦吟并称,但思想境界的不同、时代士风的变迁,已使二人的诗歌精神产生巨大差异.从孟郊、贾岛到姚合,随着苦吟的内蕴变化,诗人的艺术追求也发生了重要变化.姚合上承王维及大历诗人,融汇张籍、贾岛等诸家之长,成为苦吟诗人的集大成者.他所追求和倡导的"清峭"诗风,代表了晚唐苦吟诗人共同的审美趋向.这是他们在艺术旨趣上最终选择姚合,远离贾岛,形成情感平和、风格雅正创作格局的根源.     

做好税费改革与农村基层组织建设

农村税费改革给农村基层组织建设带来新的机遇和挑战.农村基层组织要抓住这一新机遇,从实际出发,创新体制,采取切实措施,努力做好农村基层组织建设工作,进而推动农村各项事业的顺利、健康发展.     

多党合作制发展的历史性转变与政治文明建设

中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度作为我国的基本政治制度,在社会发展中经历了三大历史性转变.这三大转变为社会主义政治文明建设提供了基本前提,推动着社会主义政治文明制度化建设进程,为社会主义政治文明建设提供了广泛的社会基础.     

中国-东盟自由贸易区内毒品问题现状与发展趋势

进入新世纪,毒品犯罪在整个中国-东盟自由贸易区内仍然呈上升趋势,成为非传统安全领域中的新型威胁,成为中国-东盟自由贸易区经济建设的一大毒瘤,也成为区域内各国政府首当解决的问题之一.因此,研究中国-东盟之间毒品问题的现状和发展趋势,对于中国-东盟自由贸易区建设的顺利进行有着重要的现实意义.