公证法的缺失及其完善

《公证法》是在我国经济、社会不平衡性十分突出的情形下制定的,不足之处在所难免。随着社会的发展这种立法的缺失严重影响着公证业的公信力,影响着公证事业的健康发展,因此,迫切需要在理论和实践层面予以完善。     

论我国民法上的公共利益——以合同法为中心

公共利益在法律上是一个开放的不确定概念,相当于传统民法中的公序良俗原则,具有一般条款的性质,属于＂法内漏洞＂。对于这一漏洞,必须根据宪法所确立的基本权利（对第三人的效力）来填补。合同法和物权法对公共利益的界定方式和着眼点是不同的。在合同法上,公共利益的类型化既不必要,也不可能。但在物权法上,公共利益的类型化既是可行的,也是必要的。     

免费“110”电话制度绩效分析——政府经济学角度

"110"电话是公安部门服务人民的一个重要的途径,也是政府服务职能的体现。"110"电话的建立极大地方便了群众,有利于维护社会秩序,保护人民安全,预防犯罪的发生。然而"110"电话作为免费公共资源,无效报警电话已经越来越常见,造成了公共资源的浪费,严重影响了"110"正常职能的行使。由此,试从经济学的角度分析"110"这种"公共池塘"悲剧产生的原因,并从经济学的角度提出相应的解决方案。     

公共危机治理：概念框架及启示

公共危机管理理论作为一种特殊的危机管理理论其发展需要一种全新的理论框架的支撑,以＂作为状态的危机认知＂和＂治理＂理念基础上的公共危机治理概念框架应运而生。公共危机治理概念框架作为一种不同于原有的公共危机管理模式的理论架构对我国公共危机应对策略的发展有着重要意义。     

醉酒驾驶肇事行为的刑法评价

近来,地方法院对恶性醉酒驾驶肇事行为人以以危险方法危害公共安全罪定罪处刑,然而,醉驾肇事者的主观罪过不符合以危险方法危害公共安全罪的主观故意要求,醉酒驾驶不符合以危险方法危害公共安全罪的"危险方法具有加害性"的本质特征。由此提出,醉酒驾驶肇事案件的立法解决思路是增设危险驾驶罪,其司法解释解决思路是通过扩大解释来完善交通肇事罪。     

西方现代代议制民主理论的发展与反思——兼谈其对我国社会主义民主法治建设的启示

代议制民主理论成为支撑现代国家的主流民主理论,但是也导致了西方政府的合法性危机和公共精神的萎缩.以密尔为代表的19世纪代议制民主理论,指出处于源头状态的代议制理论虽然承认少数统治,但支持通过参与达到公民教育的目的.我国建设社会主义民主的可行路径是:在党内民主层面发挥选优和监督的作用,在基层民主层面着力提高公民公共精神,...     

Perceived Discrimination Among Women in Law Enforcement

ABSTRACT

This work explores the depth and dimensions of gender-based discrimination as perceived by female police officers. Using snowball sampling, 27 currently employed female law-enforcement officers in a large metropolitan area of the Southwest were interviewed. Qualitative data analysis techniques were used to analyze the findings and to extract the themes that emerged from the women's perceptions of discrimination coming from their male peers, from male supervisors or administrators, and from citizens of both sexes. Most of thepolicewomen interviewed reported experiencing discrimination from one or all of these sources. However, almost without exception, they saw their situation today as improved over that of the past policewomen. No consistent differences in perceptions emerged related toage, race-ethnicity, rank, employer, or length of service.     

Birth spacing as a family strategy: evidence from 19th century Leuven,Belgium

This article investigates the hypothesis that 19th-century working class families in Leuven, Belgium, were controlling their fertility by means of birth spacing for household economic reasons. Detailed life-course data were collected in order to construct, on one hand, a set of covariates that represent the influences of natural fertility on birth intervals and, on the other, a number of family variables that represent the hypothetical, household economic motivation to space births. The findings strongly suggest that birth intervals were not merely a function of natural fertility differences and that family strategic spacing behavior also played a role.     

Public health measures against neonatal tetanus on the island of Vestmannaeyjar (Iceland) during the 19th century

The article presents a study of neonatal tetanus on the tiny island of Vestmannaeyjar (Iceland) during the 18th and 19th centuries. At an early date, Vestmannaeyjar was known for its high levels of mortality from neonatal tetanus. This appalling mortality is analysed, inter alia, on the basis of parish registers at the individual family level. During the late 18th and early 19th centuries, more than three out of four newborns on the island died during the first 2weeks of life. At the beginning of the 19th century, Icelandic and Danish authorities had already showed great interest in improving infant survival on Vestmannaeyjar. In 1827 a physician was appointed to the island and by the late 1840s the disease was successfully fought on the island. The achievement on Vestmannaeyjar is a good example of how the sanitary movement was able to bring about important improvements in infant survival long before the breakthrough of the bacteriological revolution.     

Where tradition meets public sector innovation: a Rwandan case study for Results-Based Approaches

Abstract

The acknowledgement of politics and institutions in developing countries is well in line with debates not only in the area of development effectiveness but also regarding new public management. Results-Based Approaches (RBApps), conceptually framed within these two debates, are designed to support outcome- and impact-oriented development goals. They link the achievement of results to monetary and/or non-monetary reward mechanisms. However, so far, development cooperation partners have mainly applied RBApps in the form of Results-Based Finance and Results-Based Aid. Through the provision of a conceptual framework, this paper embeds RBApps between different tiers of government within the discussion and applies Rwanda as a case study to it. Along the lines of Rwanda’s Domestic Performance Approach Imihigo, the article argues that development co-operation should be more proactive in considering these approaches, as they might be crucial in terms of sustainability and serve as a promising entry point for programmes supported by development partners.