行政规范性文件绩效评估的技术性标准

行政规范性文件绩效评估的技术性标准是其评估标准的重要内容,其技术性标准主要包括形式结构技术的评价和语言表述技术。但行政规范性文件普遍存在着制定技术不符合基本标准要求的问题,如名称不规范、文件结构混乱、具体条款编排不符合技术规范要求等。因此,应当根据评估的技术性标准要求对行政规范性文件进行相应的完善,使行政规范性文件体系呈现为统一、协调的整体。     

The Russian Revolution at 100: the Soviet experience in the mirror of permanent counterrevolution

Abstract

The Russian Revolution is analysed in this paper in the context of a conjuncture dominated by counterrevolution. Beginning with the repression of the 1850s, a process of permanent counterrevolution has become the over-determining trend of social-political history. The Russian Revolution was subject to several distinct aspects of this process. First was external counterrevolution, the attack on it from the outside. Whilst Anglo-America was the main bulwark organising it, the Nazi/fascist counterrevolution and invasion of the USSR was an example of counterrevolution that ran out of control and ended in a defeat in Europe that was only overcome through a long and risky Cold War. Internal counterrevolution affected the Russian Revolution as part of a longer process of adjusting socialist theory to successive defeats. In the Soviet case, Socialism in One Country was the decisive mutation in this respect and must be viewed as the decisive component of the triumph of counterrevolution. After the war, Anglo-America adjusted the counterrevolutionary strategy to surgical excisions of socialist tendencies until the USSR, isolated and ideologically exhausted, collapsed. Even so, several of its legacies continue to be relevant, notably the nationality policy and internationalism. Also, today’s information revolution casts a new light on the Soviet planning experience that must be studied now that capitalism is slipping into a systemic crisis.     

我国跨境民族语言认同研究的现状与展望

语言认同是一种复杂的文化心理趋同现象,是其它认同的基础,深刻地影响着人们的语言行为。跨境民族的国家通用语认同、民族语认同和外语认同直接关系到国家发展战略、边疆民族地区社会安全稳定和民族语言文化的传承与保护。我国的跨境民族多,但国内学者关于跨境民族语言认同的研究还很少。基于现有语言认同研究相关文献,本文分析讨论了语言认同的基本概念和跨境民族语言认同研究现状,并提出了未来研究我国跨境民族语言认同的路径和建议。     

How Language Can Influence Political Marketing Strategy and a Candidate's Image: Effect of Presidential Candidates' Language Intensity and Experience on College Students' Ratings of Source Credibility

The present study examines the effects of language intensity on presidential candidates' credibility. We manipulated language intensity levels and experience levels for hypothetical candidates for president of the United States. Manipulation checks confirmed the effectiveness of the experimental conditions. The dimensions of source credibility, character, and authoritativeness were confirmed using confirmatory factor analysis. Analysis of variance indicated that candidates using low-intensity language received higher scores on character than did candidates using high-intensity language. Experienced candidates received higher scores on authoritativeness than did inexperienced candidates. Implications for political marketing of candidates are discussed.     

Public assistance of police during criminal investigations: Russian experience

This study examines the high levels of public unwillingness to assist police in criminal investigations in Russia. Variables of public trust of police, fear of crime, victimization, and prior contact with police are used to explain this phenomenon. Also included in the study are variables of police fear and avoidance of police. The findings suggest that higher levels of distrust in, as well as fear and avoidance of police are strong predictors of citizens’ unwillingness to assist police in Russia. The paper discusses potential implications of these findings for the 2011 police reform in Russia.     

自尊与外语学习——浅析人格心理学的自尊理论及对外语学习的启示

自尊是人格心理学的一个重要研究课题。人格心理学有关自尊的研究成果可以解释外语学习中的诸多现象并对外语教学有着重要的指导意义。     

关于法律语言规范化标准的思考

建立法律语言语料库,把子库分为规范语言、不规范语言和待观察商榷语言。判定法律语言规范与否,综合考虑语言的运用和法律的专业特点两个方面,以确保法律语言既符合语言使用规则,又能表达明确严谨的法律意义。     

论现代文学叙述中妓女形象谱系与话语模式

在现代中国,妓女形象成为一种隐喻,一种表达思想意识、建构社会性别身份的媒介.人们通过对妓女形象的认知和想像来表达他们对民族现代性、社会关系和妇女解放等重大社会命题的思考,以此建立自我想像,寻求自我认同.对中国现代文学中精英知识分子笔下的妓女形象作-个谱系来考察,可以了解中国现代精英知识分子如何通过"这个媒介展开有关政治权力和文化转型,国民性和文化归依感等等问题的讨论",检视创作主体的社会性别和社会身份对妓女话语系统建构影响.     

Russia’s energy relations in Southeastern Europe: an analysis of motives in Bulgaria and Greece

Although officially Russian state-owned energy companies operate as independent entities, their actions often lead to suspicion that they are acting as a tool of Russian state foreign policy. Countries on the southeastern borders of Europe – Bulgaria and Greece – are prime examples of where this might be the case, since they not only have a central position in Russia’s plans to penetrate European markets through new transport infrastructure but are also part of competing plans for routing non-Russian gas to Western markets. The main focus of the present research is on the natural gas and oil sectors, as these are the traditional foundation of Russian energy exports to Europe. The aim of this paper is thus to provide an objective, evidence-based analysis of Russian activities in the natural gas and oil sectors of Greece and Bulgaria in order to establish whether its actions have been implicitly or explicitly politicized and have served to strengthen Russian influence in the region.