从门户开放政策看美属菲律宾政府的鸦片政策

1898年占领菲律宾后，美国即对菲律宾群岛的鸦片问题采取限制乃至最终禁止的政策，这与美国在19世纪中期以来积极参与亚洲鸦片贸易的态度大相径庭，这种反差令人深思，但如果从美国推行的“门户开放”政策的角度去理解，则一切都在情理之中。     

REEVALUATING WHERE WE STAND: A COMPREHENSIVE SURVEY OF AMERICA'S FAMILY JUSTICE SYSTEMS

The call for court reform remains critical in the face of the growing complexity of burgeoning family law cases nationwide. Many states have restructured their court systems using the unified family court model, resolving legal, personal, emotional, and social disputes with the aim of improving the well‐being of families and children. Other states utilize the traditional approach, resulting in cases being handled in a fragmented, time‐consuming and expensive manner. In this article, Professor Barbara A. Babb presents the results of her nationwide survey regarding how each state handles family law matters. The survey is a follow‐up to her comprehensive 1998 survey and her 2002 survey update. The results of the recent analysis reveal that a total of thirty‐eight states now have either statewide family courts, family courts in selected areas of the state, or pilot or planned family courts, representing seventy‐five percent of states. The number of states without a specialized or separate system to handle family law matters has decreased from seventeen states in 1998 to thirteen in 2006. These changes are significant when one considers the complexities involved in court reform. The need for court reform remains an urgent one, as family law cases occupy a significant percentage of court dockets across the country. Families and children deserve a court system where justice is effective and efficient and where their legal, personal, emotional, and social needs are resolved in a therapeutic and holistic manner.     

Decision‐making during international crises: A reexamination

The purpose of this research note is to reexamine the methods and codings of crisis decision‐making processes performed by Herek, Janis, and Huth in 1987, and thereby to discuss the role of the case survey method as a means to build theory in the study of foreign policy. The research reported here uses a somewhat different measure of decision‐making process quality and a slightly expanded list of data sources than were used by Herek and his colleagues. It reevaluates a subset of the cases explored in the previous study. This research note largely confirms the analysis of crisis decision‐making processes presented in the previous study, though it notes and discusses some discrepancies. Furthermore, this reexamination seeks to contribute to our understanding of crisis decision‐making processes by using a different conceptualization of decision‐making process quality and thus a different coding procedure.     

美国宪法成文形式的历史渊源

本文简要地阐述美国宪法成文形式产生的历史渊源 ,认为近代首部成文宪法的诞生是美国本土长期而渐进的立宪进程的产物 ,它的成文形式可以追溯到早期开启北美殖民进程的英国王室颁发的殖民特许状和殖民者之间签署的殖民地合约 ,同时也受殖民地时期立法实践和宗教传统等方面的影响。此外 ,美国各州在独立后采用成文宪法的实践 ,以及《邦联条例》的起草、通过等事件 ,都为美国成文宪法的最终形成提供了及时的宝贵经验     

英国软件反向工程适用立法探讨

软件反向工程在现代社会具有极其重要的作用，但滥用则会违背知识产权之根本保护法理，理应受到法律规制。英国是一个软件反向工程适用立法较完备的国家，其主要适用欧盟相关立法《软件指令》和本国专门性立法《软件条例》。     

浅析阿尤布·汗执政时期的美巴关系

阿尤布·汗是巴基斯坦第一位军人统治者。从1958年就任总统直至1969年被迫下台,阿尤布·汗统治巴基斯坦超过10年。这段时期的美巴关系经历了从亲密到冷淡的转变,并且直接影响了以后美巴关系的发展。更好地了解这段时期的美巴关系,对我们深刻理解冷战时期乃至冷战后的美巴关系都是极为重要的。     

美国危机管理系统的发展及启示

美国成立了以预防、处理非自然的危机(恐怖主义)为主要目标的国土安全部,标志着美国危机管理已经结束了单一的、分散管理阶段,成为面向全方位的、以国土安全为目的的完整系统。     

Transportation Access,Rental Vouchers,and Neighborhood Satisfaction: Evidence From the Moving to Opportunity Experiment

The Housing Choice Voucher (HCV) program is designed in part to expand the neighborhood choices of assisted households, thereby enabling assisted households to find a living environment that simultaneously meets their housing and neighborhood preferences. While several studies have examined the impact of rental subsidies on neighborhood satisfaction, few have examined whether access to adequate transportation enables HCV recipients to locate housing in more desirable locations. This article relies on data from the Moving to Opportunity experiment to examine the impact of transportation access, rental housing vouchers, and geographic constraints on neighborhood satisfaction. We find that access to both vehicles and public transit positively influences neighborhood satisfaction, and the influence of vehicle access varies with transit proximity. These findings point to the importance of transportation in helping low-income assisted renter households locate housing in more desirable neighborhoods.     

Congressional Activism in the Foreign Policy Arena: A Case Study of the 1994 Rwandan Genocide

This article analyzes congressional activism during an international crisis. Using the 1994 Rwandan genocide as a case, this study explores executive–congressional relations during a time when immediate policy responses are needed. A content analysis of policy statements made during committees, on the House floor, and on the Senate floor is used to investigate the specific policy ideas proposed by members of Congress. The models presented pay particular attention to the actions of Congressional Black Caucus (CBC) members, in relation to other more common predictors of congressional activism. In addition to the results for CBC members, other conclusions indicate that foreign policy leaders in Congress are international affairs policy experts without serious concerns of being defeated in their next election.     

美国反倾销司法审查制度研究

美国反倾销司法审查制度是美国反倾销法的重要组成部分,它主要包括司法审查的主管机构、司法审查的范围、提起司法审查的主体以及司法的审查标准等内容,是美国三权分立,权力制衡宪法原则的体现。中国企业在应对美国的反倾销指控时,应充分利用该司法救济制度维护自己的合法权益,但同时要注意该司法审查制度存在的局限性,避免不必要的资源浪费。